Restraining Lysosomal Activity Preserves Hematopoietic Stem Cell Quiescence and Potency

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OGT Regulates Hematopoietic Stem Cell Maintenance via PINK1-Dependent Mitophagy

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Vimentin Coordinates Protein Turnover at the Aggresome during Neural Stem Cell Quiescence Exit

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造血干细胞移植条件对小鼠造血重建的影响

通过同种基因型小鼠构建造血干细胞移植模型,将预处理的全骨髓单个核细胞或c-Kit⁺造血干细胞移植至致死剂量照射的受体小鼠体内,动态监测移植2～16周后受体小鼠体内供体来源细胞造血重建以及嵌合情况,以期揭示不同群体的供体细胞以及预处理等因素对小鼠造血干细胞移植后造血重建的影响。实验结果显示,移植后早期(2周)全骨髓单个核细胞组髓系比例要高于c-Kit⁺细胞移植组,但全骨髓移植组受体小鼠呈现出较大的移植后不良反应,出现脱毛、食欲不振以及体重减轻的症状。c-Kit⁺细胞移植组在淋系重建上要早于全骨髓移植组,供体细胞的嵌合植入也早于全骨髓移植组,但两组实验组最终均能完成造血重建过程。实验结果表明c-Kit⁺细胞移植组在移植后能够较快地实现供体细胞植入,进而开始造血重建,且c-Kit⁺细胞移植组的不良反应要低于全骨髓移植组。结果说明在整体造血重建效果上c-Kit⁺细胞移植组要优于全骨髓移植组。     

Modest Declines in Proteome Quality Impair Hematopoietic Stem Cell Self-Renewal

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An ERK-Dependent Feedback Mechanism Prevents Hematopoietic Stem Cell Exhaustion

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异基因造血干细胞移植中的树突状细胞

树突状细胞(DC)是目前已知的启动免疫反应最强大的抗原呈递细胞(APC),也是惟一能激活初始T细胞的APC。近年来,DC在移植免疫中的作用已成为研究的焦点。简要综述了DC在异基因造血干细胞移植中的研究进展。     

MicroRNA调控造血干细胞发育

造血干细胞是目前研究最为深入的成体干细胞,是极富应用前景的研究领域,然而其维持自我更新以及多向分化潜能的分子机制尚不明.MicroRNA (miRNA)是一类崭新的调控性非编码小分子RNA,在监控生物体个体发育和细胞增殖、分化进程中起着重要作用.miRNA参与包括胚胎干细胞和多种成体干细胞的发育进程,人类造血干细胞及其发育过程中也存在特征性miRNA表达谱,参与调控造血干细胞发育进程,以miRNA为分子靶点的防治造血功能低下疾患的研究具有广阔的应用前景.     

Ptpn21 Controls Hematopoietic Stem Cell Homeostasis and Biomechanics

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综述: 造血干细胞衰老的研究进展

成体干细胞衰老是组织器官老化的重要原因之一.越来越多的证据显示,免疫系统的衰老起始于造血干细胞(HSC)功能的下降,即造血干细胞的衰老直接影响免疫系统的功能.然而,有关HSC衰老的机理和分子机制仍旧不清楚.在这篇综述中,我们总结了造血干细胞衰老的表型,同时从细胞内在及外在两个方面探讨论了HSC衰老的分子机制.     

Nidogen-1 Contributes to the Interaction Network Involved in Pro-B Cell Retention in the Peri-sinusoidal Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche

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Quiescence Modulates Stem Cell Maintenance and Regenerative Capacity in the Aging Brain

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Large-Scale Clonal Analysis Resolves Aging of the Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cell Compartment

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Novel Tools for Genetic Manipulation of Follicle Stem Cells in the Drosophila Ovary Reveal an Integrin-Dependent Transition from Quiescence to Proliferation

