橄榄桥脑小脑萎缩患者的脑干听觉诱发电位及其与桥脑体积的相关性

目的:观察橄榄桥脑小脑萎缩(OPCA)脑干听觉诱发电位各波、波间潜伏期的变化,并分析这些变化与桥脑体积/后颅窝体积比值(PV/PFV)的相关性。方法:利用丹麦KeypointEMG/EP电生理仪测定OPCA组、对照组脑干听觉诱发电位Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波潜伏期(PL),Ⅰ-Ⅲ、Ⅲ-Ⅴ、Ⅰ-Ⅴ峰间潜伏期(IPL)并采用1.5TMR3DVolumeRender-ing软件行桥脑体积(PV)、小脑体积(CV)、后颅窝体积(PFV)磁共振测量,算出PV/PFV、CV/PFV、PV/CV值。结果:与对照组相比,OPCA组Ⅲ波PL、Ⅰ-ⅢIPL明显延长(P<0.05),Ⅲ-ⅤIPL明显缩短(P<0.05);OPCA组PV/PFV值明显减少(P<0.01);Ⅲ-ⅤIPL与PV/PFV呈正相关(r=0.83,P<0.01)。结论:OPCA患者脑干听觉诱发电位Ⅲ波PL、Ⅰ-ⅢIPL延长,Ⅲ-ⅤIPL缩短,Ⅲ-ⅤIPL随着桥脑体积的变小而缩短。     

体温过高对大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位和中潜伏期反应的影响

目的 :探讨体温过高对大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位 (BAEP)和听觉中潜伏期反应 (MLR )的影响。方法 :诱发电位仪颅表记录大鼠BAEP和MLR ;体表物理升温法逐步升高麻醉大鼠体温 ,传感探头式数字体温计监测大鼠直肠体温 ;主要观察BAEP和MLR的波峰潜伏期 (PL)、波峰间潜伏期 (IPL)和波幅随体温升高而发生的变化及它们消失的临界体温。结果 :BAEP各波PL及Ⅰ Ⅱ、Ⅰ Ⅲ、Ⅰ ⅣIPL随体温升高 ( 3 7～ 41.5℃ )而逐步缩短 ,但当体温升高至 42℃和超过 42℃时各波PL及Ⅰ Ⅱ、Ⅰ ⅣIPL不再继续缩短 ,并略有反向延长 ;MLR各波PL和P1 P3、P2 P3IPL也随体温升高 ( 3 7～ 43℃ )而缩短。随体温升高 ,BAEP和MLR波幅的主要表现为降低 ,特别是在体温升高至42℃以后。BAEP和MLR在体温 ( 4 3 .1± 0 .5)℃时出现不可逆性消失 ,且两者同步消失。结论 :体温过高对大鼠BAEP和MLR有相似的显著影响 ,体温过高至一临界值时会造成BAEP和MLR的不可逆性损害。     

小脑重复经颅磁刺激联合吞咽康复训练对脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能、脑干听觉诱发电位和血清神经损伤指标的影响

摘要 目的：观察小脑重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）联合吞咽康复训练对脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者脑干听觉诱发电位、吞咽功能和血清神经损伤指标的影响。方法：纳入我院于2019年10月-2021年3月期间收治的60例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者。按照随机数字表法分为对照组（给予吞咽康复训练,30例）和观察组（给予小脑rTMS联合吞咽康复训练,30例）,均治疗3周。观察两组治疗3周后的临床总有效率,对比两组治疗前、治疗3周后的吞咽功能、脑干听觉诱发电位和血清神经损伤指标。结果：观察组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组治疗3周后改良曼恩吞咽能力评估量表（MMASA）评分升高,且高于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组治疗3周后波潜伏期（Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ）、波峰间潜伏期（Ⅰ~Ⅲ,Ⅲ~Ⅳ,Ⅰ~Ⅳ）降低,且低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组治疗3周后血清视锥蛋白样蛋白1（VILIP-1）、神经肽Y（NPY）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、扣针蛋白5（Fibulin-5）水平降低,且低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：小脑rTMS联合吞咽康复训练可有效改善脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能,减轻神经损伤,缩短脑干听觉诱发电位的潜伏期。     

