砷超富集植物--蜈蚣草孢子的无菌培养

1植物名称蜈蚣草(Pteris vittata). 2材料类别成熟的孢子. 3培养条件所用培养基为:(1)MS;(2)1/2MS;(3)1/5MS;(4)1/10MS;(5)蒸馏水;(6)Knop's.1/2MS、1/5MS、1/10MS指大量和微量元素为MS培养基全量的1/2、1/5、1/10,上述培养基均使用MS培养基全量的铁盐和有机成分,1.0%琼脂,3.0%蔗糖,pH 5.8.培养室温度为25℃;日光灯光源,光照度2 000～2 300 lx,光照时间12 h·d-1.     

海南降香黄檀的离体培养和植株再生

1植物名称海南降香黄檀(Dalbergia hainanensisMerr.et Chun). 2材料类别顶芽和茎段. 3培养条件诱导侧芽分化培养基:(1)MS 6-BA2.0 mg·L-1(单位下同) KT 0.1;(2)MS 6-BA 0.1 KT2.0;(3)MS 6-BA 1.0 KT 0.1 NAA 0.1;(4)MS 6-BA 3.0 KT 0.5 NAA 0.1;(5)1/2MS 6-BA 2.0 KT0.1;(6)1/2MS 活性炭10%.芽增殖培养基:(7)MS 6-BA 1.0;(8)MS 6-BA 0.1 KT 2.0;(9)MS 6-BA 1.0 KT 0.1;(10)MS 6-BA 3.0 KT 0.5;(11)1/2MS 6-BA 2.0;(12)1/2MS KT 1.0.壮苗培养基:(13)MS 5%(体积比)椰子乳.生根培养基:(14)1/4MS NAA 2.0 活性炭10%;(15)1/3MS NAA 2.0 活性炭10%;(16)1/2MS NAA 2.0 活性炭10%.以上培养基的pH均为6.0,卡拉胶为0.5%,蔗糖浓度(1)～(12)为3.0%,其余为2.0%.培养的光强为24μmol·m-2·s-1,12 h·d-1连续光照,温度为24～26℃.壮苗和生根培养的光强为40μmol·m-2·s-1,24 h·d-1连续光照.     

黑桫椤孢子的无菌栽培

1植物名称黑桫椤(Alsophila podophylla Hook.)。2材料类别成熟的孢子。3培养条件培养基:(1)MS;(2)1/2MS;(3) 1/5MS;(4)1/10MS(1/2MS、1/5MS、1/10MS指大量和微量元素分别为MS基本培养基全量的1/ 2、1/5、1/10)。上述培养基均使用MS培养基     

爱沙木的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称爱沙木(Eremophila bignoniiflora). 2材料类别无菌萌发的无根种子苗. 3培养条件种子萌发培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 1.0mg·L-1(单位下同) NAA 0.1.分化培养基:(2)MS 6-BA 2.0 NAA 0.1;(3)MS 6-BA 0.5 NAA0.1;(4)MS 6-BA 2.0 IBA 0.01;(5)MS 6-BA0.5 IBA 0.01.壮苗培养基:(6)MS.生根培养基:(7)1/2MS NAA 0.1 1%活性炭;(8)1/2MS NAA0.2 1%活性炭;(9)1/2MS IBA 0.01 1%活性炭;(10)1/2MS IBA 0.02 1%活性炭.以上除生根培养基加入20g·L-1蔗糖外均加入30 g·L-1蔗糖、7g·L-1琼脂,pH 5.6～5.8.光照12 h·d-1,光照度1 500～2000 lx,培养温度23～25℃.     

秤锤树的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称秤锤树(Sinojackia xylocarpa). 2培养材料当年生枝条的腋芽或茎尖. 3培养条件芽萌动启动培养基:(1)改良的MS(除钙盐外,其余大量元素用MS的3/4量) 6-BA 1.5mg·L-1(单位下同) TDZ 0.05 IBA 0.1;(2)改良的MS 6-BA 1.0 TDZ 0.05 IBA 0.1.分化培养基:(3)改良的MS 6-BA 1.0 TDZ 0.05 IBA 0.05;(4)改良的MS 6-BA 0.5 TDZ 0.05 IBA 0.05;(5)改良的MS 6-BA 0.5 TDZ 0.05 IBA 0.1.生根培养基:(6)1/2MS IBA 0.3;(7)1/2MS IBA 0.5;(8)1/2MS IBA 1.0;(9)1/2MS IBA 0.3 NAA 0.5;(10)1/2MS IBA 0.5 NAA 0.3.以上培养基含3%食用白糖(其中生根培养基加2%食用白糖)、0.7%卡拉胶,pH 5.8～6.0.培养温度25～28℃,光照时间12 h·d-1,光照度2 000 lx.     

