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脂肪细胞因子是心血管并发症的重要调节因子.其中,脂联素是脂肪细胞分泌的重要血管保护因子.肥胖、糖尿病及冠心病患者脂联素水平显著降低,低脂联素血症是动脉粥样硬化发生发展的独立危险因素.脂联素既可直接抑制动脉粥样硬化灶的形成,亦可通过间接作用抑制动脉粥样硬化的形成.脂联素在动脉粥样硬化的防治方面有明显的应用前景. 相似文献
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炎症在冠状动脉疾病和其他动脉粥样硬化性疾病中起着重要作用.在动脉粥样硬化早期病变处存在大量的免疫细胞,它们所分泌的一系列细胞因子加速病变的进程,激活炎症反应导致急性冠脉综合症的发生.动脉粥样硬化,是冠状动脉疾病的主要病因,是一种炎性疾病,炎症因子参与到免疫反应过程中,使得动脉壁处的病变得以发生、蔓延和活化. 相似文献
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动脉粥样硬化的发生发展是一个复杂的过程,涉及到多种细胞及细胞因子的相互作用.平滑肌细胞作为血管壁的重要成分,调节着血管的收缩舒张功能,同时也分泌多种细胞因子及细胞间质;它的生物学行为对动脉粥样硬化的发生、发展及最终的结局产生着重要的影响.本文就平滑肌细胞的生物学行为的变化及其在动脉粥样硬化的不同发展阶段的作用进行综述. 相似文献
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动脉粥样硬化从脂质条纹的形成到更复杂的病变和斑块破裂的进程是由多种不同类型的细胞和细胞因子网络共同参与作用的,其中最主要的是Th17细胞和Treg细胞及它们分泌的细胞因子。大量研究显示,Th17细胞对动脉粥样硬化的作用仍存在争议,但大部分研究仍认为其具有促动脉粥样硬化的作用。Treg细胞具有抗动脉粥样硬化的作用,Th17/Treg平衡对动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展具有重要的调节作用。本文将对Th17细胞、Treg细胞的生物学特性以及Th17细胞、Treg细胞和Th17/Treg平衡对动脉粥样硬化影响的最新研究进展做一综述。 相似文献
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动脉粥样硬化是一种慢性炎症性疾病,开展细胞因子相关研究为动脉粥样硬化的预防和治疗提供了重要方向.细胞因子由不同类型的细胞产生,作用于一系列靶点,在动脉粥样硬化的发病和进展过程中起关键作用.本文概述了动脉粥样硬化有关的主要促炎和抗炎细胞因子及其作用机制,归纳了现阶段有关动脉粥样硬化细胞因子的针对性治疗措施,并对细胞因子在... 相似文献
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巨噬细胞移动抑制因子及其在动脉粥样硬化中的作用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(macrophage migration inhibitory factor,MIF),其主要作用为抑制巨噬细胞的游走移动、促进巨噬细胞在炎症局部浸润、聚集、激活及分泌一些细胞因子,如IL-1、TNF—α、NO等,从而间接增强巨噬细胞的功能。巨噬细胞不仅是产生MIF的主要细胞,也是MIF作用的靶细胞,因此MIF在巨噬细胞参与调节的各种疾病尤其是动脉粥样硬化中发挥着重要作用。研究表明,血管发生动脉粥样硬化部位的MIF表达水平明显上调,且随着斑块的发展逐渐上升;相反,阻断MIF的表达则可以显著廷缓动脉粥样硬化的发撮并稳定斑块。因此,MIF在单核巨噬细胞的血管粘附、跨膜移动、内皮下聚集、泡沫细胞的形成及斑块稳定中的作用可能与动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展有密切关系。本文将主要就MIF的生理及病理生理学功能特别是其在动脉粥样硬化发病及治疗中的作用作一综述。 相似文献
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动脉粥样硬化是一类严重危害人类健康的心血管疾病,其发病机制一直是研究的热点.随着近年表观遗传学研究的深入,特别是人类表观基因组计划(Human Epigenome Project, HEP)的实施,以及国际人类表观基因组协会(Human Epigenome Con-sortium, HEC)的成立,DNA甲基化和miRNA在动脉粥样硬化中的调控作用机制被逐渐认识.它们不仅能够作为独立因子在动脉粥样硬化的发生发展过程发挥作用,而且最新研究发现,它们可以相互形成交叉网络调控,但其具体过程尚未阐明. 本文拟就DNA甲基化、miRNA在动脉粥样硬化发生发展中相互作用的最新研究进行综述. 相似文献
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In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980. 相似文献
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N. P. Vesselkin Yu. V. Natochin 《Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology》2010,46(6):592-603
Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms.
The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal
mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization
followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The
mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction
of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms
are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning
of physiological systems and organs of the living organism 相似文献
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