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1.
Maximum production of single-;cell protein (SCP), biomass, chemicals or fuels from microorganisms demands the manipulation of environmental conditions. Consequently, single-;cell protein production was carried out using Candida sp. and pawpaw fruit pulp extract (substrate), under conditions of varying initial inoculum, different agitation rates, nitrogen sources, and heat treatments. The highest viable cell count of 8.00 ± 1.34 × 1010 colony forming units (cfu)/ml was obtained with substrate supplemented with ammonium sulphate and the least viable cell count of 7.10 ± 2.10 × 106 cfu/ml was observed using urea treated substrate. An optimum viable cell count occurred with an initial inoculum of 5.60 × 105 cfu/ml, conditions of non-sterilization and agitation at 200 r.p.m. Growth also peaked at 24, 48 and 72 h with varying treatments. 相似文献
2.
The abilities of bacteria isolated from eight marine sedentary organisms, six marine sponges (Spirastrella sp., Phyllospongia sp., Ircinia sp., Aaptos sp., Azorica sp. and Axinella sp.), one soft coral (Lobophytum sp.) and one alga (Sargassum sp.) to produce industrial enzymes (amylase, carboxymethylcellulase and protease) were examined. The mean total viable counts of the bacterial isolates ranged from 8.7 × 104 to 8.4 × 105 cfu/g wet weight of the organism. All eight organisms harboured amylase (0.05–0.5 IU/ml), carboxymethylcellulase (0.05–0.5 IU/ml) and protease (0.1–0.5 IU/ml) producing bacteria. Of 56 bacterial strains tested, as many as 60 to 83% of the strains produced at least one of the three enzymes, and 47% of strains were able to produce all three enzymes. High activities (> 0.5 IU/ml) of the three enzymes were recorded in bacterial strains belonging to the genera Alcaligenes and Bacillus. From the results of this study, it appears that bacteria associated with marine sedentary organisms are the novel source of industrial enzymes for possible commercial applications and may play an important role in enzyme‐catalysed organic matter cycling in marine environments. 相似文献
3.
Biological control of crown rot of bananas with Pichia anomala strain K and Candida oleophila strain O 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The antagonistic activity of two yeast strains (Pichia anomala (E.C. Hansen) Kurtzman, strain K and Candida oleophila Montrocher, strain O) against the parasitic complex responsible for banana crown rot was evaluated. The strains were applied at three different concentrations (106, 107, 108 cfu/ml) and their efficacy tested in vivo on three separate fungi (Colletotrichum musae (Berk. & Curt.) Arx, Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon, and Cephalosporium sp.) and on a parasitic complex formed by association of these three fungi. At the concentrations used C. musae appeared to be the most pathogenic. The complex showed intermediate aggressiveness between C. musae and both other fungi.Statistically significant antagonistic effects were observed on C. musae, F. moniliforme, and the fungal complex. The highest protection level (54.4%) was observed with strain O added at 108 cfu/ml on crowns previously inoculated with the fungal complex. The level was lower when the fungi were inoculated separately.Furthermore, the antagonistic effect was strongly reinforced when strain O at 108 cfu/ml was applied 24 h before fungal complex inoculation (59.9%), as compared to its application 15 min (24.3%) or 3 h (27.3%) after fungal complex inoculation. Bananas showed increased susceptibility to the fungal complex from March to June, and this influenced the level of protection by yeast, which decreased over the same period. A strict negative correlation (R2 = 0.83) was highlighted between susceptibility of banana to crown rot and protection provided by yeast. 相似文献
4.
Vanlalhmuaka Kulanthaivel Thavachelvam Urmil Tuteja Kumari Sarika Suryanarayana Nagendra Subodh Kumar 《Indian journal of microbiology》2013,53(1):41-47
The need for a rapid detection and characterization of biowarfare (BW) agents cannot be over emphasized. With diverse array of potential BW pathogen available presently, rapid identification of the pathogen is crucial, so that specific therapy and control measures can be initiated. We have developed a multiplex polymerase chain reaction based reverse line blot macroarray to simultaneously detect four pathogens of BW importance viz. Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, Brucella melitensis and Burkholderia pseudomallei. The multiplex PCR utilizes 14 pairs of primers targeting 18 specific markers. These markers include genes which are genus specific, species-specific chromosomal sequences and virulence markers of plasmid origin. The assay was evaluated on various human, environment and animal isolates. The assay w successful in simultaneous detection and characterization of isolates of the four pathogens on as a single platform with sensitivity ranging from 0.3 pg to 0.3 ng of genomic DNA. The assay was able to detect 5 × 102 cfu/ml for B. anthracis, 8 × 102 cfu/ml for Yersinia sp., 1.4 × 102 cfu/ml for B. melitensis and 4 × 102 cfu/ml for B. pseudomallei. 相似文献
5.