苹果优良品种的离体培养及快速繁殖

以苹果(Malus pumila)品种是北斗、乔纳金、秋伏1号的茎尖为材料。诱导分化及继代增 殖培养基如下:(1)MS BA 1mg/L(单位下同);→(2)MS BA 0.5;(3)MS BA 1 IAA 0.1;→(4)MS BA 0.5 IAA 0.2,附加蔗糖3%,LH300,琼脂0.5%。生根培养基为:(5)1/3MS NAA 0.1;(6)1/3MS IAA 0.3 IB(?) 0.5;(7)1/3MS IAA 1 IBA 0.1;(8)1/3MS IAA 0.1 IBA 0.1 NAA 0.05;(9)IAA 1.5 NAA 0.1。附加 CH100,蔗糖1.5%,琼脂用量为0.45%。以上培养基 pH     

梨矮化砧木的快速繁殖

植物名称:梨矮化砧木PDR54、PDR4(Pyrusussuriensis×P.communis)。材料类别:茎尖和带腋芽的茎段。培养条件:诱导芽分化培养基:1/2 MS(有机、铁盐为全量) BAlmg/L(单位下同) NAA0.1;继代增殖培养基:(1)1/2MS BAl NAA0.2 GA0.05;(2)MS BAl IBA0.2～0.5 GA0.1;益根培养基:(1)1/2MS十NAA0.5～1;(2)1/2MS IBA0.25～2;(3)1/2MS IAA1.5～2。诱导芽     

华南可爱花的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称华南可爱花(Eranthemum austrosinensis). 2材料类别带侧芽的茎段. 3培养条件以Ms为基本培养基.愈伤组织诱导培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 2.0 mg.L-1(单位下同) NAA0.1 TDZ 0.01.愈伤组织分化培养基:(2)MS 6-BA 2.0 NAA 0.1.不定芽诱导培养基:(3)MS 6-BA 0.2 NAA 0.1;(4)MS 6-BA 0.4 NAA 0.1;(5)MS 6-BA 0.6 NAA 0.1;(6)MS 6-BA 0.8 NAA 0.1;(7)MS 6-BA 1.0 NAA 0.1;(8)MS 6-BA 1.2 NAA0.1;(9)MS 6-BA 1.5 NAA 0.1.生根培养基:(10)Ms NAA 0.2;(11)MS NAA 0.4.以上培养基均添加3%蔗糖、0.65%卡拉胶,pH 5.8～6.2.培养温度为(25±1)℃,光照度1 500～2 000 lx,光照时间为12 h.d-1.     

多齿蹄盖蕨孢子的离体培养

1植物名称多齿蹄盖蕨(Athyrium multidentatum)别名猴腿儿、猴腿菜、紫茎菜、猴腿蹄盖蕨. 2材料类别成熟的多齿蹄盖蕨孢子. 3培养条件(1)播种培养基:1/2MS 6-BA 0.5mg·L-1(单位下同) NAA 0.1 0～3g·L-1性炭;(2)原叶体增殖培养基:1/2MS 6-BA 0.5 NAA0.1～0.5;(3)孢子体诱导培养基:1/2MS GA31 0～20 NAA 0.1～0.5;(4)孢子体继代培养基:1/2MS NAA 0.1～1;(5)生根培养基1/2MS NAA0～0.5.以上培养基均附加3%蔗糖、0.65%琼脂,pH 5.5～5.8.培养温度20～28℃,光照时间8～10h·d-1,光照度1 500～2 000 lx.     

甜杨的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称甜杨(Populoussuaveolens). 2材料类别多年生嫁接苗枝条. 3培养条件芽启动及增殖培养基:(1)改良MS(大量NH4NO3、KH2PO4分别调为0.8、0.34 g.L-1,微量MnSO4·4H2O、ZnSO4·7H2O分别调为15.6、4.3 mg·L-1,其它成分与MS相同) 6-BA 0.5 mg.L-1(单位下同) NAA 0.1;(2)改良MS 6-BA 0.2 NAA0.1;(3)改良MS 6-BA 0.3 NAA 0.1;(4)改良MS 6-BA 0.3 NAA 0.1 GA 0.1.根诱导培养基:(5)1/2改良MS IBA 0.1;(6)1/2改良MS IBA0.1 NAA 0.1;(7)1/4改良MS IBA 0.1;(8)1/4改良MS IBA 0.1 NAA 0.1.上述培养基中加入2%～3%蔗糖和0.55%琼脂,pH 5.8.培养温度(25±2)℃,光照12 h·d-1,光照度2 200 lx.     

