Six new norditerpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium elatum

Six new C₁₉-norditerpenoid alkaloids, N-formyl-4,19-secopacinine (1), iminoisodelpheline (2), iminodelpheline (3), iminopaciline (4), 6-dehydroeladine (5), and elapacidine (6) were isolated from Delphinium elatum cv. Pacific Giant.     

Four new diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium elatum

Diterpenoid alkaloids exhibit remarkable chemical properties and biological activities. Such compounds are frequently found in plants of the genera Aconitum, Delphinium, and Garrya. Several diterpenoid alkaloid components from Delphinium elatum cv. Pacific Giant and their derivatives exhibited cytotoxic activity against lung, prostate, nasopharyngeal, and vincristine-resistant nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines. Phytochemical investigations on the seeds of D. elatum cv. Pacific Giant led to the isolation of four new C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids, melpheline (1), 19-oxoisodelpheline (2), N-deethyl-19-oxoisodelpheline (3), and N-deethyl-19-oxodelpheline (4). The isolated alkaloids were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including NMR (1D and 2D), IR, and MS (HRMS).     

新疆翠雀属(毛茛科)一新种——文采新翠雀花

报道了产于中国新疆天山的翠雀属(毛茛科)一新种——文采新翠雀花Delphinium neowentsaii C. Y. Yang。该种的叶为肾形,叶柄基部不扩展,花较小,组成稀疏总状花序,花梗被贴伏短柔毛,上萼片的距圆锥状钻形,长13-15 mm,基部宽约3 mm,外面疏被短柔毛,萼片蓝色,与西伯利亚的疏花翠雀花D. laxiflorum DC.很相似,但其花瓣和退化雄蕊均为淡黄色而易于区别。     

Uraline, a new norditerpenoid alkaloid from aerial parts of Delphinium uralense nevski

Uraline, a new norditerpenoid alkaloid, was isolated from aerial parts of Delphinium uralense. The structure of 1alpha,7,8-trihydroxy-6beta,14alpha,16beta-trimethoxy-18-N-(2-methyl)succinylanthranoyloxyaconane was ascribed to the new compound on the basis of 1H and 13C NMR, IR, and mass spectra. The known alkaloids methyllycaconitine and delcorine were also isolated from the plant.     

A critical review and a new proposal of karyotype asymmetry indices

In literature seven different methods of evaluating karyotype asymmetry – the TF%, the As K%, Stebbins' classification, the Rec and the Syi, the A₁ and the A₂, the DI, and the A – are used for the elucidation of phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic treatments within a particular group or taxon. The investigation of these seven methods reveals that the intervals used by Stebbins to separate the different types of karyotype asymmetry are very broad and only one quantitative parameter, the A₂ index, correctly describes the variation in chromosome length in a complement. A new asymmetry index (AI) is proposed to measure karyotype asymmetry and a new parameter, the CV_CI, is offered, that precisely assesses the relative variation in centromere position in a complement. The AI index, the CV_CI and the CV_CL (=A₂ × 100) have the potential to display even minor karyotypic variations. Thus, these three indices together increase the precision of results in comparison with other existing methods. All this has important consequences as regards the interpretation of the results of karyological studies.     

四川翠雀属三新种

描述了在中国四川发现的毛茛科翠雀属三新种:拟直距翠雀花Delphinium orthocentroides W.T.Wang,宽爪翠雀花D.platyony chinum W.T.Wang和大藏翠雀花D.dazangense W.T.Wang。     

A new Delphinium subsp. firom Formentera (Balearic Islands)

A new subspecies, Delphinium pentagynum subsp. formsnteranum N. Torres, L. Sáez, Rosselló & C. Blanché, is described from the island of Formentera (pytiusic Islands, Balearic archipelago). The new plant differs typical D. pentagynum by the narrower sepals and smaller size of the corolla, spur, and follicles. Both D. pentagynum subsp. pentagynum and D. pentagynum subsp. formenteranum have 2n= 16 chromosomes and share similar karyotypes. The new taxon is regarded as a schizoendemic and dry island vicariant of Iberian and North African populations of D. pentagynum subsp. pentagynum which probably evolved under insular isolation. After revision of its conservation status, it should be considered as critically endangered (CR) following the IUCN criteria.     

A new karyotype in Callicebus torquatus (Cebidae, Primates)

We describe a new karyotype of Callicebus torquatus using conventional staining, G-banding with Wright Stain, CBG, Ag-NOR staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with human telomere probes and comparative analysis with the previously reported karyotype of C. torquatus torquatus (2n = 20). We studied a female specimen maintained in captivity at the Centro Nacional de Primatas (Para, Brazil). This titi monkey presented 2n = 22, with four large biarmed and six acrocentric autosome pairs; the X chromosome is a medium submetacentric. C-bands were revealed at the centromeric region of all acrocentrics and X chromosome; punctual C-bands also are visualized at the centromeric region in the large biarmed pairs. The NOR site was located at the long arm of pair 4, at the position of a conspicuous secondary constriction. Hybridization signals were detected exclusively at the terminal region of all chromosomes. The karyotype described here has one acrocentric pair more than that found in the literature and also differs by amount and distribution of constitutive heterochromatin. Our data support the notion that the torquatus group may be composed of distinct species, each with its own karyotype.     

石蒜新核型及染色体数目在安徽的发现

对安徽省马鞍山的石蒜居群进行了核型分析 ,发现了石蒜的一种新的染色体数目及核型。按Levan等 (1 964)标准 ,核型公式为 2n =2 4=6m +8sm +6st+4t,为 3A核型 (Stebbin,1 971 )。与目前国内外学者的观察结果差异很大。马鞍山居群的新染色体数目及核型均为首次报道。     

Fluorescent-banded karyotype of a hybrid macaque

Fluorescent banding of the karyotype of the hybrid macaque offspring of a Macaca mulatta-Macaca nemestrina mating demonstrated homology of all chromosome pairs. Karyotype banding studies of other interspecific primate hybrids will lead to a better understanding of cytotaxonomic relationships.     

Three new C19-diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium tianshanicum W. T. Wang

Three new C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids, tianshanisine (1), tianshanine (2) and tianshanidine (3), together with six known C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids (4–9) were isolated from the whole herb of Delphinium tianshanicum W. T. Wang. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including HR-ESI-MS and 1D and 2D NMR.     

云南野生翠雀属花卉资源

本文报道云南省野生翠雀属花卉资源的特点、分布、观赏性状及园林用途,并提出开发利用建议.