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1.
Li-Jia Xu Feng Huang Si-Bao Chen Lian-Niang Li Shi-Lin Chen Pei-Gen Xiao 《植物学报(英文版)》2006,48(12):1493-1497
In the course of our study of bioactive natural products from Schisandra plants, we isolated a neolignan from an EtOAc extract of the stems of Schisandra propinqua (Wall.) Baill. The structure of the new com- pound was determined to be 4, 4-di (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenly)-2, 3-dimethylbutanol (compound 1) on the basis of 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra and 2D NMR methods. Eight known compounds, compounds 2-9, were also isolated and identified, of which compounds 3, 4, 6 and 9 were isolated for the first time from this plant. In addition, compounds 1-4 were evaluated for cytotoxicity by an 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2 thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H- tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Compound 1 showed significant potential cytotoxic ability in the bioassay. 相似文献
2.
Non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica carnpestris ssp. chinensis Makino) is one of the most important vegetables in eastern China. A genetic linkage map was constructed using 127 doubled haploid (DH) lines, and the DH population was derived from a commercial hybrid "Hanxiao" (lines SW-13 x L-118). Out of the 614 polyrnorphic markers, 43.49% were not assigned to any of the linkage groups (LGs). Chi-square tests showed that 42.67% markers were distorted from expected Mendelian segregation ratios, and the direction of distorted segregation was mainly toward the paternal parent L-118. After sequentially removing the markers that had an interval distance smaller than 1 cM from the upper marker, the overall quality of the linkage map was increased. Two hundred and sixty-eight molecular markers were mapped into 10 LGs, which were anchored to the corresponding chromosome of the B. rapa reference map based on com- mon simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The map covers 973.38 cM of the genome and the average interval distance between markers was 3.63 cM. The number of markers on each LG ranged from 18 (R08) to 64 (R07), with an average interval distance within a single LG from 1.70 cM (R07) to 6.71 cM (R06). Among these mapped markers, 169 were sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) molecular markers, 50 were SSR markers and 49 were random amplification polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. With further saturation to the LG9 the current map offers a genetic tool for loci analysis for important agronomic traits. 相似文献
3.
KONGLing—Yi QINMin—Jian NIWAMasatake 《Acta Botanica Sinica》2004,46(2):159-164
Two novel bis—labdanic diterpenoids named calcaratarin G and calcaratarin H were isolated from the rhizomes of Alpinia calcarata Rosc.Their structures were elucidated to be a pair of stereoiso-mers on the basis of the spectral evidence.The 2D NMR techniques including’H-1H COSY,HMQC,HMBC,NOESY and HRFABMS were extensively applied to establish the structures. 相似文献
4.
JUSTIN N. OKOLLE MASHHOR MANSOR ABU HASSAN AHMAD 《Insect Science》2006,13(5):381-389
Spatial distribution of immatures of the banana skipper (Erionota thrax L.) and their parasitisms from three major parasitoids were studied in a Cavendish banana plantation from April 2004 to December 2004. Infestation levels and parasitism of E. thrax life stages were recorded from bunched plants (BP), flowering plants (FP), preflowered plants (PF), broad leaf followers (BLF) and narrow leaf followers (NLF), as well as on well managed and poorly managed plants. Mean numbers of the immatures and numbers parasitized from the nine blocks in the plantation were fitted to four dispersion indices. Significant numbers of E. thrax immatures and those parasitized by Ooencyrtus erionotae, Cotesia erionotae and Brachymeria albotibialis were recorded from BLF and PF; no eggs were found on BP and FP. Although infestation was higher on well managed plants, only larval parasitism was significantly different. Three of the four indices indicated that eggs and larvae were random while all the indices showed pupae to be clumped. Parasitized eggs and pupae were clumped (4/4 indices) while 3/4 indices revealed a random pattern for parasitized larvae. 相似文献
5.
It is generally accepted that Oryza rufipogon is the progenitor of Asian cultivated rice (O. sativa). However, how the two subspecies of O. sativa (indica and japonica) were domesticated has long been debated. To investigate the genetic differentiation in O. rufipogon in relation to the domestication of O. sativa, we developed 57 subspecies-specific intron length polymorphism (SSILP) markers by comparison between 10 indica cultivars and 10 japonica cultivars and defined a standard indica rice and a standard japonica rice based on these SSILP markers. Using these SSILP markers to genotype 73 O. rufipogon accessions, we found that the indica alleles and japonica alleles of the SSILP markers were predominant in the O. rufipogon accessions, suggesting that SSILPs were highly conserved during the evolution of O. sativa. Cluster analysis based on these markers yielded a dendrogram consisting of two distinct groups: one group (Group I) comprises all the O. rufipogon accesions from tropical (South and Southeast) Asia as well as the standard indica rice; the other group (Group II) comprises all the O. rufipogon accessions from Southern China as well as the standard japonica rice. Further analysis showed that the two groups have significantly higher frequencies of indica alleles and japonica alleles, respectively. These results support the hypothesis that indica rice and japonica rice were domesticated from the O. rufipogon of tropical Asia and from that of Southern China, respectively, and suggest that the indica-japonica differentiation should have formed in O. rufipogon long before the beginning of domestication. Furthermore, with an O. glaberrima accession as an outgroup, it is suggested that the indica-japonica differentiation in O. ruffpogon might occur after its speciation from other AA-genome species. 相似文献
6.
Eight compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate- and n-butanol-soluble fractions of the ethanollc extract of the whole plant of Anoectochllus roxburghll(Wali.) Lindi. (Orchidaceee). On the basis of spectroscopic methods, the structures of these compounds were elucidated as quercetin-7-O-β-D-[6"-O-(trans-feruloyi)]- giucopyranosids (compound 1), 8-C-p-HydroxybenzyiquerceUn (compound 2), isorhamnetin-7-O-β-D- giucopyranoside (compound 3), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-giucopyranoside (compound 4), kaempferoi-3-O-β-D- giucopyranoside (compound 5), kaempferoi-7-O-β-D-giucopyranoside (compound 6), 5-hydroxy-3',4',7- trimethoxyfiavonoi-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (compound 7), and isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (compound 8). Of the compounds isoisted, compound 1 was a new flavonoid giucoside and exhibited strong scavenging activity against the 1,1-diphenyi-2-picryihydrazyi free radical, whereas the ethanolic extract showed weak activity. Compounds 2-8 were obtained from this family for the first time. 相似文献
7.
Assessment of genetic diversity in broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) using SSR markers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The genetic diversity of 118 accessions of broomcom millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), collected from various ecological areas, was analyzed. Using 46 SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) polymorphic markers from rice, wheat, oat and barley, a total of 226 alleles were found, which exhibited moderate level of diversity. The number of alleles per primer ranged from two to nine, with an average of 4.91. The range of polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.2844).980 (average, 0.793). The expected heterozygosity (He) varied from 0.346 to 0.989, with an average of 0.834. The average coefficient of the genetic similarity of SSR markers among the 118 accessions was 0.609, and it ranged from 0.461 to 0.851. The UPGMA (Unweight Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) clustering analysis at the genetic similarity value of 0.609 grouped the 118 accessions into five groups. Mantel test meant that geographical origin and genetic distance presented positive correlation. The clustering results were consistent with known information on ecological growing areas. The genetic similarity coefficient of the accessions in the Loess Plateau ecotype was significantly lower than those in the other ecotypes. It indicates that the highest level of genetic diversity occurred in the Loess Plateau, which is probably the original site of Panicum miliaceum. 相似文献
8.
Hui-Ling YANG Xuan-Wei ZHU Ming DONG Zhen-Ying HUANG Zhi-Ping CAO 《植物学报(英文版)》2005,47(12):1450-1458
Responses of caryopsis germination, seedling emergence, and development of Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. (Gramineae) and Bromus inermis Leyss. (Gramineae), two dominant perennial grasses in the Otindag Sandland of China, to different sand water content (SWC; 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 12%, 16%, and 20%) were studied comparatively. The results showed that the germination responses of the two grasses to SWC were similar (i.e. caryopses could not germinate when the SWC was below 3%; at SWC ranging from 3% to 12%, the higher the SWC, the higher the germination percentage; and at a SWC of 12%-20%, germination reached similarly high percentages). At a sand burial depth of 0.5 cm, the threshold of SWC for seedling emergence was 6% forA. cristatum and 8% forB. inermis; at 12%-20% SWC, the seedling emergence of both species reached similarly high percentages. The seedling growth responses of these two species to SWC gradients were different. For A. cristatum, the biomass of seedlings increased with SWC from 6% to 12%, and decreased with SWC from 12% to 20%. For B. inermis, the biomass of seedlings always increased with SWC from 8% to 20%. The results also showed that the seedlings of both species allocated more biomass to the roots with decreases in SWC. The SWC changes from April to October in natural microhabitats of both species suggested that the SWC may play an important role in caryopsis germination, seedling emergence, and the growth characteristics of the two grasses. The responses of caryopsis germination, seedling emergence, and the growth characteristics of these two species to SWC may determine their distribution pattems in the Otindag Sandland. 相似文献
9.
A New Isoflavonoid from Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Min-Jian QIN Wen-Liang JI Zheng-Tao WANG Wen-Cai YE 《植物学报(英文版)》2005,47(11):1404-1408
A new isoflavonoid, 5, 6, 7, 3'-terahydroxy-8, 4', 5'-trimethoxyisoflavone (1), along with 10 known isoflavonoids, namely 5, 6, 7, 4'-tetrahydroxy-8-methoxyisoflavone (2), irilone (3), genistein (4), tectorigenin (5), irigenin (6), irisflorentin (7), dichotomitin (8), dimethyltectorigenin (9), iridin (10), and tectoridin (11), was isolated from the alcohol extract of the rhizomes of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of results of spectroscopic analysis. 相似文献
10.
Sheng-You Xu Ying-Xu Chen Wei-Xiang Wu Shao-Jian Zheng Sheng-Guo Xue Shi-Ying Yang Yi-Jin Peng 《植物学报(英文版)》2007,49(2):187-195
Phytoremedlation is a relatively new approach to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environment. When plants are grown under pyrene treatment, they respond by synthesizing a set of protective proteins. To learn more about protein changes in response to pyrene treatment, we extracted total proteins from the leaves of maize (Zea mays L.) 1 week after pyrene treatment. The proteins extracted were separated with twodimensional gel electrophoresis. In total, approximately 54 protein spots were found by comparing gels from treated and control groups. According to the Isoelectric point, molecular weight, and abundance of these protein spots, 20 pyrene-lnduced proteins were found to have changed abundance. Of these, 15 protein spots were Increased and five protein spots were newly appeared in pyrene-treated plant leaves. Six model upregulated protein spots of different molecular weights were excised from the gels and subjected to trypsin digestion followed by peptide separation using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Peptlde masses were used to search the matrix-science database for protein Identification. Two of the proteins were Identified on the basis of the homology of their peptide profiles with existing protein sequences as pyruvate orthophosphate diklnase and the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunlt. These proteins are Involved in the regulation of carbohydrate and energy metabolism. The present study gives new Insights into the pyrene stress response In maize leaves and demonstrates the power of the proteomlc approach in phytoremedlation of PAHs. 相似文献
11.
Three new 4,5‐seco‐20(10→5)‐abeo‐abietane diterpenoids, 16‐hydroxysalvilenone ( 1 ), 15‐hydroxysalprionin ( 2 ), and 11β,15‐dihydroxysalprionin‐12‐one ( 3 ), and nine known abietane diterpenoids, 4 – 12 , along with one known sempervirane diterpenoid, hispidanol A ( 13 ), were isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon lophanthoides var. graciliflorus. The structures of compounds 1 – 3 were determined on the basis of spectroscopic methods including extensive analysis of NMR and mass spectroscopic data. All diterpenoids were tested for their TNF‐α inhibitory effects on LPS‐induced RAW264.7 cells. Compound 9 (16‐acetoxyhorminone) was the most potent with an IC50 value of 3.97±0.70 μm . 相似文献
12.
Wei‐Guang Wang Zhao‐Yuan Wu Rui Chen Hai‐Zhou Li Hong‐Mei Li Yuan‐Dan Li Rong‐Tao Li Huai‐Rong Luo 《化学与生物多样性》2013,10(6):1061-1071
Four highly acylated diterpenoids, designated as pierisformotoxins A–D ( 1 – 4 , resp.), along with 26 known compounds, were isolated from the flowers of Pieris formosa. Among them, pierisformotoxins A and B ( 1 and 2 , resp.) were new highly acylated grayanane diterpenoids, of which the five‐membered ring A has undergone an oxidative cleavage between C(3) and C(4), followed by lactonization, to give rise to a five‐membered lactone ring between C(3) and C(5), differing from the previously reported grayanane diterpenoids with a 5/7/6/5 ring system. Results of the cAMP‐regulation‐activity assay showed that pierisformotoxin C ( 3 ) at 10 μM (inhibitory ratio (IR): 10.1%) or 2 μM (9.8%), and pierisformotoxin B ( 2 ) at 50 μM (13.9%) significantly decreased the cAMP level in N1E‐115 neuroblastoma cells (p<0.05). 相似文献
13.
Gang Li Jin‐Chuan Zhou Jiao‐Zhen Zhang You‐Ming Zhang Guo‐Sheng Shi Hong‐Xiang Lou 《化学与生物多样性》2016,13(12):1685-1690
In our continuing program to find new bioactive compounds from the Chinese liverworts, four new kaurane‐type diterpenoids, (6β)‐kaur‐16‐ene‐6,9‐diol ( 1 ), (6β,12β)‐kaur‐16‐ene‐6,9,12‐triol ( 2 ), (6β)‐kaur‐16‐ene‐5,6,9‐triol ( 3 ), and kaur‐16‐ene‐9,19‐diol ( 4 ), have been isolated from the Chinese liverwort Jungermannia comata Nees . Five known kaurane‐type diterpenoids ( 5 – 9 ) and four known trachylobane‐type diterpenoids ( 10 – 13 ) were also obtained. The structures of the new compounds were established unequivocally on the basis of spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of compound 1 was established by comparing experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. 相似文献
14.
Diterpenes from the Roots of Oryza sativa L. and Their Inhibition Activity on NO Production in LPS‐Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages
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Jin‐Gyeong Cho Byeong‐Ju Cha Sang Min Lee Sabina Shrestha Rak‐Hun Jeong Dong Sung Lee Youn‐Chul Kim Dong‐Geol Lee Hee‐Cheol Kang Jiyoung Kim Nam‐In Baek 《化学与生物多样性》2015,12(9):1356-1364
Two new pimarane diterpenoids, momilactone D ( 3 ) and momilactone E ( 5 ), along with three known diterpenoids, momilactone A ( 1 ), sandaracopimaradien‐3‐one ( 2 ), and oryzalexin A ( 4 ) were isolated from Oryza sativa roots. The chemical structures of the compounds were determined by spectroscopic data analysis. The isolated diterpenoids were evaluated for their ability to inhibit NO production and iNOS mRNA and protein expression in LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Compound 4 showed strong inhibition activity on NO production, and compounds 1 and 4 decreased the expression of iNOS mRNA and protein levels. 相似文献
15.
Lipophilic Extracts from Needles and Defoliated Twigs of Pinus pumila from Two Different Populations
Alexander V. Shpatov Sergey A. Popov Olga I. Salnikova Emma N. Shmidt Suk Woo Kang Sang Min Kim Byung Hun Um 《化学与生物多样性》2013,10(2):198-208
Hexane extracts of needles and defoliated twigs of Pinus pumila (Pall. ) Regel from two distant populations, located in the southwest and the east (i.e., Lake Baikal region and Sakhalin Island) of the species distribution range were studied by GC/MS analysis. Composition and retention indices of major components were determined. A drastic composition divergence for the extracts of P. pumila needles and defoliated twigs, depending on growth location, was established. Needle extracts from the eastern population sample contained mainly labdane‐type acids (anticopalic acid derivatives), whereas the predominant components of needle extracts from the other population sample were abietane‐type acids (abietic, neoabietic acids) and isopimarane‐type diterpenoids (sandaracopimaric acid, sandaracopimaradien‐3β‐ol). The main components of defoliated twig extracts from Sakhalin Island population sample were abietane‐type acids and cembrane‐type diterpenoids, while content of these compounds in the extracts of the southwestern marginal population sample was remarkably lower. 相似文献
16.
Four new diterpenoids named cuceolatins A–D, including three labdane‐type ( 1 – 3 ) and one abietane‐type ( 4 ) as well as three known labdane analogs ( 5 – 7 ), were reported from the leaves of Cunninghamia lanceolata. Structural assignments for these compounds were conducted by analyses of spectroscopic data, and their absolute configurations were determined by time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) based electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Among them, the abietane‐type diterpenoid (11‐hydroxy‐12‐methoxyabieta‐8,11,13‐trien‐3‐one ( 4 )) showed significant cytotoxicity against human MDA‐MB‐231, MCF‐7, and HeLa tumor cell lines with IC50 measurements of 4.3, 2.8 and 4.5 μm , respectively, while the labdane‐type diterpenoids with a 4α‐carboxy group ( 1 – 3 and 5 ) exhibited moderate antibacterial activity towards Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus with IC50 values all below 25 μm . 相似文献
17.
Juan Hua Shi‐Hong Luo Yan Liu Yan‐Chun Liu Yan‐Yun Tan Ling Feng Chao‐Jiang Xiao Ke‐Qin Zhang Sheng‐Hong Li Xue‐Mei Niu 《化学与生物多样性》2017,14(10)
Three new macrocyclic diterpenoids, euphoscopoids A – C ( 1 – 3 ), including two new jatrophanes and a new lathyrane, were isolated from the whole plant of Euphorbia helioscopia. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Antifeedant and cytotoxic activities of these isolates were evaluated. All compounds showed significant antifeedant activity against a generalist plant‐feeding insect, Helicoverpa armigera, with EC50 values ranging from 2.05 to 4.34 μg/cm2. In addition, compound 2 showed moderate cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines NCI‐H1975, HepG2, and MCF‐2, while compounds 1 and 3 were not active at 80 μm . The results suggested not only the defensive function of macrocyclic diterpenoids in E. helioscopia against insect herbivores, but also their potential applications as new natural insect antifeedants. 相似文献
18.
Zha‐Jun Zhan Yan‐Tao Wen Feng‐Yun Ren Gui‐Wei Rao Wei‐Guang Shan Cheng‐Ping Li 《化学与生物多样性》2012,9(12):2754-2760
Two new labdane diterpenoids, namely hedycoronals A and B ( 1 and 2 , resp.), were isolated from the rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium, together with eight known diterpenoids, 4 – 11 , and a known diarylheptanoid, 3 . The structures of 1 and 2 were established by detailed interpretation of their 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectra and HR‐ESI‐MS data. Inhibitory activities against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUMECs) proliferation and cytotoxic activities against four cancer cell lines were assessed for all the isolates. Most of these metabolites showed moderate or potent cytotoxic activities against four cancer cell lines. Moreover, compounds 3 and 8 exhibited promising inhibitory activities against HUMECs with the IC50 values of 6.4 to 3.3 μM . 相似文献
19.
Six new 6,7‐seco‐ent‐kaurane diterpenoids, sculponeatins N–S ( 1 – 6 , resp.), together with eleven known analogues, 7 – 17 , were isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon sculponeatus. The structures of compounds 1 – 6 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments, as well as HR‐ESI‐MS analysis. All diterpenoids obtained were assayed for their cytotoxic activity against K562 and HepG2 human tumor cell lines. Among them, compound 1 showed the most significant cytotoxicity with the IC50 values of 0.21 and 0.29 μM , respectively. The structure–activity relationships are discussed. 相似文献