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云南省双团棘胸蛙的地理分布 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对云南省84个县(市)双团棘胸蛙(Paa yunnanensis)地理分布进行了全面调查。基于历史记录与本次调查结果,采用地理信息系统,制作了云南双团棘胸蛙地理分布图。结果表明,双团棘胸蛙在云南广泛分布于迪庆州以外的15个州(市)71个县(市),分布海拔为1 400~2 600 m,年平均气温为11.54~18.50℃。根据双团棘胸蛙分布受海拔和年平均气温限制的特点,采用DIVA-GIS 5.2软件,得到云南省双团棘胸蛙可能分布区图。该图可以预测双团棘胸蛙在云南的潜在地理分布,为在云南对该物种的深入研究和有效保护提供了基础数据。 相似文献
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多疣棘蛙(Paa verrucospinosa(Bourret),1939)是Bourret于1937年根据越南沙巴采集到的标本订为棘胸蛙一新亚种,1939年他改订为新种。寇治通等人1983年10月在云南省勐腊县景飘采到一只雌性成体蛙的标本,作为我国多疣棘蛙的新纪录发表。但一直未得到承认。 相似文献
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多疣棘蛙(Paa verrucospinosa(Bourret),1939)是Bourret于1937年根据越南沙巴采集到的标本订为棘胸蛙一新亚种[1],1939年他改订为新种[2]。寇治通等人1983年10月在云南省勐腊县景飘采到一只雌性成体蛙的标本,作为我国多疣棘蛙的新纪录发表[5]。但一直未得到承认[3,4,6~9]。笔者于2003年7月在云南省景洪市勐龙乡勐宋村、2004年8月在云南省勐腊县勐远镇艺班东村进行两栖动物调查时,采集到8号蛙类标本,经鉴定为蛙科棘蛙属多疣棘蛙(Paa verrucospinosa),这是中国两栖动物新记录,标本现保存于云南大学生命科学学院脊椎动物标本室,现报道如下。… 相似文献
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对产于西藏东南部察隅和墨脱的察隅棘蛙通过形态特征和数值分类作了进一步比较研究,结果认为:产于察隅的察隅棘蛙是一个有效种,而产于墨脱的标本应为一个新种,即墨脱棘蛙Paa medogensis sp.nov.。 相似文献
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有关西藏聂拉木的亚东蛙Rana yadongensisWu的分类问题,曾在《西藏两栖爬行动物》(胡淑琴,1987)已有讨论,文中指出聂拉木的标本与亚东者有“变异”,并言:“Dubois(1979)根据地理分布将分布于亚东的亚东蛙作为布兰福棘蛙Rana(Paa) blanfordii Boulenger之异名;分布于聂拉木的标本可能属于波留宁棘蛙Rana(Paa)polunini Smith.”当时由于缺乏尼泊尔的标本对证,该书暂未采用Dubois上述意见.费梁等(1990)将亚东蛙改隶为亚东棘蛙Paa yadongensis.1994年11月和1996年4月我们与法国学者Dubois教授在互访成都和巴黎期间,先后两次共同核查了亚东、聂拉木和尼泊尔3地的标本. 相似文献
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云南三种同域分布的棘蛙(蛙科Ranidae:无尾目Anura)的核型和银带研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文比较分析了云南景东地区三种同域分布棘蛙的核型和Ag-NORs。花棘蛙2n=26(16M+ 10SM),NF=52,次缢痕和Ag-NORs位于1pinter,Nos.2-4,8,9等为SM。棘肛蛙2n=40(16M+ 20SM+2ST+2T),NF=78,Nos.5-9,11-13,15,17等10对为SM,No.3为ST,No.18为T,其余 均为M,Ag-NORs位于11P。二种的Ag-NORs都有异形现象。双团棘胸蛙2n=64T,次缢痕和Ag- NORS在4qper。都未发现异形性染色体。最后,对棘蛙属的核型演化机制和物种形成方式作了讨论。 相似文献
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从线粒体基因探讨中国大头蛙群的分类及其属内地位 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Partial sequences of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA gene were determined for 8 populations of three species of Chinese Limnonectes, and aligned with the published sequences of Limnonectes from other parts of the world. When Nanorana parker, Paa boulengeri, Fejervarya limnocharis and Hoplobatrachus rugulosus was used as outgroup taxa (Accession Nos. AY158705, AY313685, AF206111, AF206491, AY322311). The sequences of the 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes totaled 950 nueleotide positions with gaps including 510 variable sites. We reconstructed phylogenetie trees using Clustal X 1.8, Mega 2.1 and PHYLIP 3.5e software, and using the maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood methods, respectively. Our analyses suggest that these fanged frogs from China are another monophyletie group in addition to the four monophyletie groups identified by previous studies. The Chinese Limnonectes were grouped into three elades (BCL 55% ). The first elade contains one species (BCL 100% ), from a population of Limnoneetes fragilis from Hainan Province. The second contains four individuals (BCL 100% ), i. e. two populations of Limnonectes kuhlii from Yunnan Province. The third contains one species (BCL 100% ), i. e. five populations of Limnonectes fujianensis from Fujian Province and 1 from Taiwan Province. The resulted phylogenetie trees indicate L. fragilis is basal to L. kuhlii L. fujianensis 。 相似文献
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Ivors K Garbelotto M Vries ID Ruyter-Spira C Te Hekkert B Rosenzweig N Bonants P 《Molecular ecology》2006,15(6):1493-1505
Analysis of 12 polymorphic simple sequence repeats identified in the genome sequence of Phytophthora ramorum, causal agent of 'sudden oak death', revealed genotypic diversity to be significantly higher in nurseries (91% of total) than in forests (18% of total). Our analysis identified only two closely related genotypes in US forests, while the genetic structure of populations from European nurseries was of intermediate complexity, including multiple, closely related genotypes. Multilocus analysis determined populations in US forests reproduce clonally and are likely descendants of a single introduced individual. The 151 isolates analysed clustered in three clades. US forest and European nursery isolates clustered into two distinct clades, while one isolate from a US nursery belonged to a third novel clade. The combined microsatellite, sequencing and morphological analyses suggest the three clades represent distinct evolutionary lineages. All three clades were identified in some US nurseries, emphasizing the role of commercial plant trade in the movement of this pathogen. 相似文献
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Molecular phylogeny of the subterranean genus Niphargus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) in the Middle East: a comparison with European Niphargids
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Somayeh Esmaeili‐Rineh Alireza Sari Teo Delić Ajda Moškrič Cene Fišer 《Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society》2015,175(4):812-826
The subterranean genus Niphargus is one of the most species‐rich genera among freshwater amphipods in the world, distributed in the Western Palearctic. Thus far, taxonomic and phylogenetic research has focused mainly on the European half of the genus range. In this study, 25 populations of Niphargus from Iran, Lebanon and the Crimean Peninsula were investigated. Bayesian inference based on 28S, H3 and COI gene sequences suggests that populations from the area belong to four different clades. Three species from Crimea and one species from Iran are nested at basal nodes, indicating their rather ancient origin. The rest of the species are younger and belong to two separate clades. One Crimean species is a sister‐species to east Romanian species. The second clade includes one species from Lebanon and all but one population from Iran. The origin of this clade corresponds to marine transgression between the Black Sea and Mediterranean approximately 12 Mya. This clade was further investigated taxonomically. Revision of qualitative morphological traits and unilocus species delimitation methods using COI suggest that this clade comprises 12–16 species, of which only three have been described so far. Multilocus coalescence delimitation methods (using fragments of COI, 28S, H3 and ITS) strongly supported 11 of these species. The remaining populations comprise at least two species complexes that require further and more detailed taxonomic research. © 2015 The Linnean Society of London 相似文献
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Cryptic diversity of the symbiotic cyanobacterium Synechococcus spongiarum among sponge hosts 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Cyanobacteria are common members of sponge-associated bacterial communities and are particularly abundant symbionts of coral reef sponges. The unicellular cyanobacterium Synechococcus spongiarum is the most prevalent photosynthetic symbiont in marine sponges and inhabits taxonomically diverse hosts from tropical and temperate reefs worldwide. Despite the global distribution of S. spongiarum , molecular analyses report low levels of genetic