转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉花主要生化物质含量变化及其对棉田昆虫的影响

【目的】新型转基因棉花在进入大规模商业化应用前,需对其生态环境安全性进行评价;同时,经基因改造的新型转基因抗虫棉花可能影响抗虫棉的次生代谢,进而导致一些综合的生态学效应,致使棉花生理上发生改变,这也是转基因植物安全性评价研究的重要内容。【方法】比较了不同关键时期新型转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉花与转Cry1Ac基因棉花和非转基因棉花叶片的鲜重、干重和干鲜比、主要酶[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)]活性、营养物质(蛋白质、氨态氮、脯氨酸和可溶性糖)和次生代谢产物(棉酚和单宁)含量的差异及其对棉田不同昆虫营养层昆虫个体总数和物种数的影响。【结果】棉花生长的蕾期、花期和花铃期,转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉花、转Cry1Ac基因棉花和非转基因棉花叶片的鲜重、干重和干鲜比呈先升高后降低的趋势;SOD和POD活性在花铃期明显升高,CAT、APX和GR活性无显著变化;蛋白质、氨态氮含量无明显变化,脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量均表现为先升高后下降的趋势;棉酚含量在3个时期无显著变化,而单宁含量呈逐渐升高的趋势。3种棉花叶片中干物质积累、主要酶活性、营养物质和次生代谢产物含量均无显著差异;单株大铃数表现为转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉花转Cry1Ac基因棉花非转基因棉花,小铃数则表现为转Cry1Ac基因棉花Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉花非转基因棉花;昆虫群落和害虫亚群落的昆虫个体总数均表现为转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉田转Cry1Ac基因棉田非转基因棉田,天敌亚群落昆虫个体总数无显著变化;3种棉田中昆虫群落、害虫亚群落和天敌亚群落的物种数均未发生显著变化。【结论】转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉花叶片干物质积累、产量性状、生化物质含量、酶活性在不同生长期表现不同,但上述参数在3种棉花之间无显著差异;且转Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉花具有较好的抗虫性,能有效降低棉田害虫数量。     

独行菜冷上调基因LaNHR2B的低温耐受性研究

新疆北部早春短命植物独行菜幼苗期能够在早春的低温条件下生长,具有良好的耐受低温胁迫的能力。前期研究获得了独行菜幼苗冷诱导上调表达基因片段,通过同源克隆获得该基因的全长cDNA序列（LaNHR2B）,运用生物信息学软件预测分析该基因编码蛋白的性质及其构象,采用荧光定量RT PCR技术分析其表达量与幼苗生长阶段、冷诱导处理以及外源ABA处理间的关系,通过转化拟南芥研究过表达该基因对植物幼苗低温耐受性的影响。结果表明：（1）LaNHR2B基因全长1 035 bp,编码344个氨基酸,蛋白质分子质量为85 791.16 kD,理论等电点为5.06,分子式为C₃₁₂₉H₅₂₂₅N₁₀₃₅O₁₃₀₇S₂₃₅;其蛋白主要由丙氨酸、苏氨酸、甘氨酸及半胱氨酸组成,具有3个跨膜结构,功能未知;在十字花科植物中保守性强,其他科的植物中未见同源基因。（2）LaNHR2B受4 ℃低温诱导显著上调表达,但随幼苗生长受低温诱导上调表达有所降低,与幼苗随发育耐受低温能力下降变化一致。（3）外源ABA可诱导LaNHR2B表达上调;过表达拟南芥幼苗低温耐受性明显增强。该研究初步证明,LaNHR2B表达量与独行菜幼苗耐受低温密切相关,可能是独行菜幼苗经过冷驯化后能够增强植株抗寒能力的功能性基因。这为进一步开发利用该基因进行油菜等作物抗寒育种提供理论依据。     

转Cry1Ac/1Ab基因棉花对异色瓢虫生长发育及其捕食功能的影响

【目的】为探究转Cry1Ac/1Ab基因棉花对异色瓢虫生长发育及其捕食功能的影响。【方法】以转Cry1Ac/1Ab基因棉与其亲本常规棉为实验材料,利用取食不同棉花品种叶片的棉铃虫饲喂异色瓢虫幼虫。【结果】与常规亲本棉相比,取食饲喂转基因棉花叶片的初孵棉铃虫幼虫的异色瓢虫幼虫从1龄发育至化蛹期时间延长0.77 d,但差异不显著;除1龄幼虫体重增加(0.0773 mg)外,其余各龄期幼虫体重均有所下降,但差异均不显著;异色瓢虫1、2、3、4龄幼虫对初孵棉铃虫捕食量均随棉铃虫密度的增加而增加,捕食功能反应均符合HollingⅡ圆盘方程。【结论】转Cry1Ac/1Ab基因棉花对异色瓢虫生长发育无显著影响,饲喂取食转Cry1Ac/1Ab基因棉花的棉铃虫对异色瓢虫捕食功能无显著差异。     

小麦胁迫相关基因TaSF3B2的克隆及表达特性分析

为研究小麦剪接因子在逆境胁迫中的作用,通过分析小麦抗性相关EST数据库,筛选并克隆获得1条2 327bp的核苷酸序列。该序列包含了一个1 854bp的开放阅读框,编码一个由617个氨基酸残基组成的蛋白,氨基酸同源比对发现,该蛋白含有GUS1结构域(Splicing Factor 3B,Subunit 2),属于剪接因子3b亚基中的一员,将该蛋白命名为TaSF3B2。生物信息学分析显示,TaSF3B2平均亲水系数(GRAVY)为-0.895,不稳定系数为43.92,且在细胞核中发挥作用的可能性最大。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,TaSF3B2基因在不同组织中存在差异表达,不同发育时期其表达也存在差异;在幼苗叶片中,该基因表达受高盐、低温、条锈菌、干旱及ABA激素胁迫明显下调表达,而在幼苗根中变化不明显。推测TaSF3B2基因参与了小麦正常条件下的生长发育,同时在小麦应对逆境胁迫的过程中具有重要的作用。     

旱麦草 EtAP2基因的克隆及其对干旱胁迫的响应表达

以旱麦草(Eremopyrum triticeum)为实验材料,利用RT-PCR技术从旱麦草叶片中克隆了1个AP2/ERF家族基因,命名为EtAP2(GenBank登录号KX622583)。EtAP2基因含有1 128bp开放阅读框,编码375个氨基酸,相对分子质量40.87kD,等电点为5.36。多序列比对和进化树分析表明,该基因编码蛋白具有2个AP2保守结构域,与小麦AP2/ERF家族蛋白具有较近的亲缘关系。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,15%PEG 6000模拟干旱胁迫可诱导EtAP2基因在根和叶中表达,且在根中对干旱胁迫的响应大于叶片。研究表明,EtAP2可能参与旱麦草对干旱逆境胁迫应答的调节。     

甘菊ClHSP70与ClHSP90基因的克隆及表达分析

该研究以甘菊(Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium)为实验材料,通过RT-PCR方法从甘菊转录组数据中分离出热激蛋白合成相关基因,命名为ClHSP70和ClHSP90。序列分析表明,ClHSP70基因ORF全长为2 559bp,编码852个氨基酸,蛋白功能区预测表明含有典型的HSP70蛋白NBD和SBD保守结构域;ClHSP90基因ORF全长为2 094bp,编码697个氨基酸,含有HATPase结构域和HSP90保守结构域。生物信息学分析表明,甘菊ClHSP70与大豆(Glycine max)和烟草(Nicotiana tomentosiformis)HSP70蛋白有较高的一致性,ClHSP90基因编码的氨基酸序列与紫茎泽兰(Ageratina adenophora)HSP90高度相似;实时荧光定量表达分析表明,在42℃处理不同时间,甘菊叶片中ClHSP70和ClHSP90基因表达均在0.5h时显著增加,1h达到最大值,2h后缓慢下降;不同组织表达分析表明,甘菊在42℃处理1h后,ClHSP70在成熟叶中的表达量显著高于嫩叶和根等其他组织;ClHSP90在成熟茎中的表达量最高。研究说明,ClHSP70和ClHSP90基因具有热激蛋白特征,参与了甘菊热胁迫应答过程,该研究结果为以后深入研究其基因功能奠定了基础。     

水稻rab5B基因在大肠杆菌中的表达、纯化和GTP结合分析

Rab5B类蛋白因为其编码产物的N端具有特殊结构而被认为是一类特殊的蛋白质.水稻rab5B基因Osrab5B是这类蛋白质基因在单子叶植物中的首例发现.将Osrab5B基因的编码序列按正确读码框重组到具有谷胱甘肽硫转移酶（glutathione S-transferase, GST）融合标签的pGEX-4T1表达载体中,转化大肠杆菌,获得了稳定表达目标融合蛋白的菌株,经GSTrap^TM柱纯化,获得了纯化的目标融合蛋白.GTP结合试验表明,在原核细胞中表达出的GST-OsRab5B融合蛋白具有体外结合GTP的能力.     

百合LbCAT和LbGPX基因的克隆与表达分析

以切花百合(Lilium brownii var. viridulum)‘卡瓦纳’cDNA为模板,克隆了过氧化氢酶(LbCAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(LbGPX)基因。序列分析表明,这2个基因分别包含1 479 bp和519 bp的开放阅读框(ORF),编码492个和172个氨基酸。进化分析结果表明,LbCAT蛋白与岷江百合CAT蛋白的氨基酸序列相似性最高(99.19%),且亲缘关系最近;LbGPX蛋白与油棕GPX蛋白的氨基酸序列相似性最高(78.61%),亲缘关系最近。qRT PCR结果显示,LbCAT和LbGPX在百合根、鳞茎、叶和花中都有表达。LbCAT在叶中表达量最高,LbGPX在花中表达量最高。这2个基因在百合花蕾的生长发育过程中均有表达,且表达量逐渐增加;在PEG处理后2个基因的转录水平升高,但独角金内酯(SLs)处理却显著降低了这2个基因的转录水平;该结果为百合抗逆性机理研究以及抗逆育种奠定了基础。     

转新型抗虫基因Vip3A棉花新种质的创制

该研究构建植物表达载体pBin438 Vip3A,通过农杆菌介导法转化棉花品种‘冀合713’,将新型抗虫基因Vip3A导入到棉花植株,创制对棉铃虫抗性的转基因棉花新种质。结果表明：(1)PCR检测Vip3A基因已经导入到棉花基因组中且能够稳定遗传。(2)室内抗虫性鉴定表明,与对照相比转基因植株对棉铃虫的抗性显著提高,并获得2株高抗和3株抗棉铃虫的转Vip3A基因株系。(3)Southern blotting结果显示,转基因株系BV01为单拷贝。(4)Elisa检测表明,外源Vip3A基因在BV01的根、茎、叶、花、种子中都有表达,在叶片中的Vip3A蛋白表达为苗期>蕾期>花期>铃期>吐絮期。该研究创制了新型抗虫转基因棉花材料,为培育棉花新型抗虫品种提供了种质资源。     

转甜瓜CmSAMDC基因拟南芥的获得及其耐盐性研究

该研究以哥伦比亚生态型野生拟南芥为材料,将甜瓜CmSAMDC基因构建到植物双元表达载体pCAMBIA1304上,采用农杆菌介导法转入拟南芥,在含有50mg/L潮霉素(Hyg)MS固体培养基上筛选转基因后代,并利用T3代转基因幼苗进行耐盐性分析。结果显示:(1)成功构建了植物超表达载体35S∷CmSAMDC,并经农杆菌介导法转化拟南芥,潮霉素抗性筛选后获得了转CmSAMDC基因拟南芥T3代植株。(2)转CmSAMDC基因拟南芥T3代幼苗在含100、150、200mmol/L NaCl培养基中,侧根长势比野生型植株更为健壮;在200mmol/L NaCl浇灌处理后,转CmSAMDC基因T3代植株仍能维持正常生长,而野生型植株的生长明显受到抑制;在400mmol/L NaCl浇灌处理后16d,野生型植株逐渐死亡,而转基因植株仍能继续存活;对盐胁迫后植株的脂质过氧化程度(MDA)测定显示,野生型植株MDA水平较转基因植株上升更为明显。研究表明,过表达甜瓜CmSAMDC基因增强了转基因拟南芥的耐盐性。     

Transient Expression of β-Glucuronidase in Embryo Axes of Cotton by Agrobacterium and Particle Bombardment Methods