The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, is one of the most harmful insect pests of rice crops in Asian countries. To find an effective biological control agent against this pest, we investigated the bacterial flora of field N. lugens collected from Jiangsu Province, China, in 2012 and tested its insecticidal activity. A novel bacterium strain, S-JS1, was isolated from N. lugens nymphs and adults and showed a high level of insecticidal activity. Based on its phenotypic, physiological and biochemical properties, and its 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, the isolate was assigned to Serratia marcescens; the name S. marcescens S-JS1 is proposed. The pathogenicity of S-JS1 against the third-instar nymphs, and the macropterous and the brachypterous adults of N. lugens were compared. The median lethal concentration (LC50) values of S-JS1 against the brachypterous adult were the lowest (LC50, 1.53?×?108 colony forming units (cfu)/ml), followed against the macropterous adult (LC50, 1.65?×?109?cfu/ml) and third-instar nymphs (LC50, 1.86?×?109?cfu/ml) at 5 days post-infection. The median lethal time values of 8?×?108?cfu/ml S. marcescens S-JS1 against the brachypterous adult, macropterous adult, and third-instar nymph were 4.5, 5.5, and 5.7 days, respectively. These results indicate that the S-JS1 isolate appears to be a promising S. marcescens strain with strong biocontrol potential against N. lugens. 相似文献
6.
Yaohui Wang Caina Jiang Guiqing Wen Xinghui Zhang Yanghe Luo Aimiao Qin Aihui Liang Zhiliang Jiang 《Luminescence》2016,31(4):972-977
Negatively charged bacteria combined with positively charged alkaline dye rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) in NaH2PO4–Na2HPO4 buffer solution pH 7.4, by electrostatic interaction. The dyed bacteria exhibited a strong fluorescence peak at 552 nm and fluorescence intensity was directly linear to Escherichia coli (E. coli), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) concentrations in the range of 7.06 × 104 to 3.53 × 107, 4.95 × 105 to 2.475 × 108 and 32.5 to 16250 colony forming unit/mL (cfu/mL) respectively, with detection limits of 3.2 × 104 cfu/mL E. coli, 2.3 × 105 cfu/mL B. subtilis and 16 cfu/mL S. aureus, respectively. Samples were cultured for 12 h, after which the linear detection range for E. coli was 2 to 88 cfu/mL. This simple, rapid and sensitive method was used for the analysis of water and drinking samples. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
Dhawan Sangeeta Pal Anirban Ancha Radhika Bawankule Dnyaneshwar Umrao Yadav Narayan Prasad Darokar Mahendra Pandurang Khanuja Suman Preet Singh 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(1):161-163
Candida albicans is yeast that is most often associated with serious fungal infections and can cause fungal diseases in immuno-compromised
patients especially patients suffering from AIDS, cancer and cases of organ transplant. Amongst women, candidal vaginitis
is predominantly caused by strains of Candida albicans and also remains to be a common problem in immuno-competent or healthy women. A study was undertaken to assess the efficacy
of a compound CIM 1166 obtained from plant source which was found to possess promising antimicrobial property under in vitro
conditions especially against C. albicans. Taking the lead further, a small animal model utilizing aged Swiss albino females that had parturated at least three times
were taken up for model development. Infection (7 × 106 cfu/ml) was instilled into the vagina in a volume of 20 μl for 3 days. Vaginal washings were aseptically collected on day
4th to confirm the establishment of infection following which the treatment was started which continued for the next 5 days
through vaginal route. Vaginal washings were collected on 6th day and the colony forming units were enumerated on chloramphenicol
incorporated SDA plates. The results indicated that there was a significant decrease in the colony forming units in vaginal
washings (8.0 × 102 cfu/ml) of the treated animals as compared to blank control group (6.0 × 104 cfu/ml). The positive control group administered with clotrimazole also showed a recovery from infection with a fungal load
of 8.78 × 102 cfu/ml. The study proves the efficacy of CIM 1166 in curing vaginal candidiasis in mice, which can be taken up for formulation
development and further studies. 相似文献
8.
