蜂胶黄酮Pinobanksin-3-acetate对人肝癌HepG-2和肝正常L02细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

为探讨蜂胶黄酮Pinobanksin-3-acetate(PB3A)对人肝癌Hep G-2和肝正常细胞L02增殖、形态学变化和细胞凋亡的影响,采用MTT显色法检测不同浓度PB3A作用不同时间对SGC-7901细胞生长所产生的影响,计算生长抑制率和IC50值;倒置显微镜观察PB3A干预后细胞的形态学变化;Annexin V-FITC/PI双染色、流式细胞仪检测细胞的凋亡率;结果显示,PB3A可显著抑制Hep G-2和L02细胞的增殖,并呈浓度和时间依赖性,各时间段Hep G-2细胞IC50值明显低于L02细胞。流式细胞检测结果显示,PB3A能促进Hep G-2和L02细胞凋亡,并呈剂量依赖性,同浓度PB3A诱导Hep G-2细胞的早期凋亡率明显高于L02细胞。上述结果表明,PB3A对人正常肝L02细胞和肝癌Hep G-2具有明显的区别增殖抑制和诱导凋亡作用,区别抑制作用的本质是PB3A诱导两种细胞凋亡的程度不同。     

丹参酮通过VEGF/VEGFR信号通路抑制肝癌细胞迁移和侵袭能力的实验研究

目的:探究丹参酮通过VEGF/VEGFR信号通路抑制肝癌细胞迁移和侵袭能力的机制。方法:体外培养人肝癌细胞Hep3B、HepG2,并分为:实验组、阳性对照组和空白对照组,实验组使用丹参酮处理,阳性对照组使用阿霉素处理,空白对照为加入10μL DMSO或生理盐水,使用CCK8检测肝癌细胞的增殖情况;分别加入浓度为31μmol/L和2.5μmol/L的丹参酮及阿霉素显微镜下观察细胞形态变化;使用流式细胞术检测肝癌细胞的凋亡情况和细胞周期情况;使用Western blot检测肝癌细胞VEGF及VEGFR蛋白表达情况。结果:MTT实验结果显示,随着丹参酮和阿霉素使用浓度的升高人肝癌细胞Hep3B、HepG2生长受到显著的抑制(P0.05);显微镜下观察发现丹参酮可以抑制肝癌肿瘤细胞增殖;流式细胞检测发现相比空白对照组,阳性对照组和实验组(人肝癌细胞Hep3B、HepG2)细胞凋亡率显著增加(P0.05);相比空白对照组,实验组和阳性对照组G0/G1期细胞百分比显著增加(P0.05),S期和G2/M期细胞百分比显著降低(P0.05);蛋白质印记实验结果显示,相比空白对照组,实验组和阳性对照组VEGF及VEGFR蛋白表达显著降低(P0.05),且实验组表达显著低于阳性对照组(P0.05)。结论:参酮通可以通过抑制VEGF/VEGFR信号通路,将肝癌细胞分裂阻滞在G0/G1,达到抑制肝癌细胞的增殖及迁移和侵袭能力的效果。     