大叶黑桫椤孢子超低温保存

大叶黑桫椤孢子在液氮中长期保存的结果表明：（1）大叶黑桫椤孢子可以保存于液氮中;（2）液氮保存后的孢子萌发率比未用液氮保存的普遍下降,保存90d的用室温慢速化冻的孢子萌发率最高（65.3％）,相对保持率最高可达79.3％;（3）采用室温（22～25℃）慢速化冻的效果优于37℃温水浴快速化冻的。据此认为,液氮超低温长期保存大叶黑桫椤孢子是可行的。     

Latex extractables of Calotropis gigantea

The hexane and methanol soluble extract of the latex coagulum of Calotropis gigantea afforded two new triterpene esters, viz. 3′-methylbutanoates of α-amyrin and ψ-taraxasterol, besides the known 3′-methylbutanoates of three triterpene alcohols. The compositions of the alkane fraction, total triterpene alcohol fraction, and free, acetyl and 3′-methylbutanoyl triterpene alcohol fractions of the extract were determined.     

Karyotype Analyses in Cupressus gigantea

The chromsomal number and karyotype of Cupressus gigantea Cheng et L. K. Fu is reported for the first time. The number of somatic chromosome in root tip cell of the species was found to be 2n=22. According to the terminology defined by Levan et al, the karyotype is 2n=22= 4m(SC)+16m+2sm, belonging to Stebbin's "A" type of karyotypic symmetry which is generally considered as primitive one. By comparing karyotypes of Cupressus gigantean with other four species of Cupressaceae, the author discovered that Cupressus gigantea is a primitive species in Cupressaceae.     

Flavonol glycosides from Calotropis gigantea.

Besides isolation and characterization of isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucopyranoside and taraxasteryl acetate, a new flavonol trisaccharide was isolated from the aerial parts of Calotropis gigantea, and its structure was established as isorhamnetin-3-O-[2-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-6-O-alpha-L-rhamnopy ranosyl]- beta-D-glucopyranoside by a combination of fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopy, 1H and 13C NMR spectra and some chemical degradations.     

Degradation of condensed tannins byCalvatia gigantea

Summary Calvatia gigantea, an edible puffball, was grown well on simple phenolic compounds and hydrolysable and condensed tannins as sole carbon sources. A new enzymic system was found to be involved in the degradation of catechin, the building unit of condensed tannins. This enzymic system was induced by catechin and displayed no phenoloxidase activity. Crude enzymic preparation functioned optimally at pH 7.5–8.0 and 40–45°C and had an apparentK _m , 2.96 × 10⁻⁵ M at pH 8.0. The results of this work makeC. gigantea a potential microorganism for the degradation of toxic phenolic and polyphenolic compounds and particularly condensed tannins.     

大野芋的组织培养和植株再生

1植物名称 大野芋(Colocasia gigantea). 2材料类别 叶片、叶柄和嫩茎(带腋芽更好). 3培养条件 以MS为基本培养基.(1)丛生芽诱导培养基:MS NAA 0.1 mg·L-1(单位下同) 6-BA1.0;(2)壮苗培养基:MS NAA 0.1 6-BA 0.1;(3)生根培养基:MS NAA 1.0.上述培养基均加0.75％琼脂和3％葡萄糖，pH为6.0.培养温度(25 2)℃，光照度2 500～4000lx，光照时间12～14h·d-1，空气相对湿度80％左右.     

Production and Characterization of Amylase from Calvatia gigantea

α-Amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) was excreted by Calvatia gigantea in liquid growth media containing different sources of starch. Among the factors affecting enzyme production in shake flasks were the type and the concentration of starch and the nitrogen source supplied. Optimum cultural conditions for maximum enzyme production were: soluble starch concentration, 5%; inoculum size, 3.75 × 10⁵ conidia per ml; 5-day cultivation time at 28 to 30°C. The observed maximum yield of 81.3 U of saccharifying enzyme activity per ml of growth medium was the highest ever reported in the literature for submerged cultures. Partially purified enzyme functioned optimally at pH 4.5 to 5.5 and 53 to 58°C. The activation energy of enzymic hydrolysis of starch in the range of 20 to 40°C was 8,125 cal/mol (ca. 3.41 × 10⁴ J). The apparent K_m value of the enzyme at 25°C was 7.68 × 10⁻⁴ g/ml. Some of the properties of the enzyme under investigation were similar to those of α-amylases excreted from molds producing large amounts of the enzyme.