High-Power Neutral Beam Injector with Tunable Beam Energy for Plasma Heating and Stabilization

Plasma Physics Reports - For plasma heating and stabilization in open magnetic traps, the high-power neutral beam injector with tunable beam energy was developed at Budker Institute of Nuclear...     

Beam Steering of a Terahertz Semi Bow Tie Antenna Using Parasitic Graphene Ribbons

Plasmonics - In this paper, a reconfigurable beam-scanning planar antenna is proposed in terahertz frequencies. The presented structure consists of a semi bow tie antenna surrounded by circularly...     

Multi-Chord Beam Diagnostics of Plasma at the GOL-NB Device

Plasma Physics Reports - Abstract—A multi-chord beam diagnostic system for an open multiple-mirror trap GOL-NB is described. The system is based on a 10 keV ribbon beam of fast neutral...     

Model of a Plasma Layer Formed by an Electron Beam

Plasma Physics Reports - Results are presented of the particle-in-cell numerical simulations by the KARAT code of the formation of a plasma–beam discharge in the absence of both the...     

Density Profile of a Plasma Layer Formed by an Electron Beam

Plasma Physics Reports - Results of particle-in-cell simulation of the formation of a near-wall plasma layer produced by an ionization source remote from the chamber walls are verified...     

Microwave Beam Bifurcation in an Inhomogeneous Plasma: Modeling by Ray Methods

Plasma Physics Reports - Modification of the beam tracing method for numerical simulations is proposed that allows one to use it in the zones of the microwave beam bifurcation, which is accompanied...     

Steering growth cones with a CaMKII/calcineurin switch

Calcium can regulate and induce both attractive and repulsive turnings by growth cones. In this issue of Neuron, Wen et al. report that differential activations of CaMKII and calcineurin (CaN) act as the read out for distinct patterns of intracellular calcium signals and a switch between attraction and repulsion.     

Electronic Beam Switching of Circularly Polarized Plasma Magneto-Electric Dipole Array with Multiple Beams

In this paper, different array arrangements based on magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna with wideband circular polarization (CP) characteristics are designed and investigated. Planar, triangular prism, square prism, and hexagonal prism array arrangements are considered. Each prism face has a sub-array comprises 2 × 2 ME-dipole elements. Each sub-array has wide impedance matching of 73.7%, a maximum gain of 16.6 dBi, and CP bandwidth of 78.2%. It employs the plasma frequency of the ME-dipole antenna to control its radiation characteristics. Frequency-independent lumped element equivalent circuit is constructed for a single antenna element. It is used to represent the antenna input impedance at different plasma electron densities with fixed physical structure. The proposed equivalent circuit comprises a single series section used for matching enhancement with feeder circuit, and three parallel tuned circuits corresponding to the three resonance frequencies in the input impedance. The best values of the equivalent circuit elements are computed using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. Different array arrangements, planar, triangular, square, and hexagonal prism are designed to create single or multiple beams in different directions. An electronic beam switching is achieved by tuning in the plasma inside the ME-dipole in the desired direction. The radiation characteristics are analyzed and investigated using the finite integration technique (FIT).

     

Neural Mechanisms Underlying Axial/Appendicular Steering Reactions in Locust Flight

SYNOPSIS. Steering during flight in the locust involves complexchanges in wingbeat, bending of thorax and head, and rudderingmovements of abdomen and hindlegs. Most of these behavioralsubcomponents involve coordinated modification of axial andappendicular musculature control. Some of the mechanisms underlyingthis neural modification have been analysed at the cellularlevel. During steering via wingbeat, sensory information aboutcourse deviations leads to highly coordinated and asymmetricchanges in the flight motor's output through the following mechanisms.Identified feature detector neurons in the locust brain integratesensory information concerning specific types of course deviation.Each of these descending detector neurons makes connectionswith a population of thoracic interneurons. These thoracic interneuronshave two important properties. First, they relay deviation informationto flight motoneurons. Second, they are under the gating controlof the flight central oscillator. Through this gating controlthe descending sensory signal is phase-coupled to the flightrhythm and delivered to appropriate flight motoneurons in oneand the same step. Although most of the recent cellular studieshave been aimed at unraveling the neural basis of wingbeat alterations,similar (but not identical) principles of neural organizationseem to be involved in the steering reactions produced by axialmotor systems.     