吉非替尼对敲低ANXA7的HepG2细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

该文目的为研究吉非替尼对敲低膜联蛋白A7(annexin A7,ANXA7)的人肝癌Hep G2细胞增殖及凋亡的影响,为肝癌的治疗提供参考依据。应用MTT法检测0.1、0.5、1.0、5.0、10.0、50.0μmol/L等浓度的吉非替尼作用72 h后Hep G2细胞的增殖情况,计算IC50为5μmol/L;将Hep G2细胞分为敲低加药组、单加药组、敲低组、阴性对照组和空白对照组,采用RNA干扰技术将靶向ANXA7的si RNA和阴性对照si RNA通过脂质体转染法分别转染入Hep G2细胞。转染72 h后采用Western blot法对ANXA7的抑制效果进行鉴定;用MTT法和流式细胞术检测Hep G2细胞增殖和凋亡情况。结果显示,吉非替尼浓度越大,对Hep G2细胞增殖的抑制作用越明显;靶向ANXA7的si RNA能显著抑制ANXA7的表达;敲低加药组、单加药组、敲低组、阴性对照组和空白对照组的生长抑制率分别为73.88%、48.67%、54.33%、1.02%和0.02%,早期凋亡率分别为8.48%、3.06%、2.93%、1.72%和1.64%。与阴性对照组和空白对照组相比,敲低加药组、单加药组和敲低组细胞的增殖抑制率和凋亡率均明显增加(P0.05),且敲低加药组较敲低组对抑制细胞增殖、促进细胞凋亡的效果更为显著。由此说明,敲低ANXA7后联合药物吉非替尼能抑制Hep G2细胞的增殖,促进其凋亡,可能是一种临床治疗的方法。     

油茶籽壳乙酸乙酯提取物对HepG2抗增殖作用及机制研究

本研究探讨不同浓度的油茶籽壳乙酸乙酯提取物对Hep G2细胞的增殖抑制作用,及其诱导细胞凋亡的机制。以油茶籽壳乙酸乙酯提取物为原材料,以Hep G2细胞为研究对象,采用CCK-8法测定油茶籽壳乙酸乙酯提取物对Hep G2细胞的抗增殖作用;采用流式细胞术和荧光定量PCR分别检测油茶籽壳乙酸乙酯提取物对Hep G2细胞的周期阻滞情况及相关凋亡基因(Survivn,Bcl-2,Bax和caspase-3)的表达水平。结果表明:油茶籽壳乙酸乙酯提取物对Hep G2细胞具有显著的增殖抑制作用,且在一定浓度范围内62.5~250μg/m L具有剂量依耐性;Hep G2细胞经一定浓度提取物50μg/m L、100μg/m L、200μg/m L诱导处理24 h后,发生G_0/G_1期阻滞,且使Survivin及Bcl-2的表达降低,Caspase-3及Bax的表达上升,导致细胞发生凋亡。     

单宁酸协同顺铂增强肝癌HepG2细胞内质网应激PERK-ATF4通路的激活水平

本文主要研究单宁酸(TA)联合顺铂(CDDP)对肝癌Hep G2细胞内质网应激PERK-ATF4通路的影响,以探究TA协同CDDP抗肝癌的分子机制。用180μM TA、0.9μg/m L CDDP单独用药或者联合用药处理肝癌Hep G2细胞24 h和48 h后,利用实时荧光定量PCR技术(q-RT-PCR)、蛋白免疫印迹(Western Blot)技术检测细胞PERK、p-PERK、ATF4、CHOP、Procaspase3与Cleaved caspase3分子的表达水平。q-RT-PCR及Western Blot结果显示,TA与CDDP联合用药能显著上调细胞PERK、ATF4、CHOP的表达水平和Caspase3的剪切活化水平,下调PERK的磷酸化水平(P0.01或P0.05)。TA协同CDDP增强了肝癌Hep G2细胞内质网应激PERK-ATF4通路的激活水平,其可能是通过激活细胞ERS,促进PERK-ATF4通路相关分子和ERS标志性分子CHOP的表达,抑制PERK的磷酸化,从而促进Caspase3的剪切活化来诱导细胞凋亡的发生。     

余甘粗多糖对HepG-2细胞氧化应激反应的影响

为了研究余甘粗多糖对人肝癌细胞Hep G-2增殖能力及氧化应激反应的影响,将不同浓度余甘粗多糖(CEPS)作用于Hep G-2肝癌细胞,分别培养24、48、72 h后,利用倒置生物显微镜观察其细胞形态,采用MTT法检测细胞增殖抑制率并通过测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力以及丙二醛(MDA)含量来探讨余甘粗多糖对Hep G-2细胞氧化应激反应的影响。研究表明随着余甘粗多糖浓度的增加,细胞存活率降低,贴壁生长异常,悬浮死亡细胞数量增加,且MDA含量增加,SOD、LDH、GSH-Px活力均呈现出增强趋势,初步判断余甘粗多糖引起Hep G-2肝癌细胞受损,导致过氧化物MDA含量增加,相应的抗氧化物酶为了自我保护而增强活力,说明余甘粗多糖对Hep G-2肝癌细胞氧化应激反应产生影响,从而诱导Hep G-2细胞损伤,增殖活力下降。     

