人源性抗出血热单克隆抗体重链可变区基因克隆及其序列测定

单克隆抗体已广泛应用于医学生物学的各个领域。但目前使用的单克隆抗体多为鼠源性,在临床应用中常使患者产生抗异种蛋白的免疫反应。人源性单抗用于临床比鼠源性优越,但其制备尚有许多难题,其杂交瘤细胞不稳定、抗体产量低、多为IgM,难以达到临床的应用。我们前已报道了成功地获得能分泌人源性     

HFRSV内影像型抗独特型人单抗重链可变区基因克隆

利用反转录－ＰＣＲ方法,从分泌肾综合症出血热病毒（ＨＦＲＳＶ）内影像型抗独特型人单抗杂交瘤细胞系（Ｃ８）中,成功地克隆了抗ＨＦＲＳＶ１ｄ人单抗重链可变区基因,并将此基因重组入Ｍ１３噬菌体ＤＮＡ中,测定了此重链可变区基因全序列。经计算机分析,基因全长共３５１ｂｐ、编码１１７个氨基酸,氨基酸序列同源性分析发现所推得的该单抗ＣＤＲ２区与ＨＦＲＳＶＧ２蛋白Ｃ端有同源区,此区可能具有较强的抗原性。     

HFRSV内影3像型抗独特型人单抗重链可变区基因克隆

利用反转录－ＰＣＲ方法,从分泌肾综合症出血热病毒内影像型抗独特型人单抗杂交瘤细胞系中,成功地克隆了抗ＨＦＲＳＶ １ｄ人单抗链可变区基因,并将此基因重组入Ｍ１３噬菌体ＤＮＡ中,测定了此重链可变区基因全序列,经计算机分析,基因全长共３５１ｂｐ１１７个氨基酸,氨基酸序列同源性分析发现所推得的单抗ＣＤＲ２区与ＨＦＲＳＶＧ２蛋白Ｃ端有同源区,此区可能具有较强的抗原性。     

抗乙型脑炎病毒单抗重链可变区基因的筛选和鉴别

为了制备抗乙型脑炎病毒的人-鼠嵌合抗体,以分泌抗乙型脑炎病毒单抗的51-8杂交瘤细胞株为材料,分离这一单抗的重链可变区基因。杂交瘤细胞的大分子量DNA经Bam HI部分酶切后,以λEMBL-3为载体,构建了总数为2×10~7pfu的基因文库。以抗乙脑病毒单抗重链可变区cDNA为探针,从360000个噬菌斑中筛选出9个阳性斑,经点杂交及Southern杂交证明它们都含有重链可变区基因的片段。进一步以J_(11)探针(含J_3、J_4和重链增强子)对其中4个重组体进行鉴别。经EcoRI酶切后,有3个重组体含有与肝细胞和Sp2/0细胞相同的3.8kb片段,而第4个重组体(λ8a4)没有这一片段,却有一个4.5kb片段,这是在肝细胞和Sp2/0细胞中不存在的。从而证明前3个重组体的插入片段是未经重排的重链可变区基因片段,而λ8a4中的插入片段含有经过重排的功能性可变区基因。这一4.5kb片段不能与含有J_1—J_2的探针杂交,却同时含有V_H、J,或/和J_4和增强子。进一步证明,这是一个功能性的可变区基因。因此,将这一4.5kb片段分离出来之后,在pUC19中亚克隆并作酶切图。为构建抗乙脑病毒的人-鼠嵌合重链基因奠定了基础。     

鼠源抗HFRSV衣壳蛋白McAbF3株单链抗体基因克隆构建及表达

为了获得原抗ＨＦＲＳＶ衣壳蛋白ＭｃＡｂＦ３＾１株轻链可变区基因,由连接肽体外连接获得单链抗体基因,在大肠杆菌中表达,从鼠源抗ＨＦＲＳＶ衣壳蛋白ＭｃＡｂＦ３株细胞中分离总ＲＮＡ,以ｏｌｉｇｏ（ｄＴ）１８为引物逆转录成ｃＤＮＡ,通过ＰＣＲ扩增出抗体的轻链（ＶＬ）和重链可变区（Ｖ１１）基因,由连接本外连接获得单链抗体（ＳｅＦｖ）基因。将此单链抗体（ＳｅＦｖ）基因插入原核表达载体ＰＥＴ２８ａ,经大肠杆菌（     