Transient expression of -glucuronidase (GUS) in zygotic embryo axes of two cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars NHH-44 and DCH-32 was induced by Agrobacterium mediated transformation or by particle bombardment. For Agrobacterium transformation, disarmed A. tumefaciens strain GV 2260/p35SGUSINT was used. In cv. NHH-44, the maximum frequency of transient expression (14.28 %) was achieved on spotting Agrobacterium paste on the apical regions of the split embryo axes. The method resulted in a transformed callus line, which showed strong GUS activity. Integration of NPTII gene was confirmed by Southern analysis. Transgene expression by particle bombardment was achieved with p35SGUSINT and pIBGUS plasmids independently. The maximum frequency of GUS expression in 29.16 % explants was observed in cultivar NHH-44 with gold microcarriers (1.1 µm) when bombarded once with rupture disc of 7586 kPa at target cell distance of 6 cm. A transformed callus line was obtained when explants were bombarded with p35SGUSINT and cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with B₅ vitamins, 0.1 mg dm^–3 1-phenyl-3-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea, 0.01 mg dm^–3 -naphthaleneacetic acid, 3 % glucose + 50 mg dm^–3 kanamycin. High GUS activity was observed in callus tissue as well as in somatic embryo like structures achieved in liquid shake cultures.     

Development of cotton transgenics with antisense <Emphasis Type=Italic>AV2</Emphasis> gene for resistance against cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuD) via <Emphasis Type=Italic>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</Emphasis>

Cotton transgenics for resistance against cotton leaf curl disease using antisense movement protein gene (AV2) were developed in an Indian variety (F846) via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using the protocol developed previously. A binary vector pPZP carrying the antisense AV2 (350 bp) gene along with the nptII gene was used. Transgenic nature of the putative transgenics was confirmed by molecular analysis. Shoots were induced on selection medium and subcultured on rooting medium containing IBA and 75 mg l^–1 kanamycin. Transgenic plants were recovered in 12–16 weeks from the time of gene transfer to establishment in pots. Preliminary analysis of the field-established plantlets was conducted by PCR. T₁ plants were obtained from T₀ seeds, the presence of the AV2 and nptIIgenes in the transgenic plants was verified by PCR and integration of T-DNA with AV2 into the plant genome of putative transgenics was further confirmed by Southern blot analysis. Several T₁ lines were maintained in the greenhouse. Progeny analysis of these plants by PCR analysis showed a classical Mendelian pattern of inheritance.     

干旱胁迫对高山离子芥试管苗抗氧化系统及其活性氧代谢的影响

该试验以高山离子芥试管苗(Chorispora bungeana)为试材,采用固液培养法,设置对照(不添加PEG-6000,CK),轻度干旱胁迫(5%PEG-6000)、中度干旱胁迫(20%PEG-6000)、重度干旱胁迫(40%PEG-6000)4个干旱处理水平,分析干旱胁迫对高山离子芥幼苗抗氧化系统、活性氧代谢等部分生理特征的影响,以揭示高山离子芥在干旱胁迫下的生理响应特征,为进一步探讨其对干旱环境的适应机制奠定基础。结果显示:(1)随着干旱胁迫程度的增加以及在各时间胁迫处理下,抗氧化酶SOD活性及可溶性糖含量显著升高,POD活性、丙二醛含量、CAT活性和APX活性均经历了先升后降的过程。(2)超氧阴离子(O-·2)的产生速率和过氧化氢(H2O2)的含量均显著升高;高山离子芥试管苗叶片相对电导率呈现出升-降-升的变化趋势。(3)相关分析结果显示,MDA与相对电导率、可溶性糖、SOD、APX、O-·2及H2O2呈极显著正相关关系,可溶性糖与SOD、POD、O-·2及H2O2呈极显著正相关关系;相对电导率以及保护酶系均与O-·2、H2O2呈极显著正相关关系。研究表明,高山离子芥具有较强的耐旱性,高山离子芥试管苗在响应干旱胁迫过程中,抗氧化酶系、活性氧代谢、脂质过氧化及渗透调节物等共同参与了高山离子芥试管苗对干旱胁迫的综合抗逆性形成,从而积极启动应对外界干旱环境的耐旱响应机制。     

Functional analysis of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">BIN2</Emphasis> genes of cotton

