乙型肝炎病毒PreS2S基因在毕赤酵母中表达的研究

构建重组质粒PHIL-D2/PreS2S以研究乙肝病毒PreS2(120-146)S基因编码蛋白在毕赤酵母中的表达。通过PCR扩增获得PreS2S片段,插入含AOX1启动子的Pichia Pastoris表达载体PHIL-D2中,构建重组表达质粒PHIL-D2/PreS2S,转化酵母宿主菌GS115。挑取阳性克隆摇床培养,甲醇诱导表达。通过ELISA、RPHA鉴定表达产物。成功构建了PHIL-D2/PreS2S真核表达载体,经过序列分析,插入的基因为在中国流行的adr亚型。在毕赤酵母中重组载体表达了S蛋白,S蛋白的表达量为34.9 mg/L,PreS2抗原检测为强阳性。利用毕赤酵母表达系统能够有效地表达乙型肝炎病毒的PreS2S蛋白,PreS2S蛋白具有良好的生物学活性。     

Protein expression and purification of human Zbtb7A in Pichia pastoris via gene codon optimization and synthesis

Human Zbtb7A was proved to be an important molecular switch in oncogenesis. However, it is difficult to obtain its protein expression in prokaryotic system, due to high G+C content and rare codons in zbtb7a gene. Therefore, to further research the function and application of this protein, we optimized its coding sequence according to the codon bias of Pichia pastoris, synthesized the sequence with two-step PCR and confirmed the accuracy by DNA sequencing. The assembled fragment was introduced into P. pastoris expression vector pPIC9K and the resultant plasmid pPIC9K-zbtb7a-his(6) was transformