条斑紫菜多糖抗疲劳生物活性研究

主要应用活体动物实验技术,研究了纯化产物紫菜多糖的抗疲劳作用及量效关系。通过紫菜多糖PY-G1不同剂量对小鼠游泳时间、乳酸脱氢酶活性、肌糖原和肝糖原含量等指标的检测,分析了紫菜多糖提高小鼠抗疲劳生物活性功能及其量效关系。实验结果表明,紫菜多糖可显著延长小鼠游泳时间,最高可以提高37%;并且可以使小鼠在游泳前后乳酸脱氢酶含量分别增加35%和37.5%(P<0.05);增加小鼠肌糖原储备量和肝糖原储备量,其肌糖原储备量和肝糖原储备量最高可以分别增加85.6%和86%。实验结果表明,条斑紫菜多糖具有明显提高小鼠抗疲劳生物学活性。     

黄芪多糖抗小鼠疲劳的作用机制研究

目的:探讨黄芪多糖对小鼠的抗疲劳作用及机制。方法:该研究分为实验组和对照组两组,实验组设置三组剂量0.2,0.05,0.0125 g/kg对小鼠连续灌胃28天,对照组给予蒸馏水灌胃,进行负重游泳试验计算游泳力竭时间,并检测小鼠全血中血糖,血中乳酸含量,肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量及肌组织中糖原储备量。结果:1).与对照组相比较,黄芪多糖低剂量、高剂量组小鼠负重游泳时力竭时间明显延长;2).中剂量组小鼠运动后肝脏SOD活力值比对照组明显增高,高剂量组肌糖原的储存量明显升高,而低剂量组乳酸明显降低。结论:黄芪多糖具有抗疲劳作用,可能通过增加抗氧化酶类SOD活性、减少乳酸的产生及增加肌糖原能量储存等途径起作用。     

双歧杆菌发酵果蔬汁对小鼠抗疲劳作用的实验研究

目的检测发酵果蔬汁对小鼠的抗疲劳作用。方法将3种果蔬汁按一定比例加入双歧杆菌、保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌,经发酵,分别以高中低3个剂量喂食小鼠30d后,进行小鼠负重游泳实验,检测肝糖原、乳酸和尿素氮等各项抗疲劳指标。结果3种果蔬汁均能显著延长小鼠负重游泳时间,提高小鼠肝糖原的储备量;降低小鼠游泳后血乳酸和尿素氮均值,增加血红蛋白含量及乳酸脱氢酶活性,减少血尿酸含量。且抗疲劳强度程度与型量声低有一定相差。结论3种发酵果蔬汁具有抗疲劳作用。     

人参蚂蚁药酒对小鼠的抗疲劳作用

目的:研究人参蚂蚁药酒对小鼠的抗疲劳作用.方法:将150只雄性昆明种小鼠按体重随机分为5组,分别灌胃不同剂量的人参蚂蚁药酒及红景天溶液(阳性对照组),同样体积蒸馏水(阴性对照组),14 d后称量小鼠体重,分别检测小鼠力竭游泳时间,运动后血清尿素氮、全血乳酸以及肝、肌糖原含量.结果:灌胃15 d后人参蚂蚁药酒对小鼠的体重...     

桔梗多糖抗疲劳活性研究北大核心CSCD

利用水提醇沉法提取桔梗多糖,以西洋参为阳性对照,蒸馏水为空白对照,分析了桔梗多糖对小鼠抗疲劳作用效果及有效剂量。三种浓度的桔梗多糖(0.2、0.5、0.8 mg/m L)作用于小鼠,21 d后测定小鼠负重游泳时间、肝糖原含量、血尿素氮和血乳酸含量。结果表明:小鼠负重游泳时间明显延长,血尿素氮显著下降,肝糖原的含量明显升高(P<0.01),血乳酸含量下降。桔梗多糖的高、中、低浓度组能有效提高小鼠的抗疲劳能力,其中多糖0.8 mg/m L浓度组效果最好。     