TFPI-2对人肝癌细胞生长增殖、凋亡及AFP合成的影响

目的: 探讨TFPI-2基因对人肝癌细胞Hep3B生长增殖、凋亡及甲胎蛋白AFP表达的影响。 方法: 将重组质粒PCDNA3.1-TFPI-2转染Hep3B细胞并经G418稳定筛选后,RT-PCR和Western blot检测转染前后TFPI-2 mRNA和蛋白表达水平,采用CCK-8法、生长曲线观察TFPI-2对人肝癌细胞Hep3B生长增殖的影响,通过平板克隆形成实验观察单个细胞的增殖能力,RT-PCR检测AFP mRNA的表达,并用电化学发光法测定培养上清液中甲胎蛋白AFP含量,流式细胞仪检测细胞早晚期凋亡情况。 结果: 转染成功的Hep3B细胞检测到TFPI-2 mRNA和蛋白的表达;与转染空载体及未转染的细胞相比,转染TFPI-2的细胞生长增殖能力明显减弱;AFP mRNA表达抑制率为16.51%,AFP蛋白分泌明显低于对照组(P<0.01);流式细胞术检测转染TFPI-2的Hep3B细胞早期凋亡率明显增加(24.03%±7.28% vs 8.77%±3.66%)。 结论: TFPI-2表达可显著抑制肝癌细胞生长和AFP的表达,同时还能诱导细胞早期凋亡。为进一步探讨靶向TFPI-2的肝癌基因治疗提供了实验依据。     

内质网应激调控重楼皂苷Ⅰ诱导肝癌HepG2细胞凋亡的研究

该文探讨了内质网应激在重楼皂苷Ⅰ(polyphyllin I,PPI)诱导人肝癌Hep G2细胞凋亡中的作用。采用CCK-8法检测不同浓度的重楼皂苷I处理Hep G2细胞6、12、24 h后细胞的增殖情况;采用Hoechst 33258染色检测细胞凋亡情况;应用q RT-PCR(Real-time quantitative PCR)检测内质网应激相关基因GRP78、ATF-6、PERK、IRE-1的m RNA水平;采用Western blot方法分析重楼皂苷I对Cleaved-caspase12、Caspase-12、Cleaved-caspase3、Bax、Bcl-2、IRE-1、XBP1、CHOP和P-JNK1蛋白质水平的影响;并用流式细胞术检测20 mmol/L内质网抑制剂4-苯基丁酸(4-phenyl butyric acid,4-PBA)对细胞凋亡率的影响。结果发现,重楼皂苷I以时间–浓度依赖的方式抑制Hep G2细胞的增殖;细胞出现典型的凋亡形态;ATF-6和PERK m RNA水平无明显变化,GRP78和IRE-1 mRNA水平较阴性对照组(0 h)均显著增加(P0.05);重楼皂苷I通过增加Bax、减少Bcl-2蛋白质水平进而活化Caspase-3来诱导细胞凋亡。进一步研究发现,重楼皂苷I可上调内质网应激通路的IRE-1,下调P-JNK1和XBP1蛋白质水平及活化内质网应激的标志蛋白质Caspase-12,但CHOP蛋白质水平无明显变化。流式细胞术结果显示,4-PBA与2.5μmol/L重楼皂苷I联合作用组的细胞凋亡率显著增加(P0.05)。因此,内质网应激参与了重楼皂苷I诱导人肝癌Hep G2细胞的凋亡,且在该过程中对细胞起到保护作用。     

无患子皂苷对人肝癌细胞HepG2增殖与凋亡的影响

为了探究无患子皂苷对人肝癌细胞Hep G2增殖和凋亡的影响。本研究采用不同浓度的无患子皂苷对Hep G2细胞进行处理,分别利用MTT法、流式细胞术、qPCR的方法检测细胞增殖、周期和凋亡情况以及NF-κB和Caspase3的表达情况。结果发现25μg/m L~100μg/m L的无患子皂苷分别作用12、24和36 h后,显微镜下发现细胞形态发生明显变化,MTT法检测发现细胞的增殖受到明显的抑制。无患子皂苷作用24 h后流式细胞术检测出现明显的凋亡峰,细胞周期阻滞在G0/G1期。qPCR检测发现随着皂苷浓度的提高,Caspase3的表达上调,而NF-κB的表达下调。以上结果说明无患子皂苷能够抑制人肝癌细胞HepG2的增殖并诱导其凋亡。     

黄芩苷对人肝癌细胞增殖抑制及放疗增敏作用

目的:探讨黄芩苷对人肝癌细胞Hep G2增殖抑制及放疗增敏作用。方法:以人肝癌细胞株Hep G2为研究对象,用CCK-8法和流式细胞仪检测黄芩苷对肝癌细胞增殖的影响和肝癌细胞放射敏感性的改变。结果:CCK-8法检测黄芩苷对Hep G2的生长有显著抑制作用且具有剂量依赖性,与阴性对照组对比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。黄芩苷能使处于G0/G1、G2/M期的细胞减少,S期细胞增加。同时,黄芩苷对Hep G2放疗具有增敏作用。结论:黄芩苷可抑制人肝癌细胞增殖,可能与影响细胞周期有关;黄芩苷能增强肝癌细胞放射敏感性。     

Arsenic trioxide inhibits the growth of A498 renal cell carcinoma cells via cell cycle arrest or apoptosis

Previously, we showed that arsenic trioxide potently inhibited the growth of myeloma cells and head and neck cancer cells. Here, we demonstrate that arsenic trioxide inhibited the proliferation of all the renal cell carcinoma cell lines (ACHN, A498, Caki-2, Cos-7, and Renca) except only one cell line (Caki-1) with IC(50) of about 2.5-10 microM. Arsenic trioxide induced a G(1) or a G(2)-M phase arrest in these cells. When we examined the effects of this drug on A498 cells, arsenic trioxide (2.5 microM) decreased the levels of CDK2, CDK6, cyclin D1, cyclin E, and cyclin A proteins. Although p21 protein was not increased by arsenic trioxide, this drug markedly enhanced the binding of p21 with CDK2. In addition, the activities of CDK2- and CDK6-associated kinase were reduced in association with hypophosphorylation of Rb protein. Arsenic trioxide (10 microM) also induced apoptosis in A498 cells. Apoptotic process of A498 cells was associated with the changes of Bcl-(XL), caspase-9, caspase-3, and caspase-7 proteins as well as mitochondria transmembrane potential (Deltapsi(m)) loss. Taken together, these results demonstrate that arsenic trioxide inhibits the growth of renal cell carcinoma cells via cell cycle arrest or apoptosis.     

三氧化二砷诱导CNE1凋亡及其对细胞周期的影响

目的 研究三氧化二砷对人鼻咽癌CNE1细胞凋亡及其细胞周期的影响。方法 应用形态学观察、原位末端标记法(TUNEL)、流式细胞术等方法对三氧化二砷诱导的鼻咽癌细胞CNE1进行检测和观察。结果 一定浓度三氧化二砷能诱导CNE1细胞凋亡,凋亡细胞具有典型的凋亡形态特征,TUNEL原位检测有典型凋亡细胞,流式细胞仪检测有凋亡峰,G2／M期比例升高,呈一定的剂量效应关系。结论 三氧化二砷能诱导人鼻咽癌CNE1细胞株凋亡及阻止细胞周期进展的作用。     

三氧化二砷对K562/A02 细胞的凋亡及细胞周期的影响

目的:研究三氧化二砷对多药耐药急性白血病细胞株K562/A02凋亡与细胞周期的影响及可能机制。方法:取阿霉素(Adr)的耐药白血病细胞株分为未加药的对照组及加入不同浓度的三氧化二砷(其终浓度为4.0μmol/L、5.0μmol/L)组,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡及细胞周期分布,Western blot方法检测不同浓度三氧化二砷对K562/A02细胞核NF-κBp65蛋白水平。结果:与对照组比较,三氧化二砷可显著增加Adr对K562/A02细胞凋亡率,阻滞细胞于G0/G1期,降低K562/A02细胞胞核中NF-kB p65的表达(P均<0.05)。结论:三氧化二砷可能是通过抑制NF-kB的胞内活化转位,从而促进K562/A02细胞凋亡及抑制细胞增殖。     

索拉菲尼联合阿霉素对人肝癌细胞株HepG2的抑制作用

目的：探讨索拉非尼（Sorafenib）和阿霉素（adriamycin）联合用药对肝癌细胞株nepG2的作用及可能的机制。方法：以不同浓度索拉非尼和不同浓度阿霉素分别组成单药组和索拉非尼＋阿霉素联合用药组作用于HepG2细胞,MTT法检测增殖抑制率、流式细胞仪分析细胞周期和凋亡率。结果：索拉非尼、阿霉素单药与联用均能抑制HepG2细胞增殖,呈剂量依赖效应,两药联用有协同效应（P〈0.01）。索拉非尼、阿霉素单药与联用均能诱导HepG2细胞凋亡,并以联合组更为明显,与对照组比较有显著的统计学意义（P〈0.01）。索拉非尼及阿霉素单药作用均可使细胞周期阻滞于G0-G1期,联合用药组G0/Gl期细胞比率低于索拉非尼及阿霉素单药组,S期细胞比率高于单药组;阿霉素能抑制HepG2细胞Survivin mRNA表达诱导细胞的凋亡。结论：索拉非尼与阿霉素联合作用于人肝癌HepG2细胞具有协同作用,其机制可能是通过多途径共同抑制HepG2细胞增殖及诱导细胞凋亡。     

Intracellular GSH level is a factor in As4.1 juxtaglomerular cell death by arsenic trioxide

Arsenic trioxide has been known to regulate many biological functions such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and angiogenesis in various cell lines. We investigated the involvement of GSH and ROS such as H(2)O(2) and O(2)(*-) in the death of As4.1 cells by arsenic trioxide. The intracellular ROS levels were changed depending on the concentration and length of incubation with arsenic trioxide. The intracellular O(2)(*-) level was significantly increased at all the concentrations tested. Arsenic trioxide reduced the intracellular GSH content. Treatment of Tiron, ROS scavenger decreased the levels of ROS in 10 microM arsenic trioxide-treated cells. Another ROS scavenger, Tempol did not decrease ROS levels in arsenic trioxide-treated cells, but slightly recovered the depleted GSH content and reduced the level of apoptosis in these cells. Exogenous SOD and catalase did not reduce the level of ROS, but did decrease the level of O(2)(*-). Both of them inhibited GSH depletion and apoptosis in arsenic trioxide-treated cells. In addition, ROS scavengers, SOD and catalase did not alter the accumulation of cells in the S phase induced by arsenic trioxide. Furthermore, JNK inhibitor rescued some cells from arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis, and this inhibitor decreased the levels of O(2)(*-) and reduced the GSH depletion in these cells. In summary, we have demonstrated that arsenic trioxide potently generates ROS, especially O(2)(*-), in As4.1 juxtaglomerular cells, and Tempol, SOD, catalase, and JNK inhibitor partially rescued cells from arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis through the up-regulation of intracellular GSH levels.     