鸟类脑干听觉诱发电位的观察

采用短声刺激鸟类听觉感受器的方法,对15只健康成年虎皮鹦鹉的脑干听觉诱发电位进行了实验观察。结果发现,鸟类头顶均能记录到与听觉有关的脑干听觉诱发电位Ⅰ波、Ⅱ波、Ⅲ波、Ⅳ波和Ⅴ波。为鸟类语言发声研究的听力学评价提供一个简便可行的方法。     

慢性缺氧性脑病诱发电位、行为与caspase-3凋亡蛋白表达的变化

目的:探讨大鼠慢性间断性缺氧后,脑诱发电位与慢性缺氧性脑损伤的关系,探讨脑诱发电位对缺氧性脑病的评估价值.方法:在建立慢性间断性缺氧大鼠模型的基础上,雄性SD大鼠随机分成缺氧组(H组)和对照组(N组),H组随机分为缺氧2周组(H2组)和缺氧4周组(H4组)2个亚组;应用Morris水迷宫检测各组大鼠的学习记忆能力;测定各组大鼠的脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)和短潜伏期体感诱发电位(SLSEP).免疫组织化学法检测caspase-3凋亡蛋白表达的变化.结果:缺氧组BAEP和SEP各波的峰潜伏期和峰间峰潜伏期比对照组明显延长,差异有显著性意义,缺氧组BAEP和SEP的变化与学习记忆能力和caspase-3凋亡蛋白表达有相关性.结论:BAEP和SEP的改变与慢性缺氧性脑损伤及损伤的程度明显相关,是反映缺氧性脑损伤比较敏感的指标.     

促红细胞生成素对脑损伤早产儿NBNA评分、肝肾功能以及脑干听觉诱发电位的影响

目的:探讨促红细胞生成素(EPO)对脑损伤早产儿新生儿神经行为测定(NBNA)评分、肝肾功能以及脑干听觉诱发电位的影响。方法:选取2015年2月~2018年7月期间我院收治的脑损伤早产儿117例,将上述研究对象根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组(n=58)和观察组(n=59),对照组患儿给予常规对症治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上联合EPO治疗,比较两组NBNA评分、肝肾功能以及脑干听觉诱发电位,记录两组患儿治疗期间并发症发生情况。结果:观察组纠正胎龄40周时NBNA评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患儿治疗后峰间期(Ⅰ~Ⅲ波、Ⅲ~Ⅳ波、Ⅰ~Ⅳ波)、潜伏期(Ⅰ波、Ⅲ波、Ⅳ波)均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患儿治疗前、后尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、血清谷丙转氨酶(SGPT)、总胆红素(TBIL)比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患儿动脉导管未闭、新生儿败血症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而观察组支气管肺发育不良、颅内出血、脑干听觉诱发电位异常等发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:EPO对脑损伤早产儿具有一定的神经保护作用,能够有效保护受损神经细胞与听觉神经通路,降低脑损伤并发症的发生率,且不影响患儿的肝肾功能。     

大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位和中潜伏期反应的生后发育

目的：探讨大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）和听觉中潜伏期反应(MLR)生后发育模式的异同。方法：在同一批新生SD纯种大鼠连续10周同时观察BAEP和MLR生后发育的变化。结果：BAEP和MLR分别在生后14d和17d出现;BAEP各波峰潜伏期（PL）随鼠龄增长而递减,生后3－4周是PL缩短的主要时期,I波PL在生后29d达成年值,其余各波PL在生后70d全部达成年值;首次出现的MLR,其Po和Na两波PL已达成年值,而Pa、Nb和Pb和PL也随鼠龄增长而缩短,但生后20－23d很快就达成年值;BAEP的Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ波和MLR的Nb、Pb波波幅在生后3－4周期间迅速递增,且峰值明显大于成年值,然后逐渐回降。结论：大鼠MLR和BAEP生后发育的模式基本相同,但MLR各波PL较早达成年值。     