divergence among 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences from diverse sponge hosts, resulting either from the widespread dispersal ability of these symbionts or the low phylogenetic resolution of a conserved molecular marker. Partial 16S rRNA and entire 16S–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genes were sequenced from cyanobacteria inhabiting 32 sponges (representing 18 species, six families and four orders) from six geographical regions. ITS phylogenies revealed 12 distinct clades of S. spongiarum that displayed 9% mean sequence divergence among clades and less than 1% sequence divergence within clades. Symbiont clades ranged in specificity from generalists to specialists, with most (10 of 12) clades detected in one or several closely related hosts. Although multiple symbiont clades inhabited some host sponges, symbiont communities appear to be structured by both geography and host phylogeny. In contrast, 16S rRNA sequences were highly conserved, exhibiting less than 1% sequence divergence among symbiont clades. ITS gene sequences displayed much higher variability than 16S rRNA sequences, highlighting the utility of ITS sequences in determining the genetic diversity and host specificity of S. spongiarum populations among reef sponges. The genetic diversity of S. spongiarum revealed by ITS sequences may be correlated with different physiological capabilities and environmental preferences that may generate variable host–symbiont interactions. 相似文献
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多叶重楼遗传多样性的ISSR分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用ISSR分子标记对多叶重楼种下3个变种的8个居群共208份样品的遗传多样性进行了分析。l4条引物共检测到251个清晰的扩增位点,其中多态位点235个。在物种水平上,多态位点百分率(PPB)达93.63%,Nei′s基因多样性指数(HE)为0.2204、Shannon′s信息指数(HO)为0.3532。在居群水平上,多态位点百分率(PPB)为50.45%,Nei′s基因多样性指数(HE)为0.1405,Shannon′s信息指数(HO)为0.2194,这些均表明多叶重楼的遗传多样性水平较高。此外,还用NTSYS软件对样品进行了UPGMA聚类分析,结果显示滇重楼的6个居群聚为一支,滇重楼与狭叶重楼有较近的亲缘关系,而与长药隔重楼之间的遗传分化较大。本研究提出了合理保护重楼植物资源的若干措施,为进一步开展滇重楼优质种质引种驯化,实现种质资源多样性的合理保护和可持续利用提供参考。 相似文献
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van der Kuyl AC Ph Ballasina DL Dekker JT Maas J Willemsen RE Goudsmit J 《Molecular phylogenetics and evolution》2002,22(2):174-183
To test phylogenetic relationships within the genus Testudo (Testudines: Testudinidae), we have sequenced a fragment of the mitochondrial (mt) 12S rRNA gene of 98 tortoise specimens belonging to the genera Testudo, Indotestudo, and Geochelone. Maximum likelihood and neighbor-joining methods identify two main clades of Mediterranean tortoises, one composed of the species Testudo graeca, Testudo marginata, and Testudo kleinmanni and a second of Testudo hermanni, Testudo horsfieldii, and Indotestudo elongata. The first clade, but not the second, was also supported by maximum parsimony analysis. Together with the genus Geochelone, a star-like radiation of these clades was suggested, as a sister-group relationship between the two Testudo clades could not be confirmed. The intraspecies genetic variation was examined by sequencing the mt 12S rRNA fragment from 28 specimens of T. graeca and 49 specimens of T. hermanni from various geographic locations. Haplotype diversity was found to be significantly larger in T. graeca compared with T. hermanni, suggestive of reduced genetic diversity in the latter species, perhaps due to Pleistocene glaciations affecting northern and middle Europe or other sources of lineage reduction. No ancient mt 12S rRNA gene haplotypes were identified in T. graeca and/or T. hermanni originating from islands in the Mediterranean Sea, suggesting that these islands harbor tortoise populations introduced from the European and African mainland. 相似文献