Endoplasmic reticulum stress mediates the arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Arsenic trioxide has been proven to trigger apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Endoplasmic reticulum stress has been known to be involved in apoptosis through the induction of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein. However, it is unknown whether endoplasmic reticulum stress mediates arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Our data showed that arsenic trioxide significantly induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Furthermore, arsenic trioxide triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress, as indicated by endoplasmic reticulum dilation, upregulation of glucose-regulated protein 78 and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein. We further found that 4-phenylbutyric acid, an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum stress, alleviated arsenic trioxide-induced expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein. More important, knockdown of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein by siRNA or inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress by 4-phenylbutyric acid alleviated apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide. Consequently, our results suggested that arsenic trioxide could induce endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and that CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein might play an important role in this process.     

Activation of Rac1 and the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in response to arsenic trioxide

Arsenic trioxide induces differentiation and apoptosis of malignant cells in vitro and in vivo, but the mechanisms by which such effects occur have not been elucidated. In the present study we provide evidence that arsenic trioxide induces activation of the small G-protein Rac1 and the alpha and beta isoforms of the p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in several leukemia cell lines. Such activation of Rac1 and p38-isoforms results in downstream engagement of the MAP kinase-activated protein kinase-2 and is enhanced by pre-treatment of cells with ascorbic acid. Interestingly, pharmacological inhibition of p38 potentiates arsenic-dependent apoptosis and suppression of growth of leukemia cell lines, suggesting that this signaling cascade negatively regulates induction of antileukemic responses by arsenic trioxide. Consistent with this, overexpression of a dominant-negative p38 mutant (p38betaAGF) enhances the antiproliferative effects of arsenic trioxide on target cells. To further define the relevance of activation of the Rac1/p38 MAP kinase pathway in the induction of arsenic-dependent antileukemic effects, studies were performed using bone marrows from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Arsenic trioxide suppressed the growth of leukemic myeloid (CFU-GM) progenitors from such patients, whereas concomitant pharmacological inhibition of the p38 pathway enhanced its growth-suppressive effects. Altogether, these data provide evidence for a novel function of the p38 MAP kinase pathway, acting as a negative regulator of arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis and inhibition of malignant cell growth.     

Arsenic trioxide induces the apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells via increasing intracellular calcium and ROS formation

The present study was designed to investigate whether arsenic trioxide induced the apoptosis in rat mesenteric arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs), which provides new insights into mechanisms of arsenic-related vascular diseases. Here, we found that arsenic trioxide significantly decreased the viability of SMCs in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, higher level of arsenic trioxide directly caused cellular necrosis. The Hoechst and AO/EB staining demonstrated that apoptotic morphological change was presented in SMCs exposed to arsenic trioxide. The TUNEL assay displayed that more positive apoptotic signal appeared in SMCs treated with arsenic trioxide. The following result showed that ROS formation was markedly increased in arsenic trioxide-treated SMCs. Pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine, an anti-oxidant reagent, obviously attenuated the enhancement of ROS production and the reduction of cell viability induced by arsenic trioxide in SMCs. Arsenic trioxide also enhanced free intracellular Ca²⁺ level in SMCs. BAPTA also significantly prevented the increased intracellular Ca²⁺ and decreased cell viability induced by arsenic trioxide in SMCs. These results suggested that arsenic trioxide obviously induced apoptosis in SMCs, and its mechanism was partially associated with intracellular ROS formation and free Ca²⁺ increasing.     

Effect of arsenic trioxide on human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells: inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis

Arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)), a major ingredient of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), is found to be an effective anticancer drug in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The present study explored the use of As(2)O(3) on human hepatocellular carcinoma by in vitro study. The study showed that the clinically achievable concentration of As(2)O(3), i.e. 2 microM, inhibited the cell proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HepG2, in a time-dependent manner. The mechanistic study showed that 2 microM of As(2)O(3) acted through induction of apoptosis in which caspase-3 was activated. The results also suggested that mitochondria did not take part in As(2)O(3)-induced apoptosis.