阿里红多糖对小鼠抗疲劳和耐缺氧的作用*

目的:研究阿里红多糖对小鼠的抗疲劳和耐缺氧作用。方法:将48只小鼠随机分为4组(n=12),即对照组,低、中、高剂量阿里红多糖组(100、200、400 mg/kg)。各组小鼠按0.20 ml/10 g每日连续灌胃21 d后,观察不同剂量的阿里红多糖对小鼠负重游泳时间,运动后血清尿素氮、血乳酸、肝糖原、肌糖原含量和常压耐缺氧存活时间、断头后呼吸维持时间的影响。结果:与对照组相比,阿里红多糖能延长小鼠负重游泳时间、耐缺氧存活时间及断头后呼吸维持时间,其中中、高剂量组差异均极显著(P＜0.01),低剂量组差异显著(P＜0.05);阿里红多糖能降低运动小鼠血清尿素氮、血乳酸含量,增加运动小鼠肝糖原、肌糖原含量,且大都差异显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜ 0.01)。结论:阿里红多糖具有抗疲劳作用和提高耐缺氧能力作用。     

花生肽对小鼠的抗疲劳作用研究

目的：探讨花生肽对ICR小鼠的抗疲劳作用。方法：采用SPF级雄性ICR小鼠80只按体重随机分为4组,分别为空白对照组、3个花生肽干预组（250、500、1 000 mg/kg BW］。每日经口灌胃给予受试样品水溶液,干预周期为30 d,干预结束后进行负重游泳试验,并对各组小鼠负重游泳力竭时间进行记录,同时对其血糖水平、血清尿素氮含量及乳酸脱氢酶活力进行测定,并检测各组小鼠血乳酸水平,检测各组小鼠肝、肌糖原含量,并测定小鼠血清生化指标,同时测定小鼠心肌、肝脏及腓肠肌氧化应激和脂质过氧化指标水平。结果：与空白对照组相比,花生肽可显著延长小鼠负重游泳力竭时间,并提高其乳酸脱氢酶活性,降低运动后小鼠血乳酸含量,加强肌糖原储备,提高心肌SOD活力。结论：花生肽具备一定的抗疲劳作用。     

桔梗多糖抗疲劳活性研究

利用水提醇沉法提取桔梗多糖,以西洋参为阳性对照,蒸馏水为空白对照,分析了桔梗多糖对小鼠抗疲劳作用效果及有效剂量。三种浓度的桔梗多糖(0.2、0.5、0.8 mg/m L)作用于小鼠,21 d后测定小鼠负重游泳时间、肝糖原含量、血尿素氮和血乳酸含量。结果表明:小鼠负重游泳时间明显延长,血尿素氮显著下降,肝糖原的含量明显升高(P0.01),血乳酸含量下降。桔梗多糖的高、中、低浓度组能有效提高小鼠的抗疲劳能力,其中多糖0.8 mg/m L浓度组效果最好。     

大豆卵磷脂对小鼠的抗疲劳和抗氧化作用研究

目的:研究大豆卵磷脂的抗疲劳及抗氧化作用。方法:小鼠经口给予大豆卵磷脂30天后,采用负重游泳实验,观察记录小鼠游泳死亡时间;检测血清尿素氮、肝糖原;测定血清和肝匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力、丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果:给予大豆卵磷脂后,与对照组相比,实验组小鼠负重游泳时间明显延长,肝糖原消耗量减少,降低运动后血清尿素氮水平(P<0.05);升高小鼠血清和肝匀浆SOD活性及GSH-Px活力,降低MDA的含量(P<0.05)。结论:大豆卵磷脂具有抗疲劳和抗氧化作用。     

红托竹荪多糖抗疲劳和耐缺氧作用研究

考察红托竹荪多糖(Dictyophora rubrovalvata polysaccharide,DRP)抗疲劳和耐缺氧活性。采用水提醇沉法提取DRP,建立小鼠负重游泳模型和耐缺氧模型,同时灌胃不同剂量的DRP溶液,15 d后测定小鼠力竭游泳时间、耐缺氧时间以及小鼠力竭游泳后血乳酸(BLA)、血尿素氮(BUN)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和肝糖原、肌糖原含量。实验结果表明DRP能延长负重小鼠的游泳时间,降低疲劳小鼠BLA、BUN、MDA含量,升高SOD、肝糖原和肌糖原含量,延长小鼠常压耐缺氧存活时间。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism