六种土壤腹毛类纤毛虫的形态学研究

本研究采用非淹没培养皿法、活体观察法和蛋白银染色法,对隶属于3科5属的6种土壤腹毛类纤毛虫进行了活体形态学和纤毛图式的研究,包括背褶拟片尾虫(Urosomoida dorsiincisura Foissner,1982)、边缘片尾虫[Urosoma emarginata(Stokes,1885)Berger,1999]、巴西戴维虫(Deviata brasiliensis Siqueira-Castro,PaivaSilva-Neto,2009)、刚强殖口虫[Gonostomum strenuum(Engelmann,1862)Sterki,1878]、拟殖口殖口虫[Gonostomum gonostomoidum(Hemberger,1985)Berger,1999]和布氏瓦拉虫[Wallackia bujoreani(Lepsi,1951)BergerFoissner,1989]。其中,边缘片尾虫和拟殖口殖口虫为国内新记录种;巴西戴维虫为我国土壤新记录种。通过对蛋白银染色显示的纤毛排布结果进行主要分类特征的测量和统计,并计算各个种种群主要分类特征的最小值、最大值、平均值、标准差和变异系数。结果显示,本文所研究6个种的种群与国内外同种种群略有差异,但总体在种内范围内波动。本文丰富了我国纤毛虫的物种多样性,同时丰富了该类群纤毛虫的地理分布研究。     

四种淡水缘毛类纤毛虫的形态学研究

通过活体显微观察及银染法对采自武汉东湖的4种固着缘毛类纤毛虫: 粗茎睫纤虫Ophrydium crassicaule Penard, 1922, 念珠伪钟虫Pseudovorticella monilata (Tatem, 1870) Foissner & Schiffmann, 1974, 垂盖虫Opercularia nutans (Ehrenberg, 1831) Stein, 1854和一个鞘居虫未定种Vaginicola sp.的活体、纤毛图式、银线系以及细胞核的形态学特征进行详细的描述, 补充和完善了缘毛类纤毛虫的形态学资料, 为纤毛虫分类和系统发育学的研究提供重要信息。此外, 首次在伪钟虫中观察到有性生殖现象, 为纤毛虫生殖进化的研究提供了基础资料。     

青岛沿海七种腹毛类纤毛虫的形态学研究(原生动物,纤毛门)

借助活体观察及银染法等对采自青岛沿海的7种较罕见的腹毛类纤毛虫(拉氏游仆虫Euplotes raikovi,拟伍氏游仆虫Euplotes parawoodruffi,坚盾檐纤虫Aspidisca leptaspis,斯坦槽纤虫Aspidsca steird,收缩沙冠虫Psammnomitra retractilis,柔弱异列虫 Anteholosticha manca,条纹小双虫Amphisiella annulata)进行了形态学研究,包括两个国内新纪录:拉氏游仆虫,拟伍氏游仆虫,同时补充了各青岛种群的纤毛图式及银线系等资料.对迄今缺乏详细研究的拉氏游仆虫首次做了纤毛图式水平上的描述并在前人工作基础上给出了修订后的定义:活体约40～60 μn×25～40 μn,背部有明显的6列嵴突;口区延至虫体1/2后;口围带由23～35片小膜组成;额-腹棘毛包括7根典型棘毛以及位于额区中部的仅由1对毛基粒构成的退化结构;稳定的1根缘棘毛、2根尾棘毛;背触毛6～8列;银线系为double-patella型;海水种.     

土壤腹毛类纤毛虫四新纪录种

利用非淹没培养皿法、活体观察和蛋白银染色法,研究了青岛的土壤纤毛虫,发现2属4种我国新纪录种:澳洲管膜虫(Cyrtohymena australis Foissner,1995)、四核管膜虫[C.quadrinucleata(DragescoNjine,1971)]、犬牙管膜虫[C.candens(Kahl,1932)]及迟钝澳纤虫(Australocirrus oscitans BlattererFoissner,1988)。文中对该4种纤毛虫的活体形态和纤毛图式进行了观察记述,补充了前人描述的不足,并依据统计学特征与相近种群进行了比较。     

中国土壤原生动物新记录种：纤毛虫门：寡膜纲

该文报道了首次在中国土壤中鉴定到的、隶属于纤毛虫门寡膜纲的６种原生动物。这些种类是腐生拟康纤虫、刚毛胃纤虫、怪形钟虫、无规靴纤虫和旗康纤虫。     

广东大亚湾七种腹毛类纤毛虫(原生动物,纤毛门)的形态学研究

利用活体观察和蛋白银染色技术对采自广东大亚湾沿岸水体的7个南海新纪录种:紧缩全列虫Holosticha diademata(Rees,1883)Kahl,1932、缩颈半腹柱虫Hemigastrostyla enigmatica(Dragesco & Dragesco-Kernéis,1986)Song&Wilbert,1997、念珠腹棘虫Gastrocirrhus monilifer(Ozaki & Yagiu,1942)Curds & Wu,1983、四核舍太虫Certesia quadrinudeata Fabre-Domergue,1885、斯特后尾柱虫Metaurostylopsis struederkypkeae Shao et al.,2008、盐尖毛虫Oxytricha saltans(Cohn,1866)Kahl,1932、小心毛虫Caryotricha minuta(Xu et al.,2008)Miao et al.,2009等腹毛类纤毛虫进行了形态学再研究,补充了有关活体形态学、纤毛图式以及性状变异等分类学新信息.结果显示,该7种的南海种群与我国北方海域种群之间存在不同程度的形态学差异.     

长江口地区五种腹毛类纤毛虫的形态学研究

利用活体观察和蛋白银染色技术,对采自长江口泥滩潮间带及河道的五种腹毛类纤毛虫进行了形态学研究。包括对两个国内新记录种仁川巴库虫Bakuella (Bakuella) incheonensis和希斯多利织毛虫Histriculus histrio提供了详细的活体特征和纤毛图式信息,对红色伪角毛虫Pseudokeronopsis rubra、黄色伪角毛虫Pseudokeronopsis flava和冠突伪尾柱虫Pseudourostyla cristata进行了形态学重描述。五种腹毛类纤毛虫的长江口种群与国内外种群均存在不同程度的形态学差异:仁川巴库虫较韩国原始种群体型大,口围带小膜和额前棘毛数较多;希斯多利织毛虫与部分国外种群存在体长差异;红色伪角毛虫与青岛种群相比形态特征基本吻合但个体大小的波动范围较大;黄色伪角毛虫与湛江种群相比额棘毛数目较多;冠突伪尾柱虫较奥地利种群体型较小,与日本种群相比大核较多。该工作丰富了中国腹毛类纤毛虫多样性的认识。     

腹毛类纤毛虫杆形戴维虫的形态学和细胞发生

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中国土壤原生动物新纪录种(纤毛虫门：多膜纲；异毛目)

报道了首次在中国土壤中鉴定到的、隶属于纤毛虫门多膜纲异毛目的７种原生动物。这些种类是泥炭藓苔扭虫、透明赭虫、长赭虫、透明扭头虫、弯曲扭头虫、旋短端突虫和梅氏扁豆虫。     

中国土壤纤毛虫一新种和五新纪录种(原生动物,纤毛门)

记述了采自甘肃麦积山风景名胜区和兴隆山国家级自然保护区土壤中的纤毛虫,包括1新种和中国5新纪录种:拟迪氏角毛虫Keronopsis paradieckmanni sp.nov.,多泡伪拟斜管虫Pseudochilodonopsis polyvacuolata,梨形四膜虫 Tetrahymena pyriformis,穴居斯道克虫 Sterkiella cavicola,四棘毛管膜虫Cyrtohymenta tetracirrata和优雅游仆虫 Euplotes elegans.     

世界今生砂壳纤毛虫名录

砂壳纤毛虫隶属于纤毛门、旋毛纲、环毛亚纲、砂壳目.本文总结了自Kofoid和Campbell(1929)以来的分类学资料,参照Lynn(2008)的分类系统,整理成世界砂壳纤毛虫新名录.厘清砂壳纤毛虫共有15科69属954种,其中海洋种为15科69属925种,淡水种为3科5属29种.在所有属中,以拟铃虫属(Tintinnopsis包含物种最多,为137种,其中海洋种为118种.我国水体共记录有13科36属164种,海洋种13科36属144种,淡水种2科3属20种.除杯形铃壳虫(Codonella cratera)、湖泊领细壳虫(Stenosemella lacustris)、蜉蝣筒壳虫(Tintinnidium ephemeridum)、蝌蚪筒壳虫(Tintinnidium ranunculi)、半缘筒壳虫(Tintinnidium semiciliatum)、纺锤拟铃虫(Tintinnopsis fusiformis)、伊利诺拟铃虫(Tintinnopsis illinoisensis)、卵圆拟铃虫(Tintinnopsis ovalis)、圆柱拟铃虫(Tintinnopsis cylindrata)、这9个种外,其他淡水种在我国都有记录.该名录中,除了已有中文名的159种外,其余的种我们给出了中文译名,并将部分译为似铃虫属(Tintinnopsis)的中文名统一为拟铃虫属,部分译为麻铃虫属(Leprotintinnus)的中文名统一为薄铃虫属,将截短角口虫(Salpingella decurtata)改为截短号角虫,将冰生拟铃壳虫(Codonellopsis glacialis)改为冰生类铃虫.     

