注射罗格列酮对多发性骨髓瘤小鼠细胞免疫功能与Caspase-3表达的影响

摘要 目的：探讨注射罗格列酮对多发性骨髓瘤小鼠细胞免疫功能与Caspase-3表达的影响。方法：多发性骨髓瘤小鼠随机平分为三组-模型组、红细胞组与罗格列酮组,红细胞组与罗格列酮组分别给予经尾静脉注射重组鼠源促红细胞生成素5.0 mg/kg与罗格列酮5 mg/kg 100 μL,模型组给予尾静脉注射等体积生理盐水,每天给药1次,检测细胞免疫功能与Caspase-3表达变化情况。结果：三组治疗第7 d与治疗第14 d的肿瘤体积高于治疗第1 d(P<0.05),红细胞组与罗格列酮组低于模型组(P<0.05),罗格列酮组低于红细胞组(P<0.05)。红细胞组与罗格列酮组治疗第7 d与治疗第14 d的血清白介素(Interleukin,IL)-6与肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor necrosis factor,TNF)-α水含量低于模型组(P<0.05),罗格列酮组低于红细胞组(P<0.05)。红细胞组与罗格列酮组治疗第14 d与治疗第28 d的脾脏B淋巴细胞、T淋巴细胞比例对比高于模型组(P<0.05),罗格列酮组高于红细胞组(P<0.05)。红细胞组与罗格列酮组治疗第14 d与治疗第28 d的脑黑质Caspase-3蛋白表达水平低于模型组(P<0.05),罗格列酮组低于红细胞组(P<0.05)。结论：注射罗格列酮在多发性骨髓瘤小鼠的应用能改善细胞免疫功能,抑制脑黑质Caspase-3的表达,同时也能促进小鼠体重恢复,抑制炎症因子的表达。     

柴芩承气汤辅助治疗对急性胰腺炎患者Th17/Treg免疫失衡和外周血TLR4/NF-κB通路mRNA表达的影响

摘要 目的：观察柴芩承气汤辅助治疗对急性胰腺炎（AP）患者辅助性T 细胞17（Th17）/调节性T细胞（Treg）免疫失衡和外周血Toll样受体4（TLR4）/核因子κB（NF-κB）通路mRNA表达的影响。方法：纳入2021年3月到2022年12月期间成都市第一人民医院收治的90例AP患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和实验组,各为45例。对照组患者接受常规西医治疗,实验组患者在对照组的基础上接受柴芩承气汤辅助治疗。对比两组疗效、中医证候评分、Th17/Treg免疫失衡相关指标、外周血TLR4/NF-κB通路mRNA表达。结果：实验组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗1周后,两组腹痛剧烈、有痞满燥实坚征象、日晡潮热、恶心呕吐、小便短赤中医证候评分均下降,且实验组低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗1周后,两组Th17细胞比例、Th17/Treg均下降,且实验组低于对照组（P<0.05）,治疗1周后,两组Treg细胞比例升高,且实验组高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗1周后,两组TLR4 mRNA、NF-κB mRNA均下降,且实验组低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：柴芩承气汤辅助治疗AP患者,可提升治疗效果,降低中医证候积分,调节Th17/Treg免疫失衡和外周血TLR4/NF-κB通路mRNA表达。     

阿魏酸钠对肺结核模型小鼠免疫功能及肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬功能的调控作用研究

摘要 目的：探讨与分析阿魏酸钠对肺结核模型小鼠免疫功能及肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬功能的调控作用。方法：肺结核模型小鼠(n=36)随机分为模型组、利福平组、阿魏酸钠组,每组各12只。利福平组、阿魏酸钠组分别给予100 mg/kg剂量的利福平与阿魏酸钠,模型组小鼠灌胃等量生理盐水,1次/d,给药6周,观察与记录所有小鼠的一般特征;分别于给药第2周、第4周、第6周,HE染色观察小鼠的病理特征;MDA检测试剂盒和总SOD活性检测试剂盒测定肺组织MDA水平与SOD活性;流式细胞仪检测小鼠T淋巴细胞亚群-CD3⁺T淋巴细胞、CD4⁺T淋巴细胞水平;酶联免疫法检测血清IL-6、IL-8含量;AnnexinV-FITC检测肺泡巨噬细胞凋亡率。结果：利福平组、阿魏酸钠组给药第2周、第4周、第6周的肺组织丙二醛（Malondialdehyde,MDA）水平低于模型组（P<0.05）,超氧化物岐化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）活性高于模型组（P<0.05）,利福平组与阿魏酸钠组对比也有明显差异（P<0.05）。利福平组、阿魏酸钠组给药第2周、第4周、第6周的血液CD3⁺T淋巴细胞、CD4⁺T淋巴细胞比例明显高于模型组（P<0.05）,阿魏酸钠组也高于利福平组（P<0.05）。利福平组、阿魏酸钠组给药第2周、第4周、第6周的血清IL-6、IL-8含量明显低于模型组（P<0.05）,阿魏酸钠组也低于利福平组（P<0.05）。利福平组、阿魏酸钠组给药第2周、第4周、第6周的肺泡灌洗液（broncho alveolar lavage fluid,BALF）巨噬细胞凋亡率明显低于模型组（P<0.05）,阿魏酸钠组也明显低于利福平组（P<0.05）。结论：阿魏酸钠在肺结核模型小鼠的应用可抑制炎症因子的表达,并改善氧化状况,还能增强小鼠的免疫功能,降低肺泡灌洗液巨噬细胞凋亡率。     

选择性雌激素受体β激动剂对子宫腺肌病模型小鼠孕激素受体和胰岛素样生长因子-1的影响

摘要 目的：探讨选择性雌激素β受体（Estrogen Receptor beta,ERβ）激动剂对子宫腺肌病模型小鼠孕激素受体和胰岛素样生长因子-1的影响。方法：子宫腺肌病小鼠(n=30)随机平分为三组-模型组、孕三烯酮组与选择性ERβ激动剂组。模型组每日灌胃蒸馏水0.4 mL/20 g体重,孕三烯酮组每日灌胃孕三烯酮水溶液0.008 mg/20 g体重,选择性ERβ激动剂组每日灌胃WAY-32255水溶液0.008 mg/20 g体重,连续口服14 d。结果：孕三烯酮组与选择性ERβ激动剂组治疗第7 d与第14 d的小鼠体重高于模型组（P<0.05）,选择性ERβ激动剂组高于孕三烯酮组（P<0.05）。孕三烯酮组与选择性ERβ激动剂组治疗第7 d与第14 d的子宫病理评分低于模型组（P<0.05）,选择性ERβ激动剂组低于孕三烯酮组（P<0.05）。孕三烯酮组与选择性ERβ激动剂组治疗第7 d与第14 d的血清孕激素受体（Progesterone receptor,PR）和胰岛素样生长因子（insulin like growth factor,IGF-1）含量低于模型组（P<0.05）,选择性ERβ激动剂组低于孕三烯酮组（P<0.05）。孕三烯酮组与选择性ERβ激动剂组治疗第7 d与第14 d的子宫RhoA和ROCK蛋白相对表达水平低于模型组（P<0.05）,选择性ERβ激动剂组低于孕三烯酮组（P<0.05）。结论：选择性ERβ激动剂对子宫腺肌病模型小鼠的应用能抑制血清PR和IGF-1的释放,降低RhoA和ROCK蛋白的表达,从而能改善子宫病理状况,提高小鼠体重。     

七氟烷全身麻醉对失血性休克复苏小鼠血流动力学及记忆功能的影响机制

摘要 目的：探讨七氟烷全身麻醉对失血性休克复苏小鼠血流动力学及记忆功能的影响机制。方法：将建立成功的42只失血性休克复苏小鼠按照随机数字表法平分为3组-模型组、氧气组、七氟烷组，对照组吸入空气4 h，氧气组吸入100.0 %氧气4 h，七氟烷组吸入100.0 %氧气和2.5 %七氟烷4 h，监测与记录小鼠血流动力学及记忆功能变化情况。结果：氧气组、七氟烷组麻醉后第3 d与第7 d的Morris水迷宫逃避潜伏期少于模型组，穿越原平台次数多于模型组(P<0.05)，氧气组与七氟烷组对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。氧气组、七氟烷组麻醉后第3 d与第7 d的去甲肾上腺素(Norepinephrine，NE)pD₂与Emax值高于模型组(P<0.05)，七氟烷组高于氧气组(P<0.05)。氧气组、七氟烷组麻醉后第3 d与第7 d的脑组织凋亡指数低于模型组(P<0.05)，七氟烷组低于氧气组(P<0.05)。氧气组、七氟烷组麻醉后第3 d与第7 d的海马组织Akt、Caspase-3蛋白相对表达水平低于模型组(P<0.05)，七氟烷组低于氧气组(P<0.05)。结论：七氟烷全身麻醉在失血性休克复苏小鼠的应用能抑制Akt、Caspase-3蛋白的表达，可抑制脑组织神经细胞凋亡，可改善血流动力学状况，促进小鼠记忆能力的恢复。     

顺铂联合VEGF抗体对食管癌移植瘤小鼠免疫调节以及癌细胞增殖和肺转移的影响

摘要 目的：研究顺铂联合血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF）治疗对食管癌移植瘤小鼠免疫功能、癌细胞增殖以及肺转移的影响。方法：30只BALB/c小鼠通过皮下注射食管癌移植瘤模型。一周后,30只食管癌移植瘤模型小鼠被随机均分为3组,即模型组、顺铂组和联合组。模型组不进行治疗,顺铂组腹腔注顺铂治疗,联合组腹腔注射顺铂联合尾静脉注射VEGF抗体进行治疗,共治疗7周。比较各组小鼠体重,食管癌移植瘤体积和重量,卵巢癌细胞肺组织转移结节数、癌细胞转移面积和转移病灶总数,以及食管癌移植瘤外周血CD4⁺、CD8⁺以及CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T淋巴细胞比例。结果：（1）顺博组和联合组小鼠体重均显著高于对照组,而联合组小鼠体重显著高于顺铂组（P<0.05）;（2）顺铂组和联合组小鼠CD4+和CD8+细胞比例均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）,而CD4⁺/CD8⁺却显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;（3）联合组小鼠CD4⁺和CD8⁺细胞比例均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,而CD4⁺/CD8⁺却显著低于顺铂组（P<0.05）;（4）顺铂组和联合组小鼠食管癌肿瘤组织体积和重量,肺转移结节数、转移面积和转移病灶数均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）,而联合组小鼠显著低于顺铂组（P<0.05）。结论：VEGF抗体可以显著增强顺铂在体内对食管癌的抗癌特性,并有助于增强食管癌移植瘤小鼠免疫功能、抑制癌细胞体内增殖和肺部转移。     

芬太尼联合电针通过介导HDAC2途径调节糖尿病大鼠周围神经痛的作用机制研究

摘要 目的：探讨与研究芬太尼联合电针通过介导组蛋白去乙酰化酶2（histone deacetylase 2,HDAC2）途径调节糖尿病大鼠周围神经痛的作用机制。方法：将建模成功的糖尿病周围神经痛大鼠（n=36）随机平分为三组-模型组、芬太尼组与电针组,芬太尼组、模型组分别经尾静脉泵注1.0 μg/kg/min芬太尼与等剂量的磷酸盐缓冲液5 min,1次/d。电针组在芬太尼治疗的基础上给予电针治疗,1次/d,均共治疗2周。治疗第1周与第2周,对大鼠进行体重称重,采用双抗体酶联免疫夹心法测血清胰岛素浓度,动态足底触觉仪检测大鼠机械痛阈,免疫印迹检测HDAC2蛋白相对表达水平。结果：芬太尼组与电针组在治疗第1周、第2周的体重都明显高于模型组（P<0.05）,电针组也明显高于芬太尼组（P<0.05）。芬太尼组与电针组在治疗第1周、第2周的血清胰岛素浓度都明显低于模型组（P<0.05）,电针组也明显高于芬太尼组（P<0.05）。芬太尼组与电针组在治疗第1周、第2周的机械痛阈都明显高于模型组（P<0.05）,电针组明显高于芬太尼组（P<0.05）。芬太尼组与电针组在治疗第2周、第4周的 HDAC2蛋白表达水平明显高于模型组（P<0.05）,电针组也显著高于芬太尼组（P<0.05）。结论：芬太尼联合电针在糖尿病周围神经痛大鼠的应用能提高机械痛阈,能提高大鼠体重,也可降低胰岛素浓度,其作用机制可能与促进HDAC2表达有关。     