鼠抗HFRSV衣壳蛋白McAb F3株可变区基因的获取及特性分析

培养鼠抗肾综合征出血热病毒衣壳蛋白Ｆ３杂交瘤细胞株,提取总ＲＮＡ,根据鼠源ＩｇＧ抗体基因家族可变区基因碱基序列的特点,设计简并引物,通过逆转录聚合酶链反应,获得抗体轻链可变区和重链可变区基因。分别将其克隆入载体ＰＴ７ＢｌｕｅＴ Ｖｅｃｔｏｒ,选取阳性重组克隆各两个,分别测定了所载重链可变区和轻链可变区基因的碱基序列,比较了不同克隆轻链可变区基因之间和重链可变区基因之间碱基序列的差异;分析了各自的氨基酸框架及其对应蛋白的亲水性。结果显示,两个重链可变区基因碱基序列有４处不同,同源性为９７９％;其中重组克隆ＺＧ３６４ ５Ｆ所载重链可变区基因有完整的开放阅读框架,对应的蛋白含有丰富的亲水基因,第１１２氨基酸处亲水性最高;另一重组克隆ＺＧ３６４ ４Ｆ所载重链可变区基因不能通读。两个轻链基因碱基序列有４处不同,同源性为９９１％,重组克隆ＺＧ３６５ ５Ｆ和ＺＧ３６５ ７Ｆ所载轻链可变区基因均有完整的开放阅读框架,对应的蛋白均含有丰富的亲水基因,ＺＧ３６５ ５Ｆ所载基因对应蛋白第６７氨基酸亲水性最高,ＺＧ３６５ ７Ｆ所载基因对应蛋白第３４氨基酸亲水性最高。     

抗人肺腺癌单克隆抗体重,轻链可变区基因的分离克隆和序列测定

根据鼠免疫球蛋白重。轻链可变区基因ＦＲ１和ＦＲ４的序列保守性,化学合成了适于体外扩增Ｉｇ重、轻链可变区基因（Ｖ_Ｈ和Ｖ_Ｌ）的数对引物。以分泌抗人肺腺癌单抗的杂交瘤细胞株ＷＬＡ－２Ｃ４的基因组ＤＮＡ为模板,ＰＣＲ扩增Ｖ_Ｈ和Ｖ_Ｌ基因,分别克隆人ｐＵＣ１９载体。转化子经蓝、白斑筛选,酶切鉴定,双脱氧测序证实确为鼠单抗可变区基因,其中Ｖ_Ｈ基因全长为３４８ｂｐ,编码１１６ａａ,属重链ⅡＢ亚类;Ｖ_Ｌ基因全长３１８ｂｐ,编码１０６ａａ,属Ｋ轻链Ⅵ亚类。     

抗甜菜坏死黄脉病毒单抗轻链可变区基因的克隆及全序列测定

甜菜是温带地区主要糖料作物,甜菜丛根病是其一种毁灭性病害,在世界范围内广泛蔓延,发病田块可以造成２０％—５０％以上的减产,甚至绝收,糖度可以降低４—８度。甜菜坏死黄脉病毒（ＢＮＹＶＶ）是丛根病的主要病源,目前没有好的防治方法。为了探索用基因工程抗体技术与植物转化技术防治丛根病的可行性,首先要把抗ＢＮＹＶＶ的单克隆抗体的可变区基因扩增和克隆出来,本文报道轻链可变区基因的扩增、克隆和全序列分析的结果。材料和方法抗甜菜坏死黄脉病毒的单抗杂交瘤（３Ｃ４）由北京农业大学植物病毒研究室制备［１］。细胞培养于…     

Variable gene family usage of protective and non‐protective anti‐Vibrio cholerae O1 LPS antibody heavy chains

