斑马鱼干扰素基因工程菌发酵条件及稳定性研究

采用液体传代的方法,研究表达斑马鱼干扰素(IFN)工程菌株pRSET-B-zIFN的遗传稳定性,并对其发酵工艺进行了优化.结果表明,构建的工程菌株遗传稳定性良好,在没有选择压力的情况下,传代100次质粒稳定性仍然保持100%,菌落形态及生长情况与原代菌无明显区别,SDS-PAGE结果显示zIFN表达量无明显差异.发酵条件研究表明,工程菌在LB培养基中,接种量为1%,诱导剂终浓度为0.1 mmol/L,zIFN的表达量最高.     

β干扰素基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

通过Bal 31酶酶切及筛选从β干扰素基因组克隆中分离到成熟β干扰素基因,并组建了一个在Tac启动子控制下表达β干扰索基因的质粒。研究了不同诱导条件对β干扰素表达的影响。Β干扰素在大肠杆菌中表达的产量为10μ／l。     

干扰素和干扰素基因工程研究动向

当代人类所面临最严重的疾病--癌症和某些病毒病特别是潜伏性病毒病。据报导美国每年有40万人死于癌症,每四人当中有一人患不明病因之症,死于癌症牺牲者占这种病的2/3,有谓人类“头号敌人”之称。潜伏性慢病毒病也是一种最辣手的难题,因为这种病一旦发生,生命是无法挽救的,为制服这类病症所需药物之供应是一项最紧     

采用PL启动子在大肠杆菌中直接表达人aD型干扰素

从p8218、pUR-222、pBV-114及pKC-30组建杂交质粒pBV一867,使人aD型干扰素基因在PL启动于控制下在大肠杆菌中能够直接表达。每升菌液的干扰素平均产量为0.8 x107单位。     

干扰素及其基因工程

1　概述Ｚｓｓａｃｓ和Ｌｉｎｄｅｎｍａｎｎ于 185 7年首先发现受到病毒感染的细胞能产生一种物质 ,可以保护其它细胞抗御多种病毒的感染 ,并命名为干扰素。现定义为 :由干扰素诱导剂作用于活细胞后 ,由活细胞产生的一种蛋白质 ,当它再作用于其他细胞时 ,使其它细胞立即获得抗病毒和抗肿瘤等多方面的免疫力。病毒、细菌、立克次图 1　干扰素的作用机制氏体、真菌以及原虫等都能诱导细胞产生干扰素。细菌的内毒素、外毒素、放线菌素Ｄ(ａｃｔｉｎｏｍｙｃｉｎＤ)等也能诱导产生干扰素。人工合成的物质如聚次黄嘌呤核苷酸 (聚肌苷酸 ) :聚胞…     

重组杆状病毒表达牛β干扰素及其生物学活性研究

本研究构建了表达牛β干扰素的重组杆状病毒,感染sf9细胞后,分别采用免疫荧光和免疫印迹证实了重组BoIFN-β的表达存在于细胞内和培养上清中。采用表达绿色荧光蛋白的水疱性口炎病毒(VSV*GFP)检测分泌到细胞上清中重组BoIFN-β的抗病毒活性,可达到106.0AU/mL。同时重组BoIFN-β还可以激活鸡Mx启动子控制的萤光素酶报告基因的转录表达。综上,本研究采用杆状病毒表达系统,重组牛β干扰素以分泌形式高水平表达,且具有天然Ⅰ型干扰素的生物学活性。     

基因工程α2b干扰素脂质体抗流感病毒的研究

研究基因工程α2b干扰素脂质体抗鼠肺敏感株流感病毒A/FM/1/47的作用。取9日龄SPF种蛋鸡胚随机分3组,2组实验,1组对照,按组分别接种0.2 mL干扰素、干扰素脂质体及生理盐水,35℃孵育6 h后接种EID50剂量的0.2 mL流感病毒,继续孵育72 h后取每个鸡胚的尿囊液,测血凝效价,比较抗病毒作用。然后,取小鼠随机分3组,2组实验,1组对照,按组每天滴鼻接种干扰素、干扰素脂质体及生理盐水,3 d后每组分别取一半滴鼻感染LD50剂量的流感病毒,另一半滴6 d后,滴鼻感染LD50剂量的流感病毒,比较抗病毒作用。鸡胚感染病毒组的二个实验组血凝效价均降低,干扰素组的血凝效价低于对照组,干扰素脂质体组最低。小鼠鼻腔接种干扰素组的小鼠生存情况好于对照组,干扰素脂质体组小鼠生存情况最好。干扰素脂质体有明显的抗流感病毒作用,并且干扰素脂质体组优于干扰素组。     

一种新剂型基因工程干扰素稳定性的研究

目前国内市场上的干扰素多数为含有人血白蛋白的冻干制剂 ,为消除人血白蛋白带来的血源性感染 ,并方便临床用药 ,我们根据基因工程药物的特点 ,将冻干基因工程干扰素改造成干扰素注射液 ,选择合适的缓冲系统和非人血白蛋白稳定剂 ,在 4℃和 3 7℃下的稳定性进行了研究 ,确定了一种稳定的新型干扰素注射液。     

Comparative analysis of some models of gene regulation in mixed-substrate microbial growth

Mixed-substrate microbial growth is of fundamental interest in microbiology and bioengineering. Several mathematical models have been developed to account for the genetic regulation of such systems, especially those resulting in diauxic growth. In this work, we compare the dynamics of three such models (Narang, 1998a. The dynamical analogy between microbial growth on mixtures of substrates and population growth of competing species. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 59, 116-121; Thattai and Shraiman, 2003. Metabolic switching in the sugar phosphotransferase system of Escherichia coli. Biophys. J. 85(2), 744-754; Brandt et al., 2004. Modelling microbial adaptation to changing availability of substrates. Water Res. 38, 1004-1013). We show that these models are dynamically similar--the initial motion of the inducible enzymes in all the models is described by the Lotka-Volterra equations for competing species. In particular, the prediction of diauxic growth corresponds to "extinction" of one of the enzymes during the first few hours of growth. The dynamic similarity occurs because in all the models, the inducible enzymes possess properties characteristic of competing species: they are required for their own synthesis, and they inhibit each other. Despite this dynamic similarity, the models vary with respect to the range of dynamics captured. The Brandt et al. model always predicts the diauxic growth pattern, whereas the remaining two models exhibit both diauxic and non-diauxic growth patterns. The models also differ with respect to the mechanisms that generate the mutual inhibition between the enzymes. In the Narang model, mutual inhibition occurs because the enzymes for each substrate enhance the dilution of the enzymes for the other substrate. The Brandt et al. model superimposes upon this dilution effect an additional mechanism of mutual inhibition. In the Thattai and Shraiman model, the mutual inhibition is entirely due to competition for the phosphoryl groups. For quantitative agreement with the data, all models must be modified to account for specific mechanisms of mutual inhibition, such as inducer exclusion.     

Bacterial gene regulation in diauxic and non-diauxic growth

When bacteria are grown in a batch culture containing a mixture of two growth-limiting substrates, they exhibit a rich spectrum of substrate consumption patterns including diauxic growth, simultaneous consumption, and bistable growth. In previous work, we showed that a minimal model accounting only for enzyme induction and dilution captures all the substrate consumption patterns [Narang, A., 1998a. The dynamical analogy between microbial growth on mixtures of substrates and population growth of competing species. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 59, 116-121, Narang, A., 2006. Comparitive analysis of some models of gene regulation in mixed-substrate microbial growth, J. Theor. Biol. 242, 489-501]. In this work, we construct the bifurcation diagram of the minimal model, which shows the substrate consumption pattern at any given set of parameter values. The bifurcation diagram explains several general properties of mixed-substrate growth. (1) In almost all the cases of diauxic growth, the "preferred" substrate is the one that, by itself, supports a higher specific growth rate. In the literature, this property is often attributed to the optimality of regulatory mechanisms. Here, we show that the minimal model, which accounts for induction and growth only, displays the property under fairly general conditions. This suggests that the higher growth rate of the preferred substrate is an intrinsic property of the induction and dilution kinetics. It can be explained mechanistically without appealing to optimality principles. (2) The model explains the phenotypes of various mutants containing lesions in the regions encoding for the operator, repressor, and peripheral enzymes. A particularly striking phenotype is the "reversal of the diauxie" in which the wild-type and mutant strains consume the very same two substrates in opposite order. This phenotype is difficult to explain in terms of molecular mechanisms, such as inducer exclusion or CAP activation, but it turns out to be a natural consequence of the model. We show furthermore that the model is robust. The key property of the model, namely, the competitive dynamics of the enzymes, is preserved even if the model is modified to account for various regulatory mechanisms. Finally, the model has important implications for the problem of size regulation in development. It suggests that protein dilution may be the mechanism coupling patterning and growth.     

Bistability of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">lac</Emphasis> Operon During Growth of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Escherichia coli</Emphasis> on Lactose and Lactose + Glucose

The lac operon of Escherichia coli can exhibit bistability. Early studies showed that bistability occurs during growth on TMG/succinate and lactose + glucose, but not during growth on lactose. More recently, studies with lacGFP-transfected cells show bistability during growth on TMG/succinate, but not during growth on lactose and lactose + glucose. In the literature, these results are invariably attributed to variations in the destabilizing effect of the positive feedback generated by induction. Specifically, during growth on TMG/succinate, lac induction generates strong positive feedback because the permease stimulates the accumulation of intracellular TMG, which in turn, promotes the synthesis of even more permease. This positive feedback is attenuated during growth on lactose because hydrolysis of intracellular lactose by β-galactosidase suppresses the stimulatory effect of the permease. It is attenuated even more during growth on lactose + glucose because glucose inhibits the uptake of lactose. But it is clear that the stabilizing effect of dilution also changes dramatically as a function of the medium composition. For instance, during growth on TMG/succinate, the dilution rate of lac permease is proportional to its activity, e, because the specific growth rate is independent of e (it is completely determined by the concentration of succinate). However, during growth on lactose, the dilution rate of the permease is proportional to e ² because the specific growth rate is proportional to the specific lactose uptake rate, which in turn, proportional to e. We show that: (a) This dependence on e ² creates such a strong stabilizing effect that bistability is virtually impossible during growth on lactose, even in the face of the intense positive feedback generated by induction. (b) This stabilizing effect is weakened during growth on lactose + glucose because the specific growth rate on glucose is independent of e, so that the dilution rate once again contains a term that is proportional to e. These results imply that the lac operon is much more prone to bistability if the medium contains carbon sources that cannot be metabolized by the lac enzymes, e.g., succinate during growth on TMG/succinate and glucose during growth on lactose + glucose. We discuss the experimental data in the light of these results.     

白毛黑眼兔眼部虹膜Trp1、Trp2基因克隆与分析

目的 克隆日本大耳白兔白毛黑眼系(白毛黑眼兔)眼部虹膜Trp1、Trp2基因,获取其完整的外显子序列.进一步推测这两个基因编码的蛋白,并分析其特征.方法 从白毛黑眼兔的黑色虹膜组织中提取RNA,并反转录成cDNA.利用来自小鼠、大鼠和人的同源引物,扩增获得白毛黑眼兔Trp1、Trp2基因外显子片段.然后对已知片段进行3' RACE和5'RACE,从而获得白毛黑眼兔Trp1、Trp2基因外显子完整序列.利用相关软件对获得序列进行翻译和分析.结果 首次获得了白毛黑眼兔Trp1、Trp2基因外显子全序列.该实验兔Trp1基因的编码序列全长1604个碱基,其核苷酸序列与人的相似度为87.9％,与小鼠的相似度为82.7％.TRP1成熟蛋白包含513氨基酸,氨基酸序列与人的相似度为89.8％,与小鼠的相似度为86.6％.该实验兔Trp2基因序列全长1554个碱基,其核苷酸序列与人的相似度为83.2％,与小鼠的相似度为81.9％.TRP2成熟蛋白包含494个氨基酸,其序列与人的一致度为84.2％,与小鼠的一致度为84.4％.结论 本研究获得的TRP1、TRP2的序列与已知的家兔酪氨酸相关蛋白家族成员TYR的序列进行比对,结果显示这三种蛋白之间有较高的相似度,并且TRP1和TRP2蛋白序列表现出了酪氨酸酶家族结构上的保守性和特有的结构特征.     

丹顶鹤越冬栖息地数学模型的建立

利用地理信息系统及遥感卫片通过建立数学模型的方法来模拟及预测盐城自然保护区丹顶鹤越冬栖息地的分布。经验证,模型的正确预测率为７２．６３％,认为模型基本上能够反映丹顶鹤栖息地的分布情况。     

影响肝素钠产量关键因子的研究

本文用数理统计的方法对肝素钠产量动态数据进行分析,用加权最小二乘法建立肝素钠产量的Logistic模型,并对其机理进行分析。x~2检验结果表明：模型的理论值与实测值适合性极显著。由此得到D_254树脂的最适添加量,肝素钠产量增长率计算公式以及饱和产量的预测式。     

大肠埃希菌trp operon的克隆与表达

色氨酸操纵子所表达酶的高效表达和酶活性的提高,从而构建高产色氨酸菌株.利用PCR的方法从大肠埃希菌基因组中直接克隆色氨酸操纵子,并将其连接到原核表达载体pBV220中,得到重组质粒pBV220-trp operon,转化大肠埃希菌DH5α,温度诱导重组蛋白表达,表达产物经SDS-PAGE分析并用比色法测定其活性.通过凝胶电泳观察PCR扩增产物大小约为7 kb.SDS-PAGE鉴定目的蛋白得到了高效表达,邻氨基苯甲酸合成酶和色氨酸合成酶的活性分别比对照提高了3.4倍和2.5倍.成功构建了重组质粒pBV220-trp operon,邻氨基苯甲酸合成酶和色氨酸合成酶的表达量和表达活性在大肠埃希菌中得到了提高,为高产色氨酸基因工程菌的构建奠定基础.