GnRH类似物对子宫肌瘤大鼠模型血液黏度、子宫系数和炎性细胞浸润的影响

摘要 目的：探讨促性腺激素释放激素（Gonadotropin releasing hormone,GnRH）类似物对子宫肌瘤大鼠模型血液黏度、子宫系数和炎性细胞浸润的影响。方法：子宫肌瘤大鼠模型（n=36）随机平分为三组-模型组、米非司酮组与GnRH类似物组,分别给予腹腔注射0.15 ml的生理盐水、2 mg/kg米非司酮与2 mg/kg GnRH类似物,每周1次,持续8周。结果：米非司酮组与GnRH类似物组治疗第4周与第8周的全血比黏度、卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黄体生成素（LH）值都低于模型组（P<0.05）,GnRH类似物组低于米非司酮组（P<0.05）。米非司酮组与GnRH类似物组治疗第8周的子宫系数、子宫白介素（IL）-10与肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α表达水平都低于模型组（P<0.05）,GnRH类似物组低于米非司酮组（P<0.05）。米非司酮组与GnRH类似物组治疗第8周的子宫内膜厚度、腺间质面积比、腺体面积与腺腔面积都高于模型组（P<0.05）,GnRH类似物组高于米非司酮组（P<0.05）。米非司酮组与GnRH类似物组治疗第8周的子宫组织Wnt5b与β-catenin蛋白相对表达水平低于模型组（P<0.05）,GnRH类似物组低于米非司酮组（P<0.05）。结论：GnRH类似物在子宫肌瘤大鼠模型的应用能降低子血液黏度,还可抑制血清性激素的分泌,增加子宫系数,抑制Wnt5b与β-catenin蛋白的表达,从而可改善子宫肌瘤大鼠的炎性细胞浸润状态与子宫内膜形态。     

鱼肝油酸钠联合普萘洛尔对肝硬化消化道出血的疗效及对应激反应的影响

摘要 目的：研究鱼肝油酸钠联合普萘洛尔对肝硬化消化道出血的疗效及对应激反应的影响。方法：选取2016年9月至2017年8月我院收治的83例肝硬化消化道出血患者,根据患者入院顺序先后分为观察组（n=43例）和对照组（n=40例）。对照组使用鱼肝油酸钠注射液,观察组联合普萘洛尔片。比较两组患者临床疗效,丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、血清胆碱酯酶水平,临床症状改善情况,止血和半年内再出血情况,不良反应。结果：治疗后,观察组临床有效率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗前,两组患者MDA、SOD、胆碱酯酶水平比较著差异（P>0.05）,治疗后,观察组的MDA水平低于对照组（P<0.05）,SOD、胆碱酯酶水平高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗前,两组患者心率、静脉压比较无差异（P>0.05）,治疗后,观察组的心率低于对照组（P<0.05）,静脉压高于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组的止血时间和再出血率少于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组的不良反应率低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：鱼肝油酸钠联合普萘洛尔能有效改善肝硬化消化道出血患者的应激反应和临床症状,临床疗效良好,安全性高。     

西咪替丁对坏死性小肠结肠炎小鼠炎症免疫反应、肠道微生物的影响

摘要 目的：探讨与分析西咪替丁对坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）小鼠炎症免疫反应、肠道微生物的影响。方法：将建模成功的坏死性小肠结肠炎小鼠36只随机平分为三组-模型组、西咪替丁1组、西咪替丁2组,每组12只,每组每日分别灌胃生理盐水0.1mL、胃西咪替丁0.1 mL、胃西咪替丁0.2 mL,持续应用14 d,观察小鼠炎症免疫反应、肠道微生物变化情况。结果：西咪替丁1组、西咪替丁2组治疗第7 d、第14 d的体重都显著高于模型组（P<0.05）,西咪替丁2组与西咪替丁1组对比有显著提高（P<0.05）。西咪替丁1组、西咪替丁2组治疗第14 d的肠组织白介素-2含量低于模型组（P<0.05）,白介素-10含量高于模型组（P<0.05）,西咪替丁2组与西咪替丁1组对比有显著差异（P<0.05）。西咪替丁1组、西咪替丁2组治疗第14 d的粪便双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌相对表达水平显著高于模型组（P<0.05）,大肠埃希菌相对表达水平显著低于模型组（P<0.05）,西咪替丁2组与西咪替丁1组对比有显著差异（P<0.05）。西咪替丁1组、西咪替丁2组治疗第14 d的肠组织CaMKIV、CREM蛋白相对表达水平都显著低于模型组（P<0.05）,西咪替丁2组与西咪替丁1组对比也显著降低（P<0.05）。结论：西咪替丁在坏死性小肠结肠炎小鼠的应用能调节炎症免疫反应平衡,促进小鼠体重恢复正常,还可降低肠组织CaMKIV、CREM蛋白相对表达水平,从而改善小鼠肠道微生物状况,且具有剂量依赖性。     

Binding of divalent and trivalent cations with crotoxin and with its phospholipase and its non-catalytic subunits: effects on enzymatic activity and on the interaction of phospholipase component with phospholipids

We have studied the interaction of divalent and trivalent with a potent phospholipase A(2) neurotoxin, crotoxin, from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom. The pharmacological action of crotoxin requires dissociation of its catalytic subunit (component B) and of its non-enzymatic chaperone subunit (component A), then the binding of the phospholipase subunit to target sites on cellular membranes and finally phospholipid hydrolysis. In this report, we show that the phospholipase A(2) activity of crotoxin and of component B required Ca2+ and that other divalent cations (Sr2+, Cd2+ and Ba2+) and trivalent lanthanide ions are inhibitors. The lowest phospholipase A(2) activity was observed in the presence of Ba2+, which proved to be a competitive inhibitor of Ca2+. The binding of divalent cations and trivalent lanthanide ions to crotoxin and to its subunits has been examined by equilibrium dialysis and by spectrofluorimetric methods. We found that crotoxin binds two divalent cations per mole with different affinities; the site presenting the highest affinity (K(d) in the mM range) in involved in the activation (or inhibition) of the phospholipase A(2) activity and must therefore be located on component B, the other site (K(d) higher than 10 mM) is probably localized on component A and does not play any role in the catalytic activity of crotoxin. We also observed that crotoxin component B binds to vesicular and micellar phospholipids, even in the absence of divalent cations. The affinity of this interaction either does not change or else increases by an order of magnitude in the presence of divalent cations.     

Effect of Placement and Sequence of Inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum on its Interaction with Meloidogyne arenaria on Subterranean Clover

The effect of the placement of inoculum of Fusarium oxysporum at two soil depths, and the sequences of inoculations with Meloidogyne arenaria and Fusarium oxysporum on root growth and development of root disease in Trifolium subterraneum L. (subterranean clover) were investigated. The timing of infection and the proximity of root tips of the host root system to infection by M. arenaria and F. oxysporum appeared to be the major determining factors of root growth and of disease development in plants exposed to the pathogens. Immediate contact of roots with F. oxysporum (where the fungus was placed at seed level of 10 mm depth) appeared to result in more severe effects on roots in the presence of the nematode than later infection by the fungus placed at 30 mm depth. The production of galls by the nematode and early infection by F. oxysporum at 10 mm depth resulted in a severe inhibition of root growth, particularly of the lateral roots. But no such growth inhibition was evident when F. oxysporum and M. arenaria were introduced together at the lower depth of 30 mm. The lowest density of M. arenaria inoculum was sufficient to cause severe root rot if F. oxysporum was present at the host seed level. With the fungus at 30 mm depth, however, the expression of root rot appeared to be influenced by the inoculum level of the nematode. In sequential inoculation with F. oxysporum or M. arenaria, the organism added 2 weeks later had little or no effect on root development. The first organism (M. arenaria or F. oxysporum) to infect the germinated seedlings was the main cause of root growth inhibition. The organism that came into contact with the roots 2 weeks later had little or no effect on the roots. Concurrent infection by F. oxysporum and M. arenaria resulted in less M. arenaria gall production on the tap root system than those added with the nematode alone or in advance of the fungus.     

Studies on the interaction of homologues of spermine with deoxyribonucleic acid and with bacterial protoplasts

Four homologues of the naturally occurring polyamine spermine, of the type H(2)N.[CH(2)](3).NH.[CH(2)] (n).NH.[CH(2)](3).NH(2) where n=2, 3, 5 and 6, have been synthesized. Their ability to stabilize Escherichia coli protoplasts against osmotic lysis was compared with that of spermine. All homologues were approximately as effective as spermine. The effect of low concentrations of the homologues on the T(m) of calf thymus DNA and of Aerobacter aerogenes DNA in 0.03m-sodium chloride-1mm-potassium dimethylglutarate buffer, pH6.2, was tested. The increase in T(m) for a given concentration of amine was found to be n=5>n=4 and n=6> n=3>n=2. When calf thymus DNA in 0.15m-sodium chloride-15mm-sodium citrate was used spermine gave the highest increase in T(m). It is concluded that the stabilization of E. coli protoplasts by tetra-amines is a non-specific effect independent of chain length, whereas the elevation of T(m) of DNA is a more specific effect which depends on chain length.     

Impact of Piriformospora indica on tomato growth and on interaction with fungal and viral pathogens

Piriformospora indica is a root endophytic fungus with plant-promoting properties in numerous plant species and induces resistance against root and shoot pathogens in barley, wheat, and Arabidopsis. A study over several years showed that the endophyte P. indica colonised the roots of the most consumed vegetable crop tomato. P. indica improved the growth of tomato resulting in increased biomass of leaves by up to 20%. Limitation of disease severity caused by Verticillium dahliae by more than 30% was observed on tomato plants colonised by the endophyte. Further experiments were carried out in hydroponic cultures which are commonly used for the indoor production of tomatoes in central Europe. After adaptation of inoculation techniques (inoculum density, plant stage), it was shown that P. indica influences the concentration of Pepino mosaic virus in tomato shoots. The outcome of the interaction seems to be affected by light intensity. Most importantly, the endophyte increases tomato fruit biomass in hydroponic culture concerning fresh weight (up to 100%) and dry matter content (up to 20%). Hence, P. indica represents a suitable growth promoting endophyte for tomato which can be applied in production systems of this important vegetable plant not only in soil, but also in hydroponic cultures.     

HbA1c和FPG水平与2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变的相关性分析

目的：探讨糖化血红蛋（HbA1c）、空腹血糖（FPG）与2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变（DR）的相关性。方法：对我院2010年1月-2012年12月住院或门诊的336例2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者进行眼底检查或眼底血管荧光素造影检测,按有无视网膜病变分为视网膜病变（DR）组和无视网膜病变（NDR）组,并对HbA1c、FBG水平进行检测。结果：DR组较NDR组HbA1c水平高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,HbA1c水平和DR分期呈正相关（I=0．526,P〈0．001）,而DR组和NDR组FPG水平差异无无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：可将HbA1c作为2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变发生和发展的监测指标之一。