豚鼠耳蜗核内听觉诱发电位及其频域分析

用计算机叠加平均和脑干神经核团立体定位技术记录１０只豚鼠耳蜗核内听觉诱发电位（ＣＮ－ＡＥＰ）。对ＣＮ－ＡＥＰ时域波形中主波的潜伏期、振幅进行分析,并与豚鼠脑干听觉诱发电位（ＢＡＥＰ）时域波形进行比较,认为ＣＮ－ＡＥＰ是ＢＡＥＰⅡ波的主要成分。用自回归模型谱（ＡＲ谱）估计及数字滤波技术对ＣＮ－ＡＥＰ行频域分析,发现豚鼠ＣＮ－ＡＥＰ的频谱成分主要在１０００Ｈｚ以下,在ＡＲ谱图上有３个峰,Ｆ０、Ｆ１和Ｆ２,谱峰分别位于１８０、７１０、１２００Ｈｚ左右,略高于豚鼠ＢＡＥＰ的相应谱峰频率,其原因尚待进一步探讨。     

普氏蹄蝠下丘对回声定位信号恒频成分的群体加工

利用听觉诱发电位和计算机叠加平均技术研究了普氏蹄蝠下丘(Inferior colliculus,IC)500-4 000 μm 记录深度间,神经元群对3 个谐波恒频(Constant frequency,CF) 声刺激(CF1 -CF3 )的反应。结果显示,在蝙蝠回声定位信号CF 成分刺激下,其IC 的诱发电位包括2 -4 个波,在1 000 μm 以下的记录区域,3 种刺激均能诱发on-off 反应,on-反应的幅度均在3 000 μm 达最大之后减小(P < 0.001),而潜伏期则逐渐缩短(P < 0.001);CF2 能诱发大幅度的off-反应,而CF1 、CF3 诱发的off-反应幅度较小,随着记录深度的增加,CF2 (P <0. 001)的off-反应潜伏期逐渐缩短,而CF1 (P > 0. 05)和CF3 (P >0. 05)的潜伏期则无此单调性。结果表明神经元群体加工CF1 - CF3 的on-反应存在一致性变化,提示其对行为相关的声信号加工可能存在频率层间复杂的相互作用;对CF 信号加工的off-反应对主频附近声较敏感,提示其可能在恒频-调频蝙蝠的多普勒频移、捕获振翅昆虫信息或种间交流中起着某种作用。     

脑干听觉诱发电位与后循环TIA及脑干梗死的相关性研究

目的:研究脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)与后循环短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)及脑干梗死的相关性。方法:选取我院收治的后循环TIA患者46例作为TIA组,选取同期收治的脑干梗死患者44例作为脑干梗死组,选取同期健康体检者49例作为健康组,TIA组和脑干梗死组均在发病后1周内进行BAEP检查,健康体检者在体检时进行BAEP检查,比较3组的Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波的潜伏期(PL)及Ⅰ-Ⅲ、Ⅲ-Ⅴ、Ⅰ-Ⅴ波峰间的潜伏期(IPL)。结果:TIA组BAEP异常率71.74%,脑干梗死组BAEP异常率56.82%,健康组BAEP异常率24.49%,TIA组患者BAEP异常率高于健康组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。脑干梗死组BAEP异常率高于健康组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。TIA组患者PL的Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ水平均高于健康组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。TIA组患者IPL的Ⅰ-Ⅲ、Ⅲ-Ⅴ、Ⅰ-Ⅴ水平均高于健康组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。脑干梗死组患者PL的Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ水平均高于健康组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。脑干梗死组患者IPL的Ⅰ-Ⅲ、Ⅲ-Ⅴ、Ⅰ-Ⅴ水平均高于健康组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。脑干梗死组患者IPL与PL均明显高于TIA组(P0.05)。结论:BAEP与后循环TIA及脑干梗死存在相关性,并且较为敏感,是优秀的诊断方法之一。     

The developmental effects of extremely low frequency electric fields on visual and somatosensory evoked potentials in adult rats

Abstract

The purpose of our study was to investigate the developmental effects of extremely low frequency electric fields (ELF-EFs) on visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) and to examine the relationship between lipid peroxidation and changes of these potentials. In this context, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels were determined as an indicator of lipid peroxidation. Wistar albino female rats were divided into four groups; Control (C), gestational (prenatal) exposure (Pr), gestational+ postnatal exposure (PP) and postnatal exposure (Po) groups. Pregnant rats of Pr and PP groups were exposed to 50?Hz electric field (EF) (12?kV/m; 1?h/day), while those of C and Po groups were placed in an inactive system during pregnancy. Following parturition, rats of PP and Po groups were exposed to ELF-EFs whereas rats of C and Pr groups were kept under the same experimental conditions without being exposed to any EF during 68 days. On postnatal day 90, rats were prepared for VEP and SEP recordings. The latencies of VEP components in all experimental groups were significantly prolonged versus C group. For SEPs, all components of PP group, P2, N2 components of Pr group and P1, P2, N2 components of Po group were delayed versus C group. As brain TBARS levels were significantly increased in Pr and Po groups, retina TBARS levels were significantly elevated in all experimental groups versus C group. In conclusion, alterations seen in evoked potentials, at least partly, could be explained by lipid peroxidation in the retina and brain.     

Electrical Potentials Indicate Stimulus Expectancy in the Brains of Ants and Bees

In vertebrates, and in humans in particular, so-called omitted stimulus potentials can be electrically recorded from the brain or scalp upon repeated stimulation with simple stimuli such as light flashes.While standard evoked potentials follow each stimulus in a series, omitted stimulus potentials occur when an additional stimulus is expected after the end of a stimulus series. These potentials represent neuronal plasticity and are assumed to be involved in basic cognitive processes.We recorded electroretinograms from the eyes and visually evoked potentials from central brain areas of honey bees and ants, social insects to which cognitive abilities have been ascribed and whose rich-behavioral repertoires include navigation, learning and memory.We demonstrate that omitted stimulus potentials occur in these insects. Omitted stimulus potentials in bees and ants show similar temporal characteristics to those found in crayfish and vertebrates, suggesting that common mechanisms may underlie this form of short-term neuronal plasticity.     

K—L变换在视诱发电位特征分析中的应用

VEP(Visual Evoked Potentials)是在大脑视皮层记录到的一组诱发电位.它的形态变化对于视路病变,视神经病变等视系统疾患的临床诊断及发病机理的探讨都有重要价     

Somatosensory evoked potentials of median and tibial nerves in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) under captivity: influence of ontogenic status in neonatal, infant, young, adult, and senile stages

Background Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) constitute a useful neurophysiologic tool commonly used to assess the functionality and developmental degree of the nervous system. Objective To analyze somatosensory pathways of the Macaca mulatta species throughout different ontogenetic statuses. Methods Twenty non‐human primates were divided into five age‐dependant groups. Recording of SEPs was executed by stimulation of lower limb at the tibial nerve and upper limb and recorded at the median nerve. Results Two wave series were observed for all groups for both limbs studied. Significant differences were found at the upper right limb at C4, C7 and also for the antecubital fossa site. The lower limbs showed a single significant right‐wing deflection. Conclusions Differences found in signals generated by the nervous system in response to somatosensory stimuli among the studied groups are thought to be developmental in origin, as the most remarkable deviations were seen in younger monkeys.     

