长白山地区产18种根类药材对四氯化碳肝损伤的影响

目的 研究18种药材水提物对小鼠SGPT和SGOT的影响。方法 在四氯化碳所致小鼠急性肝损伤的血清中检测SGTP和SGOT值。结果 东当归、党参、莪术、北龙胆、茜草、黄芪、川芎和北柴胡水提物显著抑制四氯化碳所致小鼠SGTP和SGOT值升高。结论 东当归等8药材水提取对四氯化碳损伤具有保护作用。     

兖州卷柏水提物对四氯化碳致小鼠肝损伤的保护作用和抗氧化活性（英文）

研究兖州卷柏对四氯化碳(CCl4)致小鼠肝损伤的保护效果。昆明小鼠随机分为6组(n=8):正常组、CCl4模型组、水飞蓟素对照组、兖州卷柏水提物(高、中、低)剂量组(400、200、100 mg/kg)。各组连续灌胃给药9d后,除正常组外,其余各组用CCl4溶液(2 m L/kg)灌胃。结果显示兖州卷柏能显著的抑制肝损伤血清中SGOT、SGPT、ALP、LDH、胆固醇和胆红素升高(P0.01)。兖州卷柏能降低损伤肝组织的脂肪含量,局灶性坏死,中心静脉充血和正弦空间拥塞。体外抗氧化实验表明兖州卷柏抗氧化活性指标T-AOC、LPO、T-SOD和NO的IC50值明显高于维生素C(P0.05)。提示兖州卷柏水提物可能通过其抗氧化活性对四氯化碳致小鼠肝损伤产生保护效果。     

杭白菊保肝作用研究

本实验对杭白菊的保肝作用进行了研究。以四氯化碳诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤为模型,将杭白菊乙醇提取物和多糖部分分为高、中、低三个剂量组,以联苯双酯为阳性对照,灌胃给药8 d,分别测定血清谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、肝匀浆丙二醛(MDA)、肝匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)。结果表明:杭白菊乙醇提取物和多糖部分高剂量组对血清GPT、GOT具有显著的抑制作用,杭白菊乙醇提取物高剂量组显著拮抗肝脏MDA的升高。表明杭白菊有保护四氯化碳所致肝损伤的作用。     

禹州漏芦醇提物对四氯化碳所致小鼠急性肝损伤的影响

探讨禹州漏芦乙醇提取物对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。以CCl4诱导小鼠急性肝损伤模型,检测血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性,同时测定肝匀浆中的超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性和丙二醛(MDA)的水平。将肝大叶HE染色,观察各组小鼠的肝组织病理改变。结果表明,同模型组比较,禹州漏芦乙醇提取物各剂量组均能降低小鼠血清中ALT、AST及MDA活性,升高肝组织中GSH-Px和SOD的活性,并能明显改善肝组织的病理学损伤。禹州漏芦乙醇提取物对CCl4所致小鼠急性肝损伤具有较好保肝作用,其作用可能与清除体内自由基和抗氧化的作用有关。     

冬虫夏草菌丝提取物对化学性肝损伤的辅助保护作用

为明确冬虫夏草菌丝提取物对急性肝损伤小鼠谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、肝细胞变性及坏死程度的影响,采用四氯化碳（CCl4）诱导小鼠急性化学性肝损伤模型,将动物随机分成5组,分别是空白对照组、模型组、冬虫夏草菌丝提取物低剂量组（1.11g/kg BW）、中剂量组（3.33g/kg BW）、高剂量组（10.00g/kg BW）,检测血清ALT、AST值,并取肝脏作病理切片,观察肝脏的病理损伤情况。冬虫夏草菌丝提取物高剂量组能明显降低CCl4急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT值,减轻肝细胞坏死程度,表明冬虫夏草菌丝提取物对化学性肝损伤有辅助保护功能。     

茵栀黄注射液对四氯化碳和硫代乙酰胺致小鼠肝脏损伤的保护作用

目的 :研究茵栀黄注射液对四氯化碳 (CCl4 )和硫代乙酰胺 (TAA)所致小鼠肝脏损伤的保护作用。方法 :采用四氯化碳和硫代乙酰胺造成小鼠化学性损伤 ,观察茵栀黄注射液的保护作用。结果 :小鼠静脉注射茵栀黄注射液能明显降低CCl4 和TAA所致小鼠血清ALT和AST水平 ,并可显著改善小鼠肝损伤的病变程度。结论 :茵栀黄注射液对CCl4 和TAA所致小鼠肝损伤具有保护作用     

茵栀黄注射液对四氯化碳和硫化乙酰胺致小鼠肝脏损伤的保护作用

目的：研究茵栀黄注射液对四氯化碳（CCl4)和硫代乙酰胺（TAA）所致小鼠肝脏损伤的保护作用。方法：采用四氯化碳和硫代乙酰胺造成小鼠化学性损伤,观察茵栀黄注射液的保护作用,结果：小鼠静脉注射茵栀黄注射液能明显降低CCl4和TAA所致小鼠血清ALT和AST水平,并可显著改善小鼠肝损伤的病变程度,结论：茵栀黄注射液对CCl4和TAA所致小鼠肝损伤具有保护作用。     