Brassinosteroids (BR) promote the elongation of cotton fibers and may be a factor in determining their final length. To begin to understand the role of BR-mediated responses in the development of cotton fibers we have characterized the BIN2 genes of cotton. BIN2 is a member of the shaggy-like protein kinase family that has been identified as a negative regulator of BR signaling in Arabidopsis. Sequence analyses indicate that the tetraploid cotton genome includes four genes with strong sequence similarity to BIN2. These genes fall into two distinct subclasses based on sequence and expression patterns. Sequence comparisons with corresponding genes from cotton species that have the diploid A and D genomes, respectively, shows that each pair of genes comprises homeologs derived from the A and D sub-genomes. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants that express these cotton BIN2 cDNAs show reduced growth and similar phenotypes to the semi-dominant bin2 mutant plants. These results indicate that the cotton BIN2 genes encode functional BIN2 isoforms that can inhibit BR signaling. Further analyses of the function of BIN2 genes and their possible roles in determining fiber yield and quality are underway.     

棉花GhZIP4基因的克隆及表达分析

根据EST拼接的序列设计引物,利用RT-PCR和PCR方法,从陆地棉‘苏棉18’-cDNA和基因组DNA中分别克隆获得了GhZIP4基因片段.结果表明:(1)GhZIP4基因cDNA序列全长1 487 bp,包含1 269 bp ORF,编码422个氨基酸残基,其氨基酸序列具有典型的ZIP蛋白特征,预测具有8个跨膜结构域,第Ⅲ和第Ⅳ跨膜结构域间存在可变区,在可变区有2个富含His的结构域“HRHSHPHG”和“HSHGHGHD”.(2)氨基酸进化树分析显示,GhZIP4同拟南芥ZIP家族AtZIP4的相似性较高.(3)GhZIP4 DNA序列编码区全长1 778 bp,包含4个外显子和3个内含子,所有外显子/内含子交接点都遵从gt/ag剪接规则.(4)半定量分析显示,GhZIP4基因在茎中表达量最高,表明该基因有可能在某些金属离子地上部和根部的动态平衡分布过程中具有重要作用.     

Differentially expressed genes in cotton plant genotypes infected with Meloidogyne incognita

Meloidogyne incognita is a nematode responsible for huge losses of economically important crops. The control of this pathogen is heavily centered on chemical nematicides, which are toxic to humans and environment, besides being very expensive. Alternatively, resistant varieties of cotton generated from conventional breeding programs represent an attractive strategy for the control of M. incognita. In this context, the goal of the work reported here was to analyze the gene expression profile of one resistant and one susceptible cotton genotype infected with M. incognita aiming to understand the mechanisms involved in resistance. EST libraries of cotton in both resistant and susceptible to infection by M. incognita were constructed and sequenced, generating 2261 sequences that were assembled into 233 contigs and 1593 singlets. Genes differentially expressed were observed in both resistant and susceptible cotton. Twenty genes were found to be expressed exclusively in the resistant cotton genotype, with functions related to pathogen recognition, signal transduction, defense mechanisms and protein synthesis transport and activation. The coordinated action of these genes suggests the existence of a complex defense pathway towards nematode attack in cotton. Our data indicate some candidate genes for validation and use through transformation in other agronomically important plants.     

紫穗槐幼苗根系生理特性和解剖结构对PEG-6000模拟干旱的响应

采用PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫处理,测定了紫穗槐幼苗根系的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、丙二醛、游离脯氨酸含量及SOD、POD酶活性变化以及解剖结构特征,旨在比较不同干旱程度对紫穗槐幼苗根系生理指标、内部解剖结构的影响,探索紫穗槐幼苗对水分胁迫的适应能力,揭示紫穗槐幼苗根系对土壤水分胁迫的响应和调控机制。结果表明:丙二醛含量变化显示当PEG-6000溶液浓度超过50g/L以后,紫穗槐幼苗根的膜系统开始受到损伤,并在PEG-6000溶液浓度达到250g/L受损程度显著增强,达到了对照的1.6倍,同时启动渗透调节作用(游离脯氨酸含量显著增加),达到了对照的3.8倍,在PEG-6000溶液浓度低于200g/L时,紫穗槐幼苗根系中至少没有启动以游离脯氨酸为主的渗透调节过程。可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量及SOD、POD酶活性的变化印证了胞内发生的生理代谢变化,在PEG-6000溶液浓度为200g/L时,可溶性糖含量仅为0.121mg/g,达到最低点,随后上升,当PEG-6000溶液浓度进一步增加到250g/L时,紫穗槐幼苗根系中的可溶性糖含量则迅速回升到0.64mg/g,为对照组的63.37%。可溶性蛋白质含量在低浓度PEG-6000溶液(50g/L)处理下即有明显反应,下降到对照的61.5%,随后呈波动性变化。SOD和POD活性对PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫的响应规律类似,均对PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫处理迅速响应且活性增加。当PEG-6000溶液浓度达到50g/L至100g/L时,抗氧化酶的合成量最高,而后活性下降。60d的PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫处理影响了紫穗槐幼苗根系的生长发育,随着PEG-6000溶液浓度增加,维管柱的直径变大,木质部厚度增大,导管直径变小、但导管密度增加,当PEG-6000溶液浓度达到250g/L时,导管密度比对照组增加了41.3%,木质部厚度比对照组增加了91.5%。以上结果表明,PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫处理下,不同胁迫程度紫穗槐内部生理和根系解剖结构变化不同,通过改变自身生理代谢和根系内部解剖结构,以适应土壤水分胁迫的逆境条件,来满足自身生长和发育的需求平衡。     

