计算机模拟短小芽孢杆菌木聚糖酶与底物木聚糖的对接

克隆测序短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)木聚糖酶基因,在同源建模所得三维结构的基础上寻找底物结合可能的活性口袋,用计算机模拟其与底物木聚糖的对接,预测酶与催化反应过程的关键氨基酸残基。所得的信息对木聚糖酶的定向改造有重要意义。     

耐碱性木聚糖酶基因在短小芽孢杆菌中高效分泌表达的研究

从木聚糖酶高产短小芽孢杆菌 (Bacilluspumilus)BP5 1中克隆得到木聚糖酶基因xynA ,将其构建在芽孢杆菌表达载体pWH1 5 2 0中得到重组质粒pWSX1 1。xynA由木糖诱导xylA启动子调控xynA表达。采用同源高效表达策略 ,以原生质体转化方法将pWSX1 1转回原始菌株BP5 1中 ,获得重组菌株BPX1 1。通过木糖诱导重组菌株中的xy nA基因高效分泌表达 ,使木聚糖酶产酶活力比原菌株BP5 1提高了 87% ,同时对重组表达的木聚糖酶的酶学性质进行了初步研究     

枯草芽孢杆菌内切木聚糖酶的分离纯化与鉴定

目的：建立一种简便、快速的木聚糖酶分离和提取方法。方法：采用活性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和均质提取法相结合,分离纯化枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)固体培养基发酵产物中的木聚糖酶,进一步用薄层色谱和高压液相色谱对木聚糖酶进行鉴定。结果：采用活性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和均质提取法相结合,从枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)固体培养基发酵产物中分离得到了两种内切木聚糖酶,酶解桦木木聚糖的产要产物以木二糖和木三糖为主。结论：活性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和均质提取法相结合是一种新的分离纯化木聚糖酶的简便、有效方法。     

短小芽孢杆菌噬菌体的分离及特性

以短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)1037及其抗噬菌体衍生株为指示菌,从噬菌体滋生环境中分离得到10株噬菌斑形态和宿主范围不同的PP系列噬菌体,并对它们的血清型、宿主范围以及对热和对不同pH的稳定性进行了研究。结果表明,在噬菌体滋生的环境中实际存在着不同血清型和宿主范围的噬菌体群体。由PP系列噬菌体与不同宿主菌之间的关系推测,杂菌污染是噬菌体污染的导因,因而认为在工业上防治噬菌体对生产的危害必须采取综合治理措施。     

短小芽孢杆菌木聚糖酶基因在毕赤酶母中的分泌表达及酶学性质研究

将短小芽孢杆菌HB030的内切-1,4-木聚糖酶基因克隆到毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9K,得到重组质粒pH-BM220,将pHBM220经酶切后分别转化三株毕赤酵母KM71、GS115、SMD1168,该木聚糖酶基因在三株毕赤酵母中均实现了分泌表达,将重组毕赤酵母KM71（pHBM220）,GS115（pHBM220),GS115(pHBM220),SMD1168（pHBM220）分别诱导产酶,对重组酶进行相关的酶学性质分析表明,三的最适反应pH值约为5.5,最适反应温度约为60℃,在其最适反应条件下测得三粗酶液酶活分别为10.80IU/mL,11.63IU/mL,9.68IU/mL,重组毕赤酵母KM71（pHBM220）所产酶的热稳定性较好,而在pH稳定性方面三没有太大的差异。     

芽孢杆菌木聚糖酶的发酵条件研究

本文研究了芽孢杆菌Ｌ２３产木聚糖酶的时间曲线,碳源种类和浓度,添加物,发酵起始ｐｈ以及接种量对产酶的影响。该菌经３７℃培养５０小时,酶活力为３０ＩＵ／ｍｌ,酶最适反应温度为５７℃,最适ｐＨ值为７．０。     

芽孢杆菌木聚糖酶测定条件研究

木聚糖是一种在植物体内大量存在的半纤维素,在植物中的含量仅次于纤维素,是地球上广泛存在的可再生资源之一。木聚糖酶（Xylanase,EC3．2．1．8）是一类重要的木糖苷键水解酶。木聚糖酶的水解产物可用于乙醇、丙酮、丁醇等重要化工产品的生产。在纸浆漂白工艺中,采用木聚糖酶对纸浆进行预漂白,可以降低纸浆的卡伯值,减少15％左右的有效氯用量,降低生产成本,减少二阳很类致癌物的排放,并能提高纸浆的质量。该酶还可以用于饲料工业,提高粗饲料的能量值及畜禽对其的利用率。木聚糖酶可由细菌（1,。）、霉菌（。,。）、放线菌（…     

短小芽孢杆菌缺陷噬菌体

经丝裂霉素c诱发和CsCl密度梯度离心,得到了短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)噬菌体PPO。该噬菌体具有典型的20面体的头部,长而可收缩尾鞘的尾,尾鞘的下端附有基板及尾丝。噬菌体DNA的限制核酸内切酶酶切电泳及其与宿主基因组DNA之间的分子杂交结果证明,噬菌体PPO颗粒内包裹的是寄主DNA,因而它是一缺陷噬菌体。     

短小芽孢杆菌作为芽孢杆菌属基因工程受体菌的研究

以质粒pUB110 DNA转化B. pumilus 289原生质体,转化频率为10~(-3)—10~(-9)与B.tubtilis 168系统相当;但B.pumilus 289原生质体的再生频率(0.3—12.0％)略低于B.subtilis 168(1.53—24.16％);在无选择压力条件下质粒pUB110在B.pumilus 289中经过45个世代周期,自发丢失率小于3％,同于B.subtilis 168系统。外源基因在B.pumilus 289中经25个世代周期丢失率低于5％,而在B.subtilis 168系统中则高达24％;外源基因的表达水平亦高于B.subtilis 168系统。因此,B.pumilus 289是一个值得进一步开发的基因工程受体系统。     

短小芽孢杆菌degQ基因的克隆与鉴定

ｄｅｇＱ基因编码一个由４６个氨基酸组成的多肽,能增强许多芽孢杆菌胞外酶基因的表达,以ＰＭＫ４作克隆体构建短小芽孢杆菌基因库,并用ＤＮＡ探针原位杂次法从中钓出ｄｅｇＱ基因,对克隆基因的ＤＮＡ序列进行了分析并证明克隆的短小芽孢杆菌ｄｅｇＱ基因具有增强枯草杆菌蛋白酶和果聚糖蔗糖酶基因表达的能力,ｄｅｇＱ基因克隆有助于研究芽孢杆菌的正调控机一并可望提高外源基因在芽孢杆菌中表达。     

Characterization of a cryptic plasmid pPZZ84 from Bacillus pumilus

The complete nucleotide sequence of a cryptic plasmid pPZZ84 from Bacillus pumilus strain ZZ84 was determined. Plasmid pPZZ84 is 6817 bp long with GC content of 36.7%. Seven putative open reading frames were identified. ORF7 shows 91% and 90% amino acid identity with rep proteins of pSH1452 and pPL1, respectively, members of rolling-circle replication (RCR) pC194-family. A typical pC194-family double strand origin (dso), a single-stranded origin (sso) and rap (regulator aspartate phosphatase) proteins were also identified in the plasmid. These results imply that pPZZ84 belongs to the Bacillus subtilis species group of small rolling circle (BsSRC) replicating plasmids. The plasmid copy number of pPZZ84 in B. pumilus ZZ84 was estimated to be 46 per cell, more than that of other BsSRC plasmids in their hosts.     

短小芽胞杆菌的益生作用及其生物降解功能

短小芽胞杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)是一种重要的微生物资源,能够分泌活性较强的代谢产物,在农业、工业、医药等领域具有良好的应用前景.就目前短小芽胞杆菌对动植物的抗菌、抗病毒、改善农作物品质等益生作用及其生物降解功能进行综述,总结并分析降解过程中可能存在的问题,为进一步研究短小芽胞杆菌的生物学功能及其在多个领...     

海洋短小枯草芽胞杆菌的鉴定及抑菌活性分析

对从连云港东西连岛海泥样品中分离得到的菌株Bacillus pumilus HX2-2的分类地位、生长条件和抑菌活性进行了研究。经过形态特征、生理生化性质及16S r DNA序列分析鉴定,该菌属于短小芽胞杆菌。不同温度、盐度、pH培养条件下测定菌液吸光度OD600值,表明该菌是一株轻度嗜盐菌,最适温度、盐度、pH分别为30℃、3%、7.0~8.0。在不同病原真菌的平板抑菌活性试验中,该菌对草莓尖胞镰刀菌、马铃薯炭疽病菌和水稻立枯丝核菌表现出显著的抑菌作用。菌株B.pumilus HX2-2是一株短小芽胞杆菌,具有广谱抑菌活性,具有进一步研究的价值。     

短小芽孢杆菌HR10产孢培养基及发酵条件优化

短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)HR10是一株具有促生抗逆作用的优良菌株.探究菌株HR10产孢的最佳发酵培养条件,对于在更大规模上进行生产发酵具有重要的指导意义.以稀释涂布平板法计数活菌数和芽孢数并计算芽孢率;对菌株HR10产孢培养基的碳源、氮源和无机盐进行单因素分析及正交试验,并采用摇瓶发酵法对影响菌...     

Cloning and expression of the gene for neutral protease of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in Bacillus subtilis

A Bacillus amyloliquefaciens neutral protease gene was cloned and expressed in Bacillus subtilis.The chromosomal DNA of B. amyloliquefaciens strain F was partially digested with restriction endonuclease Sau3AI, and 2 to 9 kb fragments isolated were ligated into the BamHI site of plasmid pUB110. Then, B. subtilis strain 1A289 was transformed with the hybrid plasmids by the method of protoplast transformation and kanamycin-resistant transformants were screened for the formation of large halo on a casein plate. A transformant that produced a large amount of an extracellular neutral protease harbored a plasmid, designated as pNP150, which contained a 1.7 kb insert.The secreted neutral protease of the transformant was found to be indistinguishable from that of DNA donor strain B. amyloliquefaciens by double immunodiffusion test and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.The amount of the neutral protease activity excreted into culture medium by the B. subtilis transformed with pNP150 was about 50-fold higher than that secreted by B. amyloliquefaciens. The production of the neutral protease in the transformant was partially repressed by addition of glucose to the medium.     

枯草芽胞杆菌降解毒死蜱特性研究

研究生物量、pH、毒死蜱浓度和温度对枯草芽胞杆菌3374菌株(编号为GU086422)在水溶液中降解毒死蜱特性,考察该菌株对白菜上毒死蜱残留的降解特性。结果表明,在毒死蜱质量浓度为240 mg/L、pH7.0、温度30℃的适宜条件下,枯草芽胞杆菌3374菌株对毒死蜱的降解率达到92.48%。该菌株能够有效提高白菜叶面上毒死蜱残留的降解速度,表明其在白菜上具有有效降解毒死蜱的能力,在无公害农产品生产中具有广阔的应用潜力。     

生防解淀粉芽胞杆菌的研究进展

解淀粉芽胞杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)因能抑制植物病害和促进植物生长而被广泛研究。随着测序技术的不断发展,解淀粉芽胞杆菌菌株的全基因组序列陆续被测定,综述了其拮抗作用相关的功能基因、生防机制及植物-病原物-生防菌的相互作用,并对后续研究趋势进行了展望,为解淀粉芽胞杆菌的深入研究及其更好的应用提供理论参考     

Susceptibility of Cydia pomonella to Bacillus thuringiensis under laboratory and field conditions

The delta-endotoxin of 12 strains in 10 subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner was highly active against Cydia pomonella (L.) when assayed under laboratory conditions on artificial diet. These results could not be confirmed in the field.The disappointing results obtained under field conditions are due to the behaviour of the target insect. C. pomonella larvae do not ingest food during penetration of the fruit. The larva bites pieces of the epidermis and deposits them without ingestion on top of the entry hole.

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Zusammenfassung Das delta-Endotoxin von B.t. war in Laborversuch auf Kunstmedium gegenüber den Larven des Apfelwicklers, C. pomonella, sehr aktiv. Die hohe Aktivität konnte aber unter Feldbedingungen nicht mehr bestätigt werden.Es wurde nachgewiesen, dass die unbefriedigenden Resultate von B. thuringiensis unter Feldbedingungen auf das Verhalten der Junglarven zurückzuführen sind: Die Larven nehmen während dem Eindringen in den Apfel keine Nahrung auf, sondern deponieren die herausgebissenen Epidermistücke über der Einbohrstelle.

     

Molecular characterization of thirteen gyrA mutations conferring nalidixic acid resistance in Bacillus subtilis

We isolated 607 independent nalidixic acid-resistant mutants from Bacillus subtilis. A 163 by DNA segment from a 5 portion of the gyrA gene was amplified from the DNA of each mutant strain. After heat denaturation, the product was subjected to gel electrophoresis to detect conformational polymorphism of single-strand DNA (PCR-SSCP analysis). Mobility patterns of the two DNA strands from all the mutant strains examined differed from those of the parental wild-type strains. The patterns were classified into 13 types, and the DNA sequence of each type was determined. A unique sequence alteration was found in mutants belonging to each of the 13 types, defining 13 gyrA alleles. Eight were single base pair substitutions, four were substitutions of two consecutive base pairs, and one was a substitution of three consecutive base pairs. Only three amino acid residues (Ser-84, Ala-85, and Glu-88) were altered in the deduced amino acid sequences of the mutated genes. We conclude that molecular typing based on the PCR-SSCP method is a powerful technique for the exhaustive identification of allelic variants among mutants selected for a phenotypic trait.