Vibrio cholerae causes cholera, an enteric disease of humans that is a worldwide problem. The O1 serogroup of Vibrio cholerae contains two predominant serotypes (Inaba and Ogawa) of LPS, a proven protective antigen for humans and experimental animals. We generated B‐cell hybridomas from mice immunized with either: (i) two doses of purified Inaba LPS; (ii) two doses of an Inaba hexasaccharide conjugate (terminal six perosamine bound to a protein carrier), (iii) four doses of purified Inaba LPS; or (iv) a low dose of purified Inaba LPS followed by a booster with the Inaba conjugate. We showed previously that the first and third immunization protocols induce vibriocidal antibodies, as does the fourth; the second protocol induces antibodies that bind Inaba and Ogawa LPS but are not vibriocidal. Anti‐LPS mAbs derived from hybridomas resulting from each immunization protocol were characterized for binding to Inaba and Ogawa LPS, their vibriocidal or protective capacity, and the variable heavy chain family they expressed. LPS immunogens selected different LPS‐specific B cells expressing six different Vh chain families. Protective and non‐protective mAbs could express variable regions from the same family. One mAb was specific for Inaba LPS, the other mAbs were cross‐reactive with both LPS serotypes. Sequence comparison suggests that the pairing of a specific light chain, somatic mutation, or the specific VDJ recombination can modulate the protective capacity of mAbs that express a common variable heavy chain family member.     

用Epstein-Barr病毒转化技术建立分泌人单克隆抗体B淋巴细胞系的条件

用以去除T淋巴细胞的E—玫瑰花形成法中所用的羊红细胞(SRBC),其保鲜程度对EB病毒转化B淋巴细胞的结果有一定影响,用保存1天的SRBC者,转化细胞的抗体分泌时间较长(8～10周),并且能形成传代细胞系;用保存17天的SRBC,转化细胞的抗体分泌时间较短,未能无限传代。分离外周血单个核细胞时,保留自体粘附细胞作为饲养细胞,转化的细胞二个月的成活率可达75％,而不保留粘附细胞者,转化细胞成活率仅40％。能产生抗-HBc抗体的EBV转化细胞,自然分泌抗体时间一般不超过10周,高峰期在3周以内,第2周时最高。EB病毒感染后的转化细胞5天开始克隆,一般细胞难成活,在14天克隆的,成活率可达100％。21天开始克隆的转化细胞,免疫球蛋白自然分泌维持12周以上,而在35天开始克隆的细胞,维持分泌的时间都不超过10周。以未经γ线照射的小鼠腹腔渗出细胞作饲养细胞,可支持转化3周的细胞克隆扩增,克隆成活率可达100％,而对照组克隆成活率仅为64.7％。     

单引物预掺入PCR与抗体可变区基因的体外放大

用针对引导序列的5′-引物和针对恒定区的3′-引物,常规PCR程序只使所选5株单抗10个可变区cDNA中的4个得到放大.新设计的程序增设了一个反应时相:94℃ 1 min,37℃ 6-8min,循环1-3次,只加入5′-引物,补充3′-引物后,转入常规PCR循环,10个可变区cDNA均获放大.此程序被命名为“单引物预掺入PCR”.     

甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素单克隆抗体轻链和重链可变区基因的巢式PCR扩增及序列分析

目的：采用巢式PCR对甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素单克隆抗体的轻链和重链基因进行扩增,对获得的基因进行序列分析,并找出克隆鼠Igκ轻链和重链可变区基因的通用方法。方法：设计22对扩增鼠Igκ轻链可变区和重链可变区基因的引物,对6株鼠抗人甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素单克隆抗体的轻链和重链可变区基因进行克隆并测序,与NCBI公布的鼠免疫球蛋白序列比对分析。结果：巢式PCR方法可以有效避免单克隆抗体克隆过程的假基因,并且得到的单克隆抗体的氨基酸序列均符合鼠免疫球蛋白可变区特征。结论：建立了克隆鼠免疫球蛋白轻链和重链可变区基因的通用方法,为后期克隆鼠源性单克隆抗体的可变区基因提供了基础,并为研究甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素与抗体的结合位点提供了实验数据。     

In vitro immunization can elicit the expansion of diverse repertoire of B cells from peripheral blood mononuclearcells

We previously developed an in vitro immunization (IVI) protocol of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) for generating antigen-specific human antibodies. In order to clarify whether IVI protocolinduces antigen-specific B cell responses in PBMC, we analyzed family gene usage and sequence of the variable region gene of immunoglobulin heavy chain (VH gene) of the antibody produced from the in vitro immunized PBMC. Sequence homology analyses of VH gene demonstrated that a larger repertoire of B cells can be sensitized with mite-extract than with cholera toxin B subunit and rice allergen. Further, antigen-specific B cells were efficiently expanded by using CpG oligodeoxynucleotide as adjuvant. These results suggest that appropriate combination of sensitizing antigen and adjuvant is primarily important for expansion of antigen-specific B cells in IVI protocol.     

