空间转录组技术研究进展

空间转录组技术旨在对细胞的基因表达进行定量测量,同时提供细胞在组织空间的具体位置信息.与传统的转录组技术相比,空间转录组技术能获得细胞在组织生理环境下真实的基因表达特征,以及与微环境的关系,进一步推进对正常和病理状态下细胞特性的理解.近年来,空间转录组技术的发展取得了重要的进展,检测的细胞通量、转录本数量和质量不断提高...     

Spatial mapping of cancer tissues by OMICS technologies

Spatial mapping of heterogeneity in gene expression in cancer tissues can improve our understanding of cancers and help in the rapid detection of cancers with high accuracy and reliability. Significant advancements have been made in recent years in OMICS technologies, which possess the strong potential to be applied in the spatial mapping of biopsy tissue samples and their molecular profiling to a single-cell level. The clinical application of OMICS technologies in spatial profiling of cancer tissues is also advancing. The current review presents recent advancements and prospects of applying OMICS technologies to the spatial mapping of various analytes in cancer tissues. We benchmark the current state of the art in the field to advance existing OMICS technologies for high throughput spatial profiling. The factors taken into consideration include spatial resolution, types of biomolecules, number of different biomolecules that can be detected from the same assay, labeled versus label-free approaches, and approximate time required for each assay. Further advancements are still needed for the widespread application of OMICs technologies in performing fast and high throughput spatial mapping of cancer tissues as well as their effective use in research and clinical applications.     

核糖体图谱技术在植物学研究中的应用

随着高通量测序技术的持续发展和进步,开发出很多新颖的测序技术,为诸多悬而未决的生物学难题提供了解决方案。其中,核糖体图谱技术能够在全基因组水平和单核苷酸分辨率上监控细胞内的翻译事件,填补了转录组学和蛋白质组学研究之间的空隙。核糖体图谱技术不仅能够鉴定处于翻译状态的RNA分子,还能够精确定位RNA分子上正在翻译的核苷酸,进而准确描绘RNA分子上的开放阅读框。此外,结合转录组测序数据,核糖体图谱技术还可以确定每个转录本上的核糖体数量,从而计算每个转录本的翻译效率。目前,核糖体图谱技术已成功应用于动物、植物和微生物等研究领域,加深了人们对翻译调控机制的认识。然而,由于植物细胞和组织的特性,核糖体图谱技术在植物学研究中的应用仍然存在局限。该文综述了核糖体图谱技术的实验原理,以及在植物学研究中的相关进展。