Cherenkov Excitation of Spatial Waves by a Straight Nonrelativistic Electron Beam in a Plasma Waveguide

The problem of the excitation of plasma waves by a thin-walled annular electron beam in a waveguide filled entirely with a plasma is analyzed in the quasistatic approximation. The instability growth rates are derived and are studied as functions of the waveguide parameters. The evolution of different seed perturbations in the nonlinear stage of the instability is investigated.     

Terahertz Quasi-TEM Mode Tunable Composite Right/Left-Handed Leaky-Wave Antennas Using Graphene-Based Coplanar Waveguides

Plasmonics - A novel and simple scheme for the realization of the terahertz (THz) fundamental-mode composite right/left-handed leaky-wave antennas (CRLH LWAs) is proposed. The CRLH LWAs are...     

Plasma/serum proteomics: pre-analytical issues

High-throughput proteomics technologies tend to provide highly sensitive information about living tissues and biological fluids. Analytes are characterized by intrinsic and extrinsic properties, the latter depending on each phase of their preparation, sometimes adding artifacts with crucial repercussions in result reliability and interpretation. This review aims to address some issues that can be encountered when handling plasma and serum in experimental and clinical proteomic settings.     

Plasma/serum proteomics: pre-analytical issues

High-throughput proteomics technologies tend to provide highly sensitive information about living tissues and biological fluids. Analytes are characterized by intrinsic and extrinsic properties, the latter depending on each phase of their preparation, sometimes adding artifacts with crucial repercussions in result reliability and interpretation. This review aims to address some issues that can be encountered when handling plasma and serum in experimental and clinical proteomic settings.     

血清／血浆microRNA及其应用

微小核糖核酸（microRNA,miRNA）在生物体的生长、发育及疾病的发生发展等过程中起着十分重要的作用。目前,人们关注的主要是miRNA在组织细胞内的功能。然而,最近的研究发现血清／血浆中存在一些循环的miRNA,血清／血浆miRNA在肿瘤、糖尿病等多种疾病中呈特异性表达,提示血清miRNA可作为潜在的生物标记物用于疾病的诊断和治疗。     

Nonlinear Stabilization of Resistive Instability of a Tubular Charged Particle Beam Moving above a Solid-State Plasma Cylinder

Plasma Physics Reports - Nonlinear stabilization of instability of an infinitely thin tubular electron beam moving along the surface of a solid-state plasma cylinder is analyzed. It is assumed that...     

RS-20MR High-Current Relativistic Electron Beam Generator Based on a Plasma Opening Switch and Its Applications

Plasma Physics Reports - A modified scheme of the RS-20MR generator is presented that can be used not only as a source of high-power pulsed hard X-ray emission (the dose power per 1-L volume in...     

Nonlinear Wave Interaction with Positron Beam in a Relativistic Plasma: Evaluation of Hypersonic Dust Ion Acoustic Waves

Plasma Physics Reports - We studied the propagation of small-amplitude dust ion acoustic (DIA) solitary waves in four-component relativistic plasma comprised of nonthermal electrons, mobile...     

Generation of a Beam of Fast Electrons,Plasma Bremsstrahlung,and Characteristic Radiation in a High-Current Z-Pinch

Plasma Physics Reports - The generation of accelerated electron beams in a high-current Z-pinch formed by the implosion of wire cylindrical tungsten arrays on an Angara-5-1 facility is studied. The...     

Plasma amino acids in 3/sec spike-wave epilepsy

Plasma levels of 14 amino acids were determined in 44 probands with 3/sec spike-wave epilepsy, 27 of their first-degree relatives, and 22 controls. Six ratios of metabolically related amino acids were also calculated. Statistically significant differences were found for 7/20 variables when the experimental and control probands were compared, and for 6/20 variables when the relatives were compared with controls. Tau, Asp, and Tau/Glu were decreased and Glu was increased in both the experimental probands and their first degree relatives. When discriminant analysis was used, age- and sex-matched epileptic probands could be distinguished from the age- and sex-matched control probands with 100% accuracy employing only 3 amino acids (Asp, Glu, Val) and one ratio (Thr/Ser).