家鸽不同组织同工酶的初步研究

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法对家鸽不同组织的酯酶同工酶、乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的酶谱进行了观察和试验分析。计算了家鸽8种组织酯酶同工酶各自酶带的Rf值。显示出家鸽8种组织的酯酶同工酶酶带和7种组织的乳酸脱氢酶同工酶酶谱分布特征具有明显的组织特异性。初步分析了基因位点与酶谱带型之间的相互关系,对于鸟类的生化分析和遗传研究有参考作用。     

玉米过氧化物酶同工酶Px、位点和醋酶同工酶Est3位点的遗传基础研究

同工酶是基因表达后的产物,是分子水平 上的表型〔幻。和个体水平上的表型一样,通过 同工酶在世代间的表现,就可以分析其遗传基 础。对同工酶的遗传基础的深人分析,有助于 了解基因与酶之间的关系及酶与个体水平上表 型的关系。这些关系的阐明,是当代分子生物 学的重要课题,并且对同工酶在实践中的应用 也具有重要的意义。国外对植物同工酶生化遗 传学研究的报道很多〔‘一,。,,国内黄炳权等〔31对水 稻醋酶同工酶的遗传基础进行了研究,程家胜 等〔叼对苹果过氧化物酶同工酶也作过遗传分 析。但是,不同的植物,不同的酶系统,甚至同一 种酶的不同同工酶带的遗传基础是不同的。本 文试图用经典遗传学与分子生物学手段相结合 的方法,对玉米幼苗的过氧化物酶同工酶和醋 酶同工酶进行遗传分析,以期探明这些同工酶 带的遗传基础。     

细菌酯酶同工酶聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术研究

本文应用纸片法筛选出5种动物病原菌的醋酶同工酶阳性株,并对3种强阳性株应用PAGE进行酶谱测定。同时对这些细菌酯酶同工酶样品的提取及测定条件进行了摸索。结果表明：不同细菌酯酶同工酶酶谱存在着显著差异。这为某些细菌种鉴定提供一种方法。     

利用醇溶蛋白和同工酶鉴别小麦亲本三系及杂种种子的研究

用改良的酸性电泳方法对L型杂种小麦及亲本三系的种子醇溶蛋白进行了研究,结果表明,用醇溶蛋白的酸性电泳可鉴别出杂种与父本及常规种之间的差异,而不能鉴别出不育系及相应保持系之间的明显差异。用酯酶,过氧化物酶,ATP酶的同工酶对供试材料幼苗做进一步检测,发现只有ATP酶同工酶能将L型不育系及相应保持系鉴别出来,单用同工酶法或醇溶蛋白电泳法都不能将L型杂种及亲本三系完全区分开。     

社鼠组织器官同工酶的研究

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶等电聚焦电泳方法,分析了社鼠的肝、肾、心肌、骨骼肌、肺、脾和脑等多种组织器官的ＬＤＨ、ＡＤＨ、ＥＳＴ、和ＳＯＤ４种同工酶,对各组织器官的酶带数目和分布,以及酶活性进行了比较研究。结果表明,社鼠的ＬＤＨ同工酶、ＡＤＨ同工酶和ＥＳＴ同工酶具有比较明显的组织特异性,而ＳＯＤ同工酶的组织特异性较低。肺和脾除ＥＳＴ同工酶活性较高外,脑除ＬＤＨ同工酶活性较高外,其它３种同工酶的活性均较低;而肝和肾中４种同工酶的活性普遍很高。心肌和骨骼肌因氧张力不同而使ＬＤＨ同工酶酶谱存在明显差异,但其它３种同工酶酶谱却非常相似。同工酶的组织特异性与各组织器官所执行的生理功能是相一致的     

棉属种间高代系的过氧化物酶同工酶研究

利用薄层等电聚焦方法,对已稳定遗传２０代的棉属陆地棉（Ｇｏｓｓｙｐｉｕｍ ｈｉｒｓｕｔｕｍ ）×中棉（Ｇ．ａｒｂｏｒｅｕｍ ）种间高代系蕾期真叶及花药中的过氧化物酶同工酶进行研究,结果表明：１．同一棉种的不同品种,其过氧化物酶同工酶基本相同,同一染色体组的不同棉种,其过氧化物酶同工酶存在一定的差异,不同染色体组的棉种,其过氧化物酶同工酶存在显著的差异;２．高代系的同工酶谱与母本“科遗２号”相似,而与父本中棉“完紫”具有较大的差异     

离体培养的玉米花药及花粉植株后代过氧化物酶同工酶的分析

近年来,同工酶技术在生物学研究中已得到广泛的重视与应用。一些研究表明,同工酶可以用于预测杂种优势、筛选抗病品种、鉴定远缘杂交种和花药培养获得的花粉植株。我们对玉米不同材料、未培养与培养的花药以及花粉植株后代的过氧化物酶同工酶的表现进行了研究,以便探明过氧化物酶同工酶在不同材料上的差异:在培养过程中酶的变化以及与花粉植株后代的遗传学表现之间的关系。本文将报道上述实验结果。     

六种石磺科贝类超氧化物歧化酶和酯酶同工酶分析

采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直板凝胶电泳分离技术对中国东南沿海的石磺科6种石磺的腹足、肝胰脏两种组织的超氧化物歧化酶和酯酶同工酶进行分析.明确了其酶谱的特征及分布,并利用聚类分析方法对种间的亲缘关系进行了研究.同工酶聚类分析显示,紫色疣石磺(Peronia verruculata)和小紫疣石磺(Peronia sp.)的亲缘关系最近;里氏拟石磺(Paraoncidium reevesii)和白底拟石磺(Paraoncidium sp.)聚为一类;平疣桑椹石磺(Platevindex mortoni)和瘤背石磺(Onchidium struma)聚为一类.种间的个体酶谱表型有差异,同属的种间差异小于不同属的种间差异.酶谱的差异程度与形态分类学中的亲缘关系相近.利用超氧化物歧化酶同工酶和酯酶同工酶酶谱表型也可以作为一种蛋白分子标记应用于石磺科属种的分类鉴定.     

苜蓿组织培养中球形胚发生时特异蛋白质和同工酶分析

试验在苜蓿组织培养中,对球形胚形成过程中特异蛋白质表达的模式、过氧化物酶及酯酶同工酶酶谱变化进行研究,结果表明：苜蓿组织培养中从胚性愈伤组织到球形胚发育的进程中,顺序消失和出现了11种中小分子量多肽;过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱发生了显著的变化;酯酶同工酶酶谱变化不大,但其总活力对于维持体细胞胚胎发生是必须的。     

兔血清中过氧化物酶同工酶在兔分类中的研究

应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法（PAGE）对中国白兔、新西兰兔、獭兔血清中的过氧化物酶同工酶进行研究。研究结果表明：这三种兔在血清中的过氧化物酶有着明显的区别,可以利用过氧化物酶的区别对兔种进行分类鉴定。本方法可为过氧化物酶同工酶在动物分类鉴定中提供参考依据。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.