乌金草挥发油镇痛作用的研究

采用热板法和醋酸扭体法两种经典的镇痛模型对乌金草挥发油进行了初步的镇痛作用研究。结果表明,乌金草挥发性成分具有显著的镇痛作用,能明显延长小鼠热板痛阈值,有效降低小鼠因醋酸所致扭体反应次数。在给药1mL/kg剂量和2mL/kg剂量时,该挥发油均具有明显的镇痛效果,且有一定的量效关系。     

白芷乙醇提取物镇痛作用研究

目的:观察白芷乙醇提取物(EEAD)的镇痛作用。方法:各组小鼠连续灌胃不同剂量的白芷乙醇提取物3d,末次给药后1 h。以热板致痛法、醋酸扭体法为疼痛模型,生理盐水为阴性对照药,阿司匹林为阳性对照药,考察白芷乙醇提取物的镇痛作用。结果:白芷提取物可显著延长小鼠热板反应的潜伏期,及扭体反应出现的时间。结论:白芷乙醇提取物镇痛作用明确。     

补佳乐联合缩宫素建立小鼠原发性痛经模型

目的建立小鼠原发性痛经模型。方法不同剂量补佳乐给近交系BALB/c小鼠连续灌胃,末次给药后腹腔注射缩宫素,诱发扭体反应,记录扭体潜伏期和扭体次数,筛选最佳条件。结果补佳乐最佳剂量为0.5 mg/kg;催产素最佳剂量为每只2 U;补佳乐灌胃后1 h为观察扭体反应的最佳时间,用药周期第3天时扭体次数开始增多;从第4天开始维持在高水平。结论补佳乐联合缩宫素可以成功建立小鼠原发性痛经模型。     

胃饥饿素对小鼠急性肺损伤的保护作用及其机制研究

目的 探讨胃饥饿素对小鼠急性肺损伤的保护作用和机制.方法 将60只小鼠采用随机数字表法分为6组:对照组、模型组、胃饥饿素低、中、高剂量组和地塞米松组.对照组和模型组腹腔注射0.2 mL生理盐水,胃饥饿素各组分别注射400、200、100 μg/kg溶液,地塞米松组注射2 mg/kg.给药后1h,对照组滴注等体积生理盐水...     

岩白菜素两个衍生物的合成及镇痛活性研究

本文研究两个岩白菜素衍生物的合成及其镇痛活性.以岩白菜素为原料,通过选择性磺酰化和曼尼希反应各自得到一个产物.采用小鼠扭体法检测两个化合物的镇痛活性.两个化合物分别在剂量为60 mg/kg,100 mg/kg时可明显抑制小鼠扭体次数,试药组与生理盐水组比较差异具有显著性意义(P<0.05).对比两衍生物的结构提示镇痛活性可能与岩白菜素的基本骨架有关.     

荣骨定痛膏的镇痛抗炎作用及其机制

目的:研究荣骨定痛膏镇痛、抗炎作用及其机制。方法:采用热板法、醋酸扭体法来观测荣骨定痛膏的镇痛作用,采用耳廓肿胀法、足肿胀法来考察荣骨定痛膏的抗炎作用,测定渗出液中总蛋白与白三烯B4(LTB4)来研究荣骨定痛膏的抗炎机制。在给药的基础上观测痛阈值、肿胀度等指标;复制气囊滑膜炎,取小鼠66只,随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组(扶他林0.8 mg/d)、荣骨定痛膏低、中、高剂量组(荣骨定痛膏30 mg/d、60 mg/d、120 mg/d)进行实验。结果:30 mg/d、60 mg/d、120 mg/d的荣骨定痛膏可明显提高小鼠热板痛阈延长百分率、延长扭体潜伏期并减少15 min内的扭体次数,缓解小鼠耳廓肿胀度与足肿胀度(P0.05,P0.01),显示出一定的抗炎、镇痛作用。对气囊滑膜炎模型动物,30 mg/d、60 mg/d、120 mg/d荣骨定痛膏可降低渗出物中总蛋白及LTB4的含量(P0.05,P0.01)。结论:荣骨定痛膏具有一定的镇痛抗炎作用,抑制LTB4的合成是其抗炎机制之一。     

元胡止痛胶囊的含药血清对痛经模型动物的影响

目的采用血清药理学实验方法 ,观察元胡止痛胶囊的含药血清对痛经模型动物的影响。方法缩宫素诱发大鼠痛经模型和前列腺素E诱发小鼠痛经模型法,对大鼠离体子宫收缩活动的影响。结果元胡止痛胶囊的含药血清能减少缩宫素所致大鼠扭体反应次数和前列腺素E1所致小鼠扭体反应次数,并能拮抗缩宫素对大鼠离体子宫的收缩作用。结论元胡止痛胶囊的含药血清对痛经模型动物有镇痛作用,并对大鼠离体子宫收缩有解痉作用。     

新加良附方对移植性小鼠肝癌抑制率及其凋亡影响研究

目的:观察新加良附方对移植性小鼠肝癌(H22)生长抑制作用及其对肿瘤组织中Bcl-2和Bax表达影响。方法:建立移植型H22动物模型,并将动物模型随机分模型对照、环磷酰胺(CTX)与新加良附方大、中、小剂量5组。新加良附大、中、小剂量组给药量分别为10g/kg、5g/kg和2.5g/kg;CTX组给药计量为17mg/kg;模型组给予等量无菌生理盐水。连续给药、给水12天处死模型小鼠分离肿瘤,检测肿瘤大小、称重计算肿瘤抑制率,并将肿瘤组织切片,免疫组化法检测Bcl-2和Bax基因。结果:新加良附大剂量组肿瘤抑制率为48.5%,与模型对照组比较,有统计学意义(P<0.01);新加良附大、中剂量可降低肿瘤组织中Bcl-2蛋白基因表达,升高Bax蛋白基因表达,与模型组比较,有显著性差异(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:新加良附方可抑制H22瘤体生长,且下调Bcl-2蛋白基因表达,上调Bax基因,提示新加良附方在抗肿瘤方面具有进一步深入研究价值。     

不同剂量朱砂七总蒽醌对H22荷瘤小鼠免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响

目的:探讨不同剂量朱砂七总蒽醌对H22荷瘤小鼠免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响。方法:选取清洁级昆明小鼠60只,按照随机数字表法分为正常对照组、H22荷瘤组、环磷酰胺组、低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组,每组各10只。除正常对照组外,其余5组小鼠建立H22荷瘤小鼠模型。低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组分别给予0.3 g/kg、0.6 g/kg、1.2 g/kg的朱砂七总蒽醌悬浊液干预,环磷酰胺组给予0.02 g/kg的环磷酰胺干预,正常对照组和H22荷瘤组给予等剂量的1%的羧甲基纤维素钠干预。比较各组小鼠的肿瘤体质量、抑瘤率、T淋巴细胞亚群以及血清超氧化歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平。结果:环磷酰胺组、高剂量组的肿瘤体质量低于低剂量组,抑瘤率高于低剂量组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。高剂量组的CD4+、CD4+/CD8+均高于环磷酰胺组、低剂量组、中剂量组,CD8+低于环磷酰胺组、低剂量组、中剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。高剂量组血清SOD、GSH-Px水平高于其他5组,MDA、LDH水平低于H22荷瘤组、低剂量组、中剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:朱砂七总蒽醌具有明显的抗肿瘤作用,可增强小鼠的免疫功能和抗氧化能力,且具有剂量效应。     

龙丹生血颗粒对骨髓抑制小鼠血象与巨核细胞影响的研究

目的:用环磷酰胺(CTX)复制小鼠骨髓抑制动物模型,观察龙丹生血颗粒对模型动物血液学检查和骨髓巨核细胞的影响。方法:70只昆明种小鼠标记后,除空白组外,其余动物首次尾静脉注射给予环磷酰胺200 mg/kg,第二天后改用每天腹腔注射30mg/kg,连续6天之后,断尾采血行血液学检查。挑选外周血血小板较正常组减少至30%以上的小鼠,随机分为模型、白介素-11、升血小板胶囊、龙丹生血颗粒大、中、小剂量6组,每组10只。龙丹生血颗粒大、中、小剂量组分别灌胃龙丹生血颗粒浸膏粉混悬液13.75 g生药/kg、6.88 g生药/kg、3.44 g生药/kg;升血小板胶囊组灌胃1.125 g内容物/kg;白介素-11组皮下注射白介素-11250μg/kg;正常组、模型组灌胃饮用水。各组每天给药1次,灌胃容积0.2 mL/10g,连续14天。分别于给药第7天、14天采血行外周血象检查,末次采血后处死动物,取股骨骨髓做骨髓涂片,光镜检查分类计数巨核细胞数量。结果:以给药后与给药前差值统计,龙丹生血颗粒大、中剂量组小鼠外周血PLT(给药14天)、WBC(给药7天)比模型组差值明显增大(P0.01或P0.05);龙丹生血颗粒各剂量组给药7天、14天的RBC、Hgb比模型组同期差值明显增大(P0.01或P0.05);龙丹生血颗粒中剂量组小鼠骨髓巨核细胞总数、颗粒巨核细胞比模型组显著增加(P0.05)。结论:龙丹生血颗粒对环磷酰胺导致小鼠外周血PLT、WBC、RBC、Hgb减少具有治疗作用,但对骨髓巨核细胞的恢复作用有待进一步证实。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.