一株银杏内生真菌代谢产物的初步研究

从银杏树皮内侧分离纯化获得6种类27株内生真菌。使用TLC、HPLC、HPLC/ESI-MSn方法对上述真菌胞内代谢产物进行研究,最终发现1株真菌菌株G3B经发酵后产生银杏内酯B等成分。经形态学初步鉴定该菌株为镰孢菌属(Fusarium)真菌。     

一株印楝植物内生真菌Epicoccumsp．次生代谢产物的研究

从印楝植物内生真菌Epicoccum sp.的发酵液中分离得到6个化合物,经波谱数据分析分别鉴定为苔黑酚(1)、4-甲基苔黑酚(2)、苔色酸(3)、对羟基苯乙酸(4)、邻苯二甲酸正丁异丁酯(5)、乙基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6).以上化合物均为首次从该属真菌中分离得到.     

美登木内生真菌lr88蒽醌类代谢产物的研究

美登木内生真菌lr88采自云南西双版纳美登木的叶中.从该菌的固体培养物中分离得到3个蒽醌类成分,通过波谱分析鉴定为1-羟基-8-甲氧基蒽醌(1),1,3,6,8-四羟基蒽醌(2)及1,8-二羟基蒽醌(3).     

一株马兜铃内生真菌Colletotrichum sp.代谢产物中细胞毒活性成分的研究

从马兜铃内生真菌Colletotrichum sp.的大米发酵产物中分离得到6个化合物,经波谱数据分析分别鉴定为7-hydroxy-10-oxodehydrodihydrobotrydial(1)、格链孢酚(2)、5-甲氧基格链孢酚(3)、链格孢毒素I(4)、腾毒素(5)和二氢腾毒素(6)。以上化合物均为从该菌属中首次分离得到,其中化合物1～4对肺癌细胞和乳腺癌细胞有一定的细胞毒活性。     

南海半红树植物黄槿内源真菌GT20036029代谢产物研究

应用多种色谱技术从半红树药用植物黄槿内生真菌GT20036029中分离得到9个化合物,通过波谱学方法并与已知化合物数据作比较,鉴定它们分别为N-(2-羟基苯乙基)乙酰胺(1)、环(L-脯氨酸-D-异亮氨酸)(2)、环(L-亮氨酸-L-脯氨酸)(3)、环(D-亮氨酸-L-脯氨酸)(4)、环(亮氨酸-酪氨酸)(5)、环(苯丙氨酸-丝氨酸)(6)、脑苷脂B(7)、(25S)-纽替皂苷元-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(8)和(25S)-异纽替皂苷元-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)。化合物1为首次从海洋真菌代谢产物中分离得到。化合物8显示了较好的肿瘤细胞生长抑制活性。     

银杏叶内生真菌Aspergillus sp. YXf3活性次生代谢产物的研究

采用多种柱层析技术,从银杏叶内生真菌Aspergillus sp.YXf3发酵液的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离得到5个化合物,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定其结构分别为terreinol(1)、cyclo-(L-Leu-L-Trp)(2)、sphaeropsidin A(3)、sphaeropsidin B(4)和4-hydroxy-3-(3’-methyl-2’-butenyl)benzoic acid(5)。以上化合物均为首次从银杏内生真菌中分离得到。神经氨酸酶抑制剂活性测试结果表明,化合物2和4具有较强的抑制活性,其IC50分别为4.67和3.40μM。     

Antifungal Metabolites Produced by Chaetomium globosum No.04, an Endophytic Fungus Isolated from Ginkgo biloba

The fungal endophyte Chaetomium globosum No.04 was isolated from the medicinal plant Ginkgo biloba. The crude extract of the fungus fermentation were active in the agar-diffusion tests against the phytopathogenic fungi Rhizopus stolonifer and Coniothyrium diplodiella. Further bioassay-guided chemical investigation led to the isolation and purification of six alkaloids and three non-targeted compounds from 50 L fermentation of this endophytic fungus and their structures were elucidated as chaetoglobosin A, C, D, E, G, R (1-6), ergosterol, allantoin and uracil, by means of spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1-6 showed significant growth inhibitory activity against R. stolonifer and C. diplodiella at a concentration of 20 μg/disc. We present here, for the first time, the potent antifungal activity of chaetoglobosins from endophytic fungi against two important phytopathogenic fungi R. stolonifer and C. diplodiella.     

七叶一枝花内生真菌Penicillium sp.(NO.24)次级代谢产物研究

从神农架地区濒危药用植物七叶一枝花叶片中一株内生真菌Penicillium sp.中分离纯化得到七个聚酮类化合物和一个简单的生物碱类的次级代谢产物,其结构经核磁共振,质谱等方法确定,分别为Citrinin H1(1),dehydroisopenicillide(2),penicillide(3),7,9-二烯-十九碳酸单甘油酯(4),7-烯-十九碳酸单甘油酯(5),Silvaticol(6),5-hydroxy-2-pyridinemethanol(7),2,4,6-辛三烯酸(8);运用MTT法评价了八个次级代谢产物的体外抑制肝癌细胞的活性,结果表明化合物1,2,3,7具有较好体外抑制肝癌细胞的活性,其IC50分别为8.5,12.5,15.0,18.2μg.mL-1。     

云南美登木内生真菌Beauveria sp.Lr89中的两个环肽

从云南美登木(Maytenus hookeri Loes.)的根部分离到内生真菌Lr89,根据ITS序列分析,鉴定为白僵菌属(Beauveria)真菌。在PDA琼脂平板发酵物中分离得到2个环肽类化合物,经波波谱鉴定为isaridin A(1)和isariin B(2),本文首次报道了这两个化合物的13C NMR数据。     

内生真菌对姜黄素的微生物转化

目的:调查姜黄根茎内生真菌对姜黄素的微生物转化,以期获得一些姜黄素的结构类似物或衍生物。方法:利用表面消毒法分离内生真菌;采用薄层层析和高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术筛选生物转化姜黄素的内生真菌;利用硅胶柱层析和制备型HPLC分离纯化生物转化产物;应用波谱技术解析转化产物的化学结构;通过形态学特征和内转录间隔区(ITS)序列分析对内生真菌进行初步鉴定。结果:从姜黄根茎中分离出18株内生真菌,经筛选发现其中1株丝状真菌能转化姜黄素,其产物分别为去甲基姜黄素和二去甲基姜黄素。初步鉴定该内生真菌属于Diaporthe sp.。结论:内生真菌Diaporthe sp.能对姜黄素进行去甲基化修饰,推测它可能具有O-去甲基化酶系。     

Two New Steroids from an Endophytic Fungus Phomopsis sp.

Two new steroids, (14β,22E)‐9,14‐dihydroxyergosta‐4,7,22‐triene‐3,6‐dione ( 1 ) and (5α,6β,15β,22E)‐6‐ethoxy‐5,15‐dihydroxyergosta‐7,22‐dien‐3‐one ( 2 ), together with three known steroids, calvasterols A and B ( 3 and 4 , resp.), and ganodermaside D ( 5 ), were isolated from the culture broth of an endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. isolated from Aconitum carmichaeli. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and their inhibitory activities against six pathogenic fungi were evaluated. Most of the compounds showed moderate or weak antifungal activities in a broth‐microdilution assay.     

海南粗榧内生真菌S15的细胞毒活性产物

对海南粗榧(Cephalotaxus hainanensis Li)内生真菌S15次生代谢产物进行了研究。用多种柱色谱技术从S15的发酵液中分离得到2个化合物,根据波谱数据和理化性质将其鉴定为乙酰基细胞松弛素D(1)和细胞松弛素D(2),对其进行生物活性测试,发现2种细胞松弛素对肿瘤细胞SGC-7901有强细胞毒活性。     

Toxic Metabolites of an Unidentified Filamentous Fungus Isolated from Zinnia Leaves

Two ribonucleases (RNases) designated RNase I and RNase II were found in Euphausia superba and isolated by (NH₄)₂SO₄ fractionation, 2 cycles of CM-cellulose chromatography and gel filtration on Sephadex G-100. This procedure resulted in a 2,116-fold purification of RNase I and a 130-fold purification of RNase II. The molecular weight of both purified enzymes was estimated by gel filtration to be 31,500. The isoelectric points were 6.0 (RNase I) and 7.0 (RNase II). Each enzyme hydrolyzed poly A-U, poly U but did not degrade poly G, poly C and DNA. Both enzymes were classified as endonuclease from the hydrolysis product of yeast RNA and poly A. The enzymes were located mainly in the cardiac and pyloric portion of the stomach.     

滇牡丹内生真菌Alternaria sp.PR-14的代谢产物研究

从滇牡丹内生真菌交链孢霉属(Alternaria sp.)菌株PR-14的发酵液提取物中分离得到6个化合物,通过波谱技术分别鉴定为交链孢酚(1)、djalonensone(2)、脑苷酯B(3)、脑苷酯C(4)、(2S,3S,4R,2’R)-2-(2’-hydroxytetracosanoylamino)octadecane-1,3,4-triol(5)和甘露糖醇(6),以上化合物均为首次从滇牡丹内生真菌中分离得到。     

内生链霉菌Streptomyces sp.Ly221的次生代谢成分

从云南美登木茎皮组织分离得到内生菌Ly221,经16SrDNA部分核酸序列鉴定该菌属于链霉菌属（Streptomyces）。从其液体发酵提取物中分离得到5个化合物,经波谱分析鉴定其结构分别为：4,10-dihydroxy-10-methyl-dodee-2-en-1,4-olide（1）、两个非对映异构体4,11-dihydroxy-10-methyldodec-2-ell-1,4-olides（2／3）、4-hy-droxy-10-methyl-11-oxo-dodec-2-ell-1,4-olide（4）和N—aeetyltyramine（5）。     

七叶一枝花内生真菌Penicillium sp.(No.4)聚酮类次级代谢产物研究

从濒危药用植物七叶一枝花的叶片中分离得到内生真菌Penicillium sp.(NO.4),活性筛选结果显示Penicillium sp.(NO.4)显示出较强的抑制肝癌细胞活性,通过固体发酵,乙酸乙酯萃取得浸膏,其浸膏经硅胶柱层析,Sephadex LH-20,半制备型HPLC等分离手段分离得到八个化合物,经核磁共振,质谱等手段鉴定其结构分别为1,3,14-三甲氧基-6-甲基-9,10-蒽醌(1),bostrycin(2),isorhodoptilometrin(3),physcioin(4),emodin(5),aloesol(6),coniochaetone B(7),2,5-dimethyl-7-hydroxychromone(8),其中化合物1为一新天然产物。体外细胞毒活性显示化合物1,3,14-三甲氧基-6-甲基-9,10-蒽醌(1),bostrycin(2)和isorhodoptilometrin(3)对肝癌细胞有较强的抑制活性,其IC50分别为15.6,6.5,13.2μg/mL,化合物4～8则没有显示生物活性。     

Novel Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Chaetomium subaffine L01

One natural p‐terphenyl glycoside, gliocladinin C, and two furano‐polyene derivatives, chaetominins A and B, were isolated from potato endophytic fungus Chaetomium subaffine. The absolute configurations of these compounds were elucidated by HR‐ESI‐MS, NMR, the DP4+ probabilities and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Furthermore, gliocladinin C and chaetominin A showed cytotoxic activity against two selected human tumor cell lines (Hep‐2 and HepG‐2).     

紫苏内生真菌Aspergillus sp.12Y03化学成分研究

采用硅胶柱层析和Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析等分离方法,从紫苏内生真菌Aspergillus sp.12Y03发酵产物中分离鉴定了10个化合物,经现代光谱学技术鉴定为:环-(脯氨酸-甘氨酸)(1)、环-(脯氨酸-丝氨酸)(2)、环-(丝氨酸-4-OH-脯氨酸)(3)、环-(丙氨酸-4-OH-脯氨酸)(4)、环-(苯丙氨酸-甘氨酸)(5)、环-(丙氨酸-甘氨酸)(6)、亚油酸(7)、α-亚麻酸(8)、cerevisterol(9)和22E,24R-5α,6α-环氧麦角甾-8(14),22-二烯-3β,7α-二醇(10),均为首次从该菌种中分离得到,化合物3和4具有中等强度的海虾致死活性。     

Caetea, a new genus of Pucciniales on Piptadenia (Fabaceae) from Brazil

A new genus of rust fungi (Basidiomycota, Pucciniales), with species type Caetea itatiaiaensis, was collected on Piptadenia (Fabaceae) at the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia in the Serra da Mantiqueira, states of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais, Brazil. This genus is delimited as (i) three-celled teliospores borne on a single pedicel each with a corresponding apical cell and (ii) apical cells giving rise to distally capitate cysts that overhang the teliospore cells.