Studies of pollen maturation in cotton: the storage reserve accumulation phase

Summary This study follows the maturation of the pollen grain of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), particularly the development of the vegetative cytoplasm and the various storage products formed. CTEM, HVEM, stereoscopy, and cyto-histochemistry were used to examine the events occurring during the 9 days before anthesis. Starch began to accumulate in plastids at anthesis minus 9 days and reached a peak concentration shortly before anthesis; lipid deposition followed a similar pattern, but started at 6 days before anthesis. Lipid bodies were always seen closely oppressed to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Dictyosomes appear active during the entire 9 days; first producing vesicles involved in the formation of the intine and, later, producing vesicles stored in the pollen grain. The dictyosome vesicles appear to contain polysaccharides and concentrate in layers around the lipid bodies. Ribosomes increase in number from 6 days before anthesis and are particularly numerous in the mature pollen. From anthesis minus 6 days until anthesis, the ER cisternae become increasingly inflated and, in the hours immediately before pollen release, form pockets filled with lipid bodies and dictysosome vesicles. The mature pollen has a core region filled with ER pockets and a peripheral cytoplasm in which such pockets are generally lacking.This research was supported in part by NSF Grant BMS575-22-23 and Grant N.RR-00592 from the Division of Research Resources, National Institutes of Health     

不同温度下PEG-6000模拟干旱对柠条锦鸡儿种子萌发的胁迫效应

在人工气候箱控制的不同温度(10、15、20、25℃和30℃)下,设置聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)质量百分比浓度分别为0%、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%和30%的7个模拟干旱胁迫处理,研究了柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii Kom.)种子的萌发特性。结果表明:(1)温度和PEG模拟干旱胁迫及二者的交互作用对柠条锦鸡儿种子的萌发率、萌发速率系数、萌发值、萌发指数和活力指数均具有极显著影响(P0.01)。(2)种子萌发率在15℃下最大,显著大于10℃下的(P0.01),随着温度的继续升高逐渐减小;萌发速率系数随着温度的升高有减小的趋势,30℃下又显著增大;萌发值和萌发指数分别在25℃和20℃下最大,但均随温度的继续升高而显著减小(P0.05);活力指数随着温度的升高而减小,除在10℃和20℃间无显著差异外,其他温度间均差异显著(P0.05)。(3)种子萌发率、萌发值和萌发指数在15℃下与PEG浓度呈不显著的负相关关系,而在其他温度下均与PEG胁迫浓度显著负相关(P0.05),且相关系数均在25℃或30℃下最大;萌发速率系数在各温度下均与PEG胁迫浓度显著正相关;活力指数与PEG胁迫浓度呈显著负相关,相关系数随着温度的升高逐渐增大。(4)萌发参数与PEG胁迫浓度间的回归模型表现为三次曲线、二次曲线和直线模型3种类型,其中以三次曲线模型为主,全部回归模型均达到显著性水平(P0.05);在20℃以下的温度条件下,较低浓度PEG处理对柠条锦鸡儿种子萌发具有一定的促进作用,在15℃下种子萌发对PEG模拟干旱胁迫的耐受性最强;柠条锦鸡儿种子在不同温度和干旱胁迫下的萌发模式是对其分布区生境长期适应和进化的结果。