A novel anti‐prion protein monoclonal antibody and its single‐chain fragment variable derivative with ability to inhibit abnormal prion protein accumulation in cultured cells

mAbs T1 and T2 were established by immunizing PrP gene ablated mice with recombinant MoPrP of residues 121–231. Both mAbs were cross‐reactive with PrP from hamster, sheep, cattle and deer. A linear epitope of mAb T1 was identified at residues 137–143 of MoPrP and buried in PrP^C expressed on the cell surface. mAb T1 showed no inhibitory effect on accumulation of PrP^Sc in cultured scrapie‐infected neuroblastoma (ScN2a) cells. In contrast, mAb T2 recognized a discontinuous epitope ranged on, or structured by, residues 132–217 and this epitope was exposed on the cell surface PrP^C. mAb T2 showed an excellent inhibitory effect on PrP^Sc accumulation in vitro at a 50% inhibitory concentration of 0.02 μg/ml (0.14 nM). The scFv form of mAb T2 (scFv T2) was secreted in neuroblastoma (N2a58) cell cultures by transfection through eukaryotic secretion vector. Coculturing of ScN2a cells with scFv T2‐producing N2a58 cells induced a clear inhibitory effect on PrP^Sc accumulation, suggesting that scFv T2 could potentially be an immunotherapeutic tool for prion diseases by inhibition of PrP^Sc accumulation.     

抗人前列腺干细胞抗原单克隆抗体可变区基因的5＇RACE扩增及序列分析

目的：克隆并分析抗人前列腺干细胞抗原单克隆抗体轻链和重链的可变区基因。方法：从分泌抗人前列腺干细胞抗原单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株中提取总RNA,根据小鼠IgG恒定区序列设计特异性引物,通过5’RACE法扩增其轻链和重链的可变区基因,克隆入pMD18-T载体,测序并分析其可变区序列。结果：3株抗人前列腺干细胞抗原单克隆抗体的重链可变区基因序列全长均为423bp,编码141个氨基酸残基;轻链可变区基因序列全长均为393bp,编码131个氨基酸残基;在GenBank中对氨基酸序列进行比对分析,均符合小鼠IgG可变区基因的特征;根据Kabat法则对3株抗体轻链和重链可变区氨基酸序列进行分析,确定了3个抗原互补决定区、4个框架区和前导肽。结论：通过5＇RACE法得到了3株抗人前列腺干细胞抗原单克隆抗体轻链与重链可变区基因,为进一步研究抗体三维结构、人源化改造奠定了基础。     

A human monoclonal antibody derived from a vaccinated volunteer recognizes heterosubtypically a novel epitope on the hemagglutinin globular head of H1 and H9 influenza A viruses

Most neutralizing antibodies elicited during influenza virus infection or by vaccination have a narrow spectrum because they usually target variable epitopes in the globular head region of hemagglutinin (HA). In this study, we describe a human monoclonal antibody (HuMAb), 5D7, that was prepared from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of a vaccinated volunteer using the fusion method. The HuMAb heterosubtypically neutralizes group 1 influenza A viruses, including seasonal H1N1, 2009 pandemic H1N1 (H1N1pdm) and avian H9N2, with a strong hemagglutinin inhibition activity. Selection of an escape mutant showed that the HuMAb targets a novel conformational epitope that is located in the HA head region but is distinct from the receptor binding site. Furthermore, Phe114Ile substitution in the epitope made the HA unrecognizable by the HuMAb. Amino acid residues in the predicted epitope region are also highly conserved in the HAs of H1N1 and H9N2. The HuMAb reported here may be a potential candidate for the development of therapeutic/prophylactic antibodies against H1 and H9 influenza viruses.