Morphology and taxonomy of Pseudokeronopsis rubra (Ehrenberg, 1836) and Pseudokeronopsis parasongi sp. nov. (Ciliophora,Hypotrichia, Urostylida) from the Yellow Sea

Pseudokeronopsis rubra (Ehrenberg, 1836), type species of Pseudokeronopsis, is a widely reported but taxonomically confused species with most available sequences either misidentified or dubious. Based on the Yellow Sea population, of which the molecular data have been analyzed in a previous work, we redescribe P. rubra and try to clarify the identifications of the populations designated as P. rubra or those allocated to this species. Nonetheless, there is still a need of integrated investigation of the species combing both morphological and molecular data based on specimens from its type locality. Recent molecular analyses indicate a Yellow Sea population of Pseudokeronopsis (marked as P. cf. songi) likely represents a new species. Here we describe it as P. parasongi sp. nov. based on the specimens from the same population. The new species possesses a yellow-brownish body with both pigmented cortical granules and colorless blood cell-shaped structures underneath the body surface, invariably one contractile vacuole at 66% of body length and occasionally a second one at 25%, and the midventral complex terminating 2–23 μm ahead of 2–4 transverse cirri. It differs from closely related species by its yellow-brownish body color and separates from them in the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and COI genetic distances.     

Morphological Characterizations of Four Species of Parallelostrombidium (Ciliophora,Oligotrichia), with a Note on the Phylogeny of the Genus

The morphology and phylogeny of four oligotrichid ciliates, Parallelostrombidium paraellipticum sp. n., P. dragescoi sp. n., P. jankowskii (Xu et al. 2009) comb. n., and P. kahli (Xu et al. 2009) comb. n., are described or redescribed based on live observation, protargol stained material, and SSU rRNA gene sequences. The new species P. paraellipticum sp. n. is characterized by its obovoidal cell shape, adoral zone composed of 17–21 collar, 9–11 buccal, and two thigmotactic membranelles, and extrusomes attached in one row along the girdle kinety. The new species P. dragescoi sp. n. is distinguished from its congeners by its obovoidal cell shape and a lack of thigmotactic membranelles. Based on ciliary patterns recognizable in the original slides, Omegastrombidium jankowskii Xu et al. 2009 and O. kahli Xu et al. 2009 should be transferred to the genus Parallelostrombidium Agatha 2004. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rRNA gene sequence data demonstrate that all four new sequences cluster with previously described congeners. The genus Parallelostrombidium is separated into two clusters, suggesting its non‐monophyly and probably corresponding to the two subgenera proposed by Agatha and Strüder‐Kypke (2014), as well as their morphological difference (cell dorsoventrally flattened vs. unflattened).     

甘肃尕海硅藻初报

报道了2011年8月及2012年10月采自甘肃尕海的硅藻植物共84个分类单位,包括32属75种9变种,其中4种为中国新记录：Gomphonema laticollum E．Reichardt、Navicula antonii Lange—Bertalot、Navicula seibigiana Lange—Bertalot、Stauroneis reichardii Lange—Bertalot。对尕海硅藻的种类组成、生态特征进行了讨论。     

双菱藻科（硅藻门）——四个中国新纪录种

本文报道了采自新疆及云南地区的双菱藻科（硅藻门）中国新纪录植物4种,分别为耳蜗波缘藻Cymato—pleura cochlea Brun、维苏双菱藻Surirella visurgis Hustedt、盾状马鞍藻Campylodiscus clypeus Ehrenberg和莱温德马鞍藻Campylodiscus levanderi Hustedt。通过光镜（LM）和扫描电镜（SEM）观察,对其分类学特征进行了详细的描述,并介绍了他们的生境特征等。     

中国甘肃和青海省叶蜂类六新种记述(膜翅目:叶蜂科)(英文)

记述了叶蜂科采自甘肃的3个新种:Tenthredo(Tenthredo)sinotemula sp.nov.,Tenthredo(Tenthredella)labrangensis sp.nov.和Tenthredo(Tenthredella)sinosimplex sp.nov.;采白青海的3个新种:Tenthredo(Tenthredella)rolleri sp.nov.,Tenthredo(Tenthredella)qinghaiensis sp.nov.和Tenthredo(Tenthredella)yunningsiensis sp.nov.     

Morphological studies on two marine colepid ciliates from Qingdao, China, Nolandia orientalis spec. nov. and Pinacocoleps similis (Kahl, 1933) comb. nov. (Ciliophora, Colepidae)

Recent studies have revealed that the “lower” marine ciliates are far more diverse than previously suspected. During a survey on the ciliate fauna in coastal waters of Qingdao, northern China, we have isolated about 30 new or poorly known taxa. In the present study two colepid species are investigated, Nolandia orientalis spec. nov. and Pinacocoleps similis (Kahl, 1933) comb. nov. (basionym: Coleps similis Kahl, 1933). Their morphology and infraciliature are documented based on living observations and silver impregnations. The new species Nolandia orientalis differs from the type species N. nolandi mainly in the structure of tier plates. The structure of the tier plates was also the basis for transferring Coleps similis Kahl, 1933 to the genus Pinacocoleps and for three further new combinations: Pinacocoleps heteracanthus (Noland, 1937) comb. nov. (basionym: Coleps heteracanthus Noland, 1937), P. spiralis (Noland, 1937) comb. nov. (basionym Coleps spiralis Noland, 1937) and Pinacocoleps arenarius (Bock, 1952) comb. nov. (basionym: Coleps arenarius Bock, 1952).