In many tissues, the presence of stem cells is inferred by the capacity of the tissue to maintain homeostasis and undergo repair after injury. Isolation of self-renewing cells with the ability to generate the full array of cells within a given tissue strongly supports this idea, but the identification and genetic manipulation of individual stem cells within their niche remain a challenge. Here we present novel methods for marking and genetically altering epithelial follicle stem cells (FSCs) within the Drosophila ovary. Using these new tools, we define a sequential multistep process that comprises transitioning of FSCs from quiescence to proliferation. We further demonstrate that integrins are cell-autonomously required within FSCs to provide directional signals that are necessary at each step of this process. These methods may be used to define precise roles for specific genes in the sequential events that occur during FSC division after a period of quiescence.     

低氧环境中微囊化成骨细胞支持造血干/祖细胞扩增

在模拟骨髓造血壁龛(hematopoietic niche)的氧分压条件下,探讨微囊化成骨细胞(osteoblasts,OB)对脐血造血干/祖细胞(HSPC)体外扩增的支持和调控机理．分离培养人髂骨OB,采用聚电解质络合法将第3代的OB以密度为8×105 ml包埋在直径为0.5 mm的明胶-海藻酸钠-壳聚糖(GAC)微胶珠中．将微珠+造血干/祖细胞(A′组)、造血干/祖细胞(B′组)及微珠(C′组)置于6孔板,在5%氧分压下进行培养．同时在20%常氧条件下设置同样分组培养作为对照(A,B,C)．通过流式细胞分析和半固体细胞集落培养,观察比较各培养体系中造血干/祖细胞的扩增,并检测体系内白血病抑制因子(LIF)和白介素-6(IL-6)的含量变化以探讨作用机理．经过倒置相差显微镜观察,人成骨细胞在微珠中分散均匀,生长状态良好．微珠内部有丰富的孔道供营养物质传递,有大量造血干/祖细胞弱黏附于微珠表面．经过7天的培养,A′、B′、A、B四组造血细胞的扩增倍数分别为(49.0 ± 4.6),(3.3 ± 0.5),(17.7 ± 1.2)和(1.9 ± 0.2)．A′、B′、A 组的CD34+细胞分别扩增了(87.6 ± 8.3), (2.2 ± 0.3)和(14.9 ± 1.0)倍,B组则出现下降．A′、B′、A、B四组CFU-Cs集落扩增倍数分别为(9.8 ± 0.8),(3.5 ± 0.4), (6.9 ± 0.7)和(2.6 ± 0.2)．低氧共培养体系比常氧共培养体系和非共培养体系对造血干/祖细胞的扩增有更大的促进作用．A′、B′、C′中IL-6和LIF含量明显高于对应的A、B、C组,与扩增倍数的差异相对应．微囊化成骨细胞对造血干/祖细胞扩增有明显的促进作用,5%氧分压接近体内造血壁龛氧环境,在此环境中成骨细胞分泌细胞因子量增多并通过其对造血干/祖细胞的扩增进行调节．     

miRNA-34c inhibits myoblasts proliferation by targeting YY1

miRNAs are increasingly being implicated as key regulators of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. miRNA-34c appears to play a crucial role in cancer pathogenesis wherein it exerts its effect as a tumor suppressor. However, the role of miR-34c in myoblast proliferation remains poorly understood. Here, we found that overexpression miR-34c inhibited myoblasts proliferation by reducing the protein and mRNA expression of cell cycle genes. In contrast, blocking the function of miR-34c promoted myoblasts proliferation and increased the protein and mRNA expression of cell cycle genes. Moreover, miR-34c directly targeted YY1 and inhibited its expression. Similar to overexpression miR-34c, knockdown of YY1 by siRNA suppressed myoblasts proliferation. Our study provides novel evidence for a role of miR-34c in inhibiting myoblasts proliferation by repressing YY1. Thus, miR-34c has the potential to be used to enhance skeletal muscle development and regeneration.     

Rapid Mobilization Reveals a Highly Engraftable Hematopoietic Stem Cell

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