4-羟基苯并恶唑-2-酮对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用

日的研究4一羟基苯并恶唑-2-酮（4-hydroxy-2-benzoxazolone,HBOA）对四氯化碳所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用,并探讨其疗效机制。方法采用腹腔注射四氯化碳（carbonte trachloride,cch）制备小鼠急性肝损伤模型,HBOA灌胃给药,检测小鼠血清中的乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性以及肝组织中过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）含量,并用免疫组化法观察肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-a）的表达情况。结果HBOA能明显降低CCh致急性肝损伤小鼠血清LDH活性,同时升高肝组织中CAT、GSH-Px的活性并降低肝组织中TNF-a的表达。结论HBOA对CCh所致小鼠急性肝损伤有一定的保护作用。     

紫甘薯叶超声波提取工艺优化及其对小鼠肝脏保护作用研究

优化紫甘薯叶的超声波提取工艺,考察提取物对CCl_4诱导急性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用。采用3因素(乙醇浓度、超声功率、超声时间)3水平正交试验,以紫甘薯叶提取物清除羟基自由基能力为考察指标,优化紫甘薯叶超声波提取工艺参数,并用CCl_4建立急性肝损伤模型,考察不同剂量的紫甘薯叶超声波提取物(0.1 g/kg、0.3 g/kg)对肝损伤的影响,探讨紫甘薯叶超声波提取物的肝脏保护作用。结果表明,紫甘薯叶超声波提取最优提取工艺为:乙醇浓度70%,超声功率400 W,超声时间17 min。与模型组相比,紫甘薯叶超声波提取物能降低急性肝损伤小鼠血清中ALT活性及肝组织MDA含量,提高肝组织SOD活性和GSH水平,明显减轻肝损伤小鼠肝组织的损伤程度,表明紫甘薯叶超声波提取物对CCl_4诱导急性肝损伤小鼠具有保护作用。     

白花龙胆花抗炎作用研究

为了研究白花龙胆花的抗炎作用,本文对白花龙胆花水提物和70%乙醇提取物的抗炎活性进行了试验,并测定了水提物和70%乙醇提物中龙胆苦苷的含量.试验采用二甲苯所致小鼠急性耳肿胀试验和二甲苯所致小鼠腹部毛细管通透性试验.将昆明种小白鼠分为7组,分别为空白对照组,白花龙胆花水提物高、中、低剂量组和70%乙醇提取物高、中、低剂量组,灌胃(ig)给药14 d后,用二甲苯分别于小鼠右耳及腹部致炎.测定左右耳重量,计算肿胀度及肿胀抑制率,测定吸光值.结果表明:白花龙胆花水提物和乙醇提取物的中、高剂量组对于二甲苯所致的小鼠急性耳肿胀和小鼠腹部毛细管通透性都有显著的抑制作用.从而表明:白花龙胆花具有显著的抗炎疗效.     

伞形科东当归的果实形态和解剖结构

对伞形科(Apiaceae)当归属(Angelica L.)东当归〔A.acutiloba(Sieb.et Zucc.)Kitag.〕的分生果形态特征和解剖结构进行了全面观察。该种分生果的外观呈倒椭圆状长卵形,有三角状萼齿,果棱、棱槽和腹面表面均有黄白色斑点。果实横切面解剖结构具有以下特征:外果皮终止于果棱顶端的腹面处,合生面宽阔,外果皮和中果皮细胞中有大量淡黄色晶体,油管在棱槽和合生面处连续分布等。东当归的这些果实形态及解剖结构明显不同于当归属的其他种类,其分类地位有待重新探讨。     

Hepatoprotective effect of Hibiscus hispidissimus Griffith, ethanolic extract in paracetamol and CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats

Hibiscus hispidissimus Griff. is used in tribal medicine of Kerala, the southern most state of India, to treat liver diseases. In the present study, the effect of the ethanolic extract of Hibiscus hispidissimus whole plant on paracetamol (PCM)-induced and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in healthy Wistar albino rats was studied. The results showed that significant hepatoprotective effects were obtained against liver damage induced by PCM and CCl4 as evidenced by decreased levels of serum enzymes, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum alkaline phosphatase (SAKP), serum bilirubin (SB) and an almost normal histological architecture of the liver of the treated groups compared to the toxin controls. The extract also showed significant antilipid peroxidant effects in vitro, besides exhibiting significant activity in quenching 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical, indicating its potent antioxidant effects.     

Hepatoprotective activity of Haridradi ghrita on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats

Haridradi ghrita, a ghee based polyherbal formulation, (50, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) significantly lowered marker enzymes (SGPT, SGOT, ALP) and bilirubin in serum and liver peroxide, superoxide dismutase and catalase in liver homogenate following CCl4 (0.7 ml/kg, ip) toxicity. The protective effect was further supported by reversal of CCl4 induced histological changes. The results demonstrate significant hepatoprotective action of H. ghrita in CCl4 damaged rats.     