痛觉诱发电位的研究进展

痛觉诱发电位的研究在过去的几十年内取得了重要进展 ,出现了许多用于被试的诱发明确疼痛感的刺激技术 ,并与诱发电位方法学联合应用 ,已经成为脑映像学研究中重要的组成部分。本文从刺激技术、痛觉诱发电位成分分析和偶极子源分析等方面出发 ,讨论了痛觉诱发电位的研究进展     

Correlation of the characteristics of evoked EEG potentials with individual peculiarities of attention in children

We studied correlations of the main parameters of evoked EEG potentials (EP) with individual characteristics of attention in children and teenagers. One hundred and one healthy children (dextrals) took part in the tests. Among them, 26 and 30 children were 5 to 7 and 10 to 12 years old, while the third age group included 45 teenagers (15 to 16 years old). We recorded EP and measured the time of a sensorimotor reaction in the following experimental paradigm. Its program provided automated presentation of a pair of acoustic signals, preliminary and imperative; the subject had to perform a motor reaction, pushing a button with the right thumb, with a minimum delay after the second stimulus. Visual feedback signals informed the subject about the successful or inadequate performance of the reaction (time of reaction was shorter than or exceeded a limit value). Indices characterizing the level of attention were estimated using Find and delete and Schultes tables techniques. A well-manifested N2 component of the EP related to the preliminary signal was a specific feature in the group of 5- to 7-year-old children, while the contingent negative variation (CNV) preceding the motor reaction was poorly developed in this group. The best characteristics of attention in these and older (10 to 12 years old) children were typical of subjects with maximally expressed N1-P2 waves. In teenagers, the best attention was typical of subjects with the highest-amplitude P1 and P2 components, CNV, and P300 wave and with the lowest amplitude of the N1 component.Neirofiziologiya/Neurophysiology, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 313–321, July–August, 2004.This revised version was published online in April 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

链霉素对鸟听觉毒性作用的研究

目的：了解链霉素对鸟听觉毒性的作用。方法：选33只健康成年虎皮鹦鹉,不同剂量的链霉素肌肉注射15日,脑干听觉诱发电位测试外周的听觉敏度和听觉通路中神经的传导和传递能力。结果：链霉素对鸟听觉有毒性作用。结论：用链霉素处理鸟可以制作聋鸟模型。     

Correlations between the content of toxic and essential metals in the organism and characteristics of EEG potentials in youths under conditions of an urban environment

In 18-to 19-year-old students, the content of a number of microelements, as well as of calcium, in biologically stable tissues (hair samples) was measured using X-ray fluorescent analysis. In the tested persons, we observed a certain deficit of main elements (calcium, copper, and zinc), while in some persons the levels of toxic lead and strontium were exceeded. Correlation analysis of the parameters of EEG potentials (current EEG and evoked and event-related potentials, EPs and ERPs, respectively) showed the existence of a few significant (or close to those) correlations of the spectral powers of some rhythms and derivatives of a few indices of the background EEG and more numerous cases of correlations of the parameters of EPs and ERPs (latencies and amplitudes) with the contents of the studied elements. The physiological importance of metals, according to the number of characteristics of EEG potentials that correlate with their contents, can be arranged in descending order as follows: As, Zn > Ca > Cd > Pb > Sr. None of the studied parameters of EEG phenomena correlated with the level of copper. The strength of correlations varied from weak to mild (0.29 < R < 0.50). The densest correlations were observed for the concentrations of toxic lead and cadmium. With respect to the characteristics of ERPs, some of the elements under study demonstrated synergism (e.g., lead and arsenic), while others were in an antagonistic relation (cadmium and calcium). Neirofiziologiya/Neurophysiology, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 167–174, March–April, 2006.     

窒息对大鼠脊髓诱发电位的影响

实验在筒箭毒制动的麻醉与清醒大鼠上进行。用银球电极记录刺激腓神经引起的脊髓诱发电位,观察其在窒息和窒息后恢复通气过程中的变化。窒息后P波振幅最先降低,N波次之,A波在P、N波消失时下降到前对照的80％左右。窒息3分钟时恢复通气后,按A、N、P波的顺序恢复到前对照水平。窒息及其恢复过程中,不同于A波的变化,N、 P相伴改变。麻醉与清醒状态下,上述变化规律相似。结果提示,有突触活动参与的N波,特别是P波对窒息最敏感,反映初级传入末梢活动的A波对窒息有相当的耐受性。