Vitchuporn Vongsuvanlert Yoshiki Tani 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(7):1817-1824
d-Xylose (xylose) isomerase was extracted from xylose-grown cells of a methanol yeast, Candida boidinii (Kloeckera sp.) No. 2201. The enzyme was purified 70-fold, over the original cell- free extract, with a yield of 2.4% in a homogeneous state, as judged on sodium dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography. The molecular weight of the enzyme was determined to be 130,000, the enzyme being composed of two subunits of 65,000. The optimum pH and temperature for activity were 4.5 and 37~45°C, respectively. The enzyme activity was markedly enhanced by Mn2+, Mg2+ and Co2+, and the enzyme isomerized aldopentoses and aldohexoses. The Km values for xylose and d-glucose were 5.6 × 10?1m and 4.1 × 10?1m, and the Vmax values were 5.8 × 102 and 3.3 × 102 µmol/min/mg, respectively. NaHAsO4 7H2O and NaCN strongly inhibited the activity, but HgCl2, NaN3, dithiothreitol, monoiodoacetate and polyols such as d-sorbitol, xylitol and d-mannitol did not inhibit the activity. 相似文献
9.
Dragana Stanojević Ljiljana Čomić Olgica Stefanović 《Central European Journal of Biology》2010,5(4):491-495
The aim of the present study is to investigate the antibacterial activity of Salvia officinalis L. aqueous extracts and its synergistic action with preservatives sodium nitrite, sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate in vitro against selected food spoiling bacteria. Synergy was assessed by the checkerboard assay method and quantitatively represented
by the FIC index. Synergistic action was established for aqueous extract/ sodium benzoate, aqueous extract/ potassium sorbate,
aqueous extract/ sodium nitrite combinations. Synergy was detected in relation to: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Proteus sp. Synergy was established at plant extract and preservative concentrations corresponding up to 1/8 MIC values. 相似文献
10.
Quantitative and qualitative studies of the bacterial flora of farmed freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) larvae in Saudi Arabia were performed, and isolates identified where possible. Physico‐chemical characteristics, bacterial counts, and the nature of the bacterial flora of larvae rearing tank water, sediment, tank wall surfaces, larval surface, supplied water, and feed were investigated. Bacterial counts ranged from 2.1 ± 1.3 × 105 to 2.2 ± 0.8 × 107 colony forming units (CFU) ml?1 in tank water; 4.4 ± 0.9 × 107 to 8.3 ± 1.7 ×109 CFU g?1 in tank sediment; 8.6 ± 1.0 × 102 to 9.8 ±0.7 × 104 CFU cm?2 on the tank wall surface; 1.3 ± 1.1 × 104 to 7.7 ± 1.6 × 106 CFU per larva surface, 7.9 ± 1.2 × 105 to 5.0 ± 1.5 × 107 CFU g?1 in washed larval tissue slurries, 9.1 ± 0.7 × 103 CFU ml?1 in supplied water, and 2.4 ± 1.9 ×1010 CFU g?1 in mixed feed. Fourteen bacterial genera were identified, including Chryseomonas sp., Vibrio spp., Cellulomonas sp., Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pasteurella sp. The tank water and sediment had similar bacteria to those on the prawn larvae. Chryseomonas sp., Cellulomonas sp. and Vibrio sp. were the most dominant species (prevalence >10%) in tank water; Chryseomonas sp., Pseudomonas alcaligenes and Shewanella putrefaciens in the sediment; Ps. alcaligenes and Cellulomonas sp. on the tank wall surface; Chryseomonas sp., and Cellulomonas sp. on the larval surface; and Chryseomonas sp., Vibrio vulnificus, Sh. putrefaciens and V. alginolyticus in the washed larval tissue slurries (prevalence 10%). Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Moraxella sp., Serratia liquefaciens, Gordona sp. and Burkholderia glumae were absent in larvae but identified in the culture water, tank sediment, and tank wall surface. Pseudomonas sp., Chryseomonas sp., Pasteurella sp. and V. alginolyticus were the prevalent bacteria (>12%) in supplied water. The feed contained V. alginolyticus, A. hydrophila and Cellulomonas sp. as the dominant bacteria (>13%). In the culture water and larvae samples, 83% of the feed and supplied water bacteria were identified. 相似文献
11.
J. M. YOUNG 《The Annals of applied biology》1991,118(2):283-298
Comparative in planta studies with Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae have established optimum conditions for disease expression in lilac in terms of inoculum concentration, host age and post-inoculation conditions (temperature and day-length). Reproducible disease reactions required an inoculum concentration exceeding the ED50, 5 × 106 cfu/ml, and a temperature for post-inoculation incubation not exceeding 19°C. A revised host range of P. syringae pv. syringae, proposed on the basis of confirmation of pathogenicity of strains to lilac, comprises 44 species from monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. Nine new hosts Abelmoschus esculentus, Bromus willdenowii, Camellia sinensis, Centrosema pubescens, Citrullus lanatus, Cotoneaster sp., Cucumis melo, Populus×euramericana and Triticum aestivum, are recorded. A comparative laboratory study was made of strains of P. syringae pv. syringae using more than 30 selected biochemical and nutritional tests. The pathovar could be characterised on the basis of 11 of these which may prove to be useful determinative tests. 相似文献
12.
Zahra Zamani Mohammad Mehdi Aminaee Gholamreza Bakhshi Khaniki 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(15):1821-1830
Dubas bug, Ommatissus lybicus is one of the major sucking pests of date palm. Data palm is the most important economic crop in Iran. In this research, we isolated the pathogenic strain KB 201, KB 206, KB 211, KB 215, KB 220 and KB 512, of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana from soil and insects, which produced aerial and submerged conidia and blastospores in the laboratory conditions. We investigated the best conditions for the production and utilisation of the spore suspension to spray the nymph of O. lybicus, which is one of the important pests in Kerman province (Iran). A total of 180 isolates that naturally infected by O. lybicus were collected from date palm in Kerman province during spring and summer seasons 2010–2011. The pathogen city test was carried out with direct spray. To bioassay the isolates, three concentrations of the spore suspension were prepared as follows: 1?×?106, 1?×?107 and 1?×?108?conidia/ml. The pests were sprayed by aerial conidial suspension, which was prepared by 0.01% Tween 80 in distilled water, and the controls were sprayed by 0.01% Tween 80in distilled water. After spraying the pests, the plates were incubated at 25?±?1?°C and 80% of relative humidity. Then, the treated pests were monitored every day for the fungal growth and mortality. 相似文献
13.
Cryoconite holes have biogeochemical, ecological and biotechnological importance. This communication presents results on culturable
psychrophilic yeast and filamentous fungi from cryoconite holes at Midre Lovénbreen glacier. The identification of these microbes
was achieved through conventional and DNA sequencing techniques. Effect of temperature, salt and media on growth of the cultures
was studied. Measurements on the bioavailability of nutrients and trace metals were made through different methods including
ICPMS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry). Colony forming unit (CFU) per gram of sediment sample was calculated
to be about 7 × 103–1.4 × 104 and 4 × 103–1.2 × 104 of yeast and filamentous fungi, respectively. Based on morphology and sequence data, these were identified as Cryptococcus gilvescens, Mrakia sp., Rhodotorula sp., Phialophora alba and Articulospora tetracladia. Amongst these, Phialophora alba, Cryptococcus gilvescens and Mrakia sp. zhenx-1 are reported for the first time from Svalbard Arctic, while Rhodotorula sp. (95% gene similarity) is a new species, yet to be described. Rhodotorula sp. expressed high amylase, while Cryptococcus gilvescens showed high lipase activity. Mrakia sp. showed phosphate solubilization between 4 and 15°C, which is a first record. Chemical analysis revealed the presence
of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in substantial amounts in the sediments. Filamentous fungi and yeast in the cryoconite
holes drive the process of organic macromolecule degradation through cold-adapted enzyme secretion, thereby assisting in nutrient
cycling in these subglacial environments. Further, these cold-adapted enzymes may provide an opportunity for the prospect
of biotechnology in Arctic. This is the first report on mycological investigation into cryoconite holes from Midre Lovénbreen
glacier. 相似文献
14.
Soumendranath Chatterjee Syed Afrin Azmi Tuhin Subhra Ghosh Tushar Kanti Dangar 《Proceedings of the Zoological Society》2017,70(1):74-80
Soil samples were collected from different rice fields of Singur, Hooghly, West Bengal, India. Spore forming bacteria were isolated from the soil samples and among them, two isolates (BUSNC25 and BUSNC26) were larvicidal against third, fourth and fifth instar larvae of rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. The phenotypic, biochemical characterization and 16S rDNA analysis of the two isolates were done. On the basis of phenotypic, biochemical and phylogenetic analysis, the selected bacterial isolates (BUSNC25 and BUSNC26) were identified as Bacillus thuringiensis. The antibiotic sensitivity tests of these two isolates against selected doses of some standard antibiotics were done. Against the 3rd, 4th and 5th instar larvae of C. medinalis, the LC50 values of BUSNC25 were 2.45 × 104, 1.325 × 104 and 2.35 × 104 cfu/ml and of BUSNC26 were 3.375 × 104, 1.9 × 104 and 3.325 × 104 cfu/ml, respectively. 相似文献
15.
《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2020,27(8):2124-2128
Nucleopolyhedrosis viruses can be utilized for effective management of agriculture pests. Their efficacy can be increased if they are mixed with certain insecticides. In the current study, HaNPV was mixed with two insecticides: spinetoram and emamectin benzoate in various combinations and applied to larvae of H. armigera in laboratory conditions. There were a total of 15 combinations of HaNPV with each of the two insecticides in addition to five doses of HaNPV and three doses of insecticides alone. The synergistic and antagonistic effects of combinations were explored. The results revealed that there was synergistic effect of HaNPV @ 0.5 × 109 PIB/ml × Spinetoram @ 40, 20, 10 ml/100 L of water. In case of emamectin benzoate, synergistic effects were recorded at 1 × 109 PIB/ml HaNPV × emamectin benzoate @ 100 ml/100 L of water. However, 0.5 × 109 PIB/ml HaNPV has synergistic effects with all three doses of emamectin benzoate. The results suggested that HaNPV can be used in combination with spinetoram and emamectin benzoate for the management of resistant population of H. armigera. 相似文献
16.
In presented study the capability of microorganisms isolated from the rhizosphere of sweet flag (Acorus calamus) to the atrazine degradation was assessed. Following isolation of the microorganisms counts of psychrophilic bacteria, mesophilic
bacteria and fungi were determined. Isolated microorganisms were screened in terms of their ability to decompose a triazine
herbicide, atrazine. Our results demonstrate that within the rhizosphere of sweet flag there were 3.8 × 107 cfu of psychrophilic bacteria, 1.8 × 107 cfu of mesophilic bacteria, and 6 × 105 cfu of fungi per 1 g of dry root mass. These microorganisms were represented by more than 20 different strains, and at the
first step these strains were grown for 5 days in the presence of atrazine at a concentration of 5 mg/l. In terms of the effect
of this trial culture, the bacteria reduced the level of atrazine by an average of about 2–20%, but the average level of reduction
by fungi was in the range 18–60%. The most active strains involved in atrazine reduction were then selected and identified.
These strains were classified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Rahnella aquatilis (three strains), Umbelopsis isabellina, Volutella ciliata and Botrytis cinerea. Culturing of the microorganisms for a longer time resulted in high atrazine degradation level. The highest degradation level
was observed at atrazine concentrations of 5 mg/l for S. maltophilia (83.5% after 15 days of culture) and for Botrytis sp. (82% after 21 days of culture). Our results indicate that microorganisms of the sweet flag rhizosphere can play an important
role in the bioremediation of atrazine-contaminated sites. 相似文献
17.
Luis Guillermo Montes-Bazurto Alex Enrique Bustillo-Pardey Héctor Camilo Medina-Cárdenas 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2020,144(9):788-796
Stenoma impressella is one of the most important defoliator pests in oil palm plantations in Colombia. To identify an alternative method for its control was characterized biologically and molecularly two strains of Cordyceps cateniannulata (CPIsp1201 and IPIsp1201) and three strains of Beauveria bassiana (CPBb0502; CPBb0411; CPBb0404) against S. impressella larvae. Virulence was evaluated under laboratory conditions. In an oil palm leaflet, individual larvae obtained from the insect colony were inoculated with 5 μl of a conidial suspension containing 1 × 107 conidia/ml. The five strains were pathogenic against S. impressella larvae. CPIsp1201 and IPIsp1201 strains resulted in the highest mortality and were subsequently evaluated in two bioassays using a dose of 1 × 1013 conidia/ha. In the first bioassay, performed under shaded conditions, leaves of oil palms were infested with 75 larvae from the breeding/treatment. The second bioassay was performed in the field using natural populations. No differences were found between strains in both bioassays and the different dosages (5 × 1012, 1 × 1013, and 1.5 × 1013 conidia/ha). Finally, the two strains were evaluated under oil palm plantation conditions at a dose of 1 × 1013 conidia/ha in 126 naturally infested palms. Larval mortality caused by the strains IPIsp1201 and CPIsp1201 (79.5% and 70.5%, respectively) was higher than the natural mortality registered in the control (37.3%). Cordyceps cateniannulata used at 1 × 1013 conidia/ha was effective at controlling S. impressella. 相似文献
18.
Aim: To examine the growth and survival of Williopsis saturnus strains along with wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in grape must. Methods and Results: For this study, fermentations were performed in sterilized grape must at 18°C. Inoculum level was 5 × 106 cells per ml for each yeast. The results showed that W. saturnus yeasts exhibited slight growth and survival depending on the strain, but they died off by day 5. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, however, dominated the fermentation, reaching the population of about 8 log CFU ml?1. It was observed that ethanol formation was not affected. The concentrations of acetic acid, ethyl acetate and isoamyl acetate were found higher in mixed culture experiments compared to control fermentation. The results also revealed that higher alcohols production was unaffected in general. Conclusion: Fermentations did not form undesirable concentrations of flavour compounds, but production of higher levels of acetic acid in mixed culture fermentations may unfavour the usage of W. saturnus in wine making. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study provides information on the behaviour of W. saturnus together with S. cerevisiae during the alcoholic fermentation. 相似文献
19.
Carmenza Montoya Ricardo Lopes Albert Flori David Cros Teresa Cuellar Maryline Summo Sandra Espeout Ronan Rivallan Ange-Marie Risterucci Daniela Bittencourt Jorge R. Zambrano Wilmar H. Alarcón G Pierre Villeneuve Michel Pina Bruno Nouy Philippe Amblard Enrique Ritter Thierry Leroy Norbert Billotte 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2013,9(5):1207-1225
We chose an Elaeis interspecific pseudo-backcross of first generation (E. oleifera × E. guineensis) × E. guineensis to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for fatty acid composition of palm oil. A dense microsatellite linkage map of 362 loci spanned 1.485 cM, representing the 16 pairs of homologous chromosomes in the Elaeis genus from which we traced segregating alleles from both E. oleifera and E. guineensis grandparents. The relative linear orders of mapped loci suggested the probable absence of chromosome rearrangements between the E. oleifera and E. guineensis genomes. A total of 19 QTL associated to the palm oil fatty acid composition were evidenced. The QTL positions and the species origin as well as the estimated effects of the QTL marker alleles were in coherence with the knowledge of the oil biosynthesis pathway in plants and with the individual phenotypic correlations between the traits. The mapping of chosen Elaeis key genes related to oleic acid C18:1, using intra-gene SNPs, supported several QTLs underlying notably FATA and SAD enzymes. The high number of hyper-variable SSR loci of known relative linear orders and the QTL information make these resources valuable for such mapping study in other Elaeis breeding materials. 相似文献
20.
Efficacy of Beauveria bassiana against the strawberry pests, Lygus lineolaris, Anthonomus signatus and Otiorhynchus ovatus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
There are several insect species causing serious economic losses in strawberry, Fragaria vesca L., productions. In Quebec, Canada, the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), the strawberry bud weevil clipper, Anthonomus signatus (Say) and the strawberry root weevil, Otiorhynchus ovatus (L.) are the most important pests. We tested the susceptibility of these pests to the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana under laboratory conditions. Sixteen isolates were evaluated for their insecticide potential against these insects. Adults of each species were infected by the immersion method. All isolates were pathogenic to adults of all three species, causing mortality rates between 23.3% and 100% at a concentration of 1 × 107 conidia/ml. Based on the screening results, isolate INRS‐CFL was selected for its insecticide potential and then used for further analyses against L. lineolaris, A. signatus and O. ovatus adults. Bioassays were performed to evaluate the lethal concentration (LC50) and the average survival time (AST) of this isolate against both insect species. Results of dose–response mortality bioassays using four concentrations – 1 × 104, 1 × 106, 1 × 108 and 1 × 109 conidia/ml – indicated a LC50 values of 5.3 × 105, 1.8 × 107 and 9.9 × 107 conidia/ml at 7 days after inoculation for L. lineolaris, A. signatus and O. ovatus respectively. Using a dose of 1 × 108 conidia/ml, the AST values were estimated at 4.41, 7.56 and 8.29 days, respectively, at a concentration of 1 × 108 conidia/ml. This study demonstrated the potential of B. bassiana for the management of L. lineolaris, A. signatus and O. ovatus. Results also suggest that the heteropteran species is more susceptible than coleopteran species to B. bassiana. 相似文献