高分辨裂解—气相色谱在前胡族系统分类中的应用

采用高分辨裂解－气相色谱法对前胡族（Peucedaneae Drude)20属35种植物的叶片成分进行分析,经过聚类分析得出以下结果：35种植物基本可分为3大类,对应于3个亚族。阿魏亚族（Ferulinae Drude)的球根阿魏属（Schumannia Kuntze)、伊犁芹属（Talassia Korov.)和簇花芹属（Soranthus Ledeb.)均应为独立属。环翅芹亚族（Tordyliinae Drude)的四带芹属[Tetrataenium(DC.)Manden.]和大瓣芹属（Semenovia Regel et Herd.)二者也作为独立属处理为宜,其中有争议的锐尖叶独活[Heracleum longilobum(Norman)Sheh et T.S.Wang]不应作为大瓣芹属成员,仍应保留于独活属。当归亚族（Angelicinae Drude)的山芎[Conioselinum chinense(L.)Britton]和东当归[Angelica acutiloba(Sieb.et Zucc.)Kitagawa]曾被作为阿米芹族（Ammineae Koch)的蛇床属（Cnidium Cuss.)或藁本属（Ligusticum L.)的成员,聚类图显示其属于前胡族的当归亚族是合适的。     

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect of tender coconut water on carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in rats

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of tender coconut water (TCW) were investigated in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-intoxicated female rats. Liver damage was evidenced by the increased levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and decreased levels of serum proteins and by histopathological studies in CCl4-intoxicated rats. Increased lipid peroxidation was evidenced by elevated levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) viz, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydroperoxides (HP) and conjugated dienes (CD), and also by significant decrease in antioxidant enzymes activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) and glutathione reductase (GR) and also reduced glutathione (GSH) content in liver. On the other hand, CCl4-intoxicated rats treated with TCW retained almost normal levels of these constituents. Decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes in CCl4-intoxicated rats and their reversal of antioxidant enzyme activities in TCW treated rats, shows the effectiveness of TCW in combating CCl4-induced oxidative stress. Hepatoprotective effect of TCW is also evidenced from the histopathological studies of liver, which did not show any fatty infiltration or necrosis, as observed in CCl4-intoxicated rats.     

Hepatoprotective activity of Hemidesmus indicus R. br. in rats

Treatment of rats with paracetamol and CCl4 produced a significant increase in the levels of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total and direct bilirubin. Rats pretreated with methanolic extract of roots of H. indicus (100-500 mg/kg body weight, po) exhibited rise in the levels of these enzymes but it was significantly less as compared to those treated with paracetamol or CCl4 alone. The results of methanolic extract of H. indicus were comparable with the standard hepatoprotective agent silymarin (100 mg/kg). Maximum hepatoprotective effect was found to be at the dose of 250 mg/kg body weight in case of CCl4 induced hepatic damage while 500 mg/kg body weight in case of paracetamol induced hepatic damage. The results suggest that methanolic extract of H. indicus roots possesses a potential antihepatotoxic activity.     

Pyrazole treatment of rats potentiates CCL4-but not CHCL3-hepatotoxicity

Rats were treated with pyrazole to increase the liver content of the "alcohol-inducible" form of cytochrome P-450. This treatment increased the sensitivity of these animals to CCl4-hepatotoxicity assessed by increases in SGPT and SGOT levels and decreases in microsomal cytochrome P-450 and aniline p-hydroxylase activity. However, the hepatotoxicity of CHCl3 was not increased by pyrazole-treatment. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the "alcohol-inducible" form of cytochrome P-450 is capable of CCl4- but not CHCl3-activation.     

Effect of Emblica officinalis (Gaertn) on CCl4 induced hepatic toxicity and DNA synthesis in Wistar rats

A single dose of CCl4 (1 ml/kg body weight, po in corn oil) increased the levels of SGOT (serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase), SGPT (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), glutathione-S-transferase and depletion in reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. It also caused enhancement in the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and DNA synthesis. There was also pathological deterioration of hepatic tissue as evident from multivacuolated hepatocytes containing fat globules around central vein. The pretreatment of E. officinalis for 7 consecutive days showed a profound pathological protection to liver cell as depicted by univacuolated hepatocytes. Pretreatment with E. officinalis at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, prior to CCl4 intoxication showed significant reduction in the levels of SGOT, SGPT, LDH, glutathione-S-transferase, LPO and DNA synthesis. There was also increase in reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. The results suggest that E. officinalis inhibits hepatic toxicity in Wistar rats.     

Induction of tumour necrosis factor alpha in experimental animals treated with hepatotoxicants.

Administrations of hepatotoxicants namely carbon tetrachloride (CCl4:0.4 ml in 1.2 ml of liquid paraffin) and ANIT (1 ml of 1.5% solution in liquid paraffin) in Charles foster rats (force fed) and D-galactosamine (8 mg in water per swiss albino mouse, ip) induce the release of TNF-alpha in case of CCl4 and D-galactosamine. High TNF-alpha level was observed up to 48 hr in CCl4 and up to 24 hr in D-galactosamine treated animals. Elevated levels of biochemical like ALP and SGPT are also recorded. TNF-alpha level can be measured of tissue damage and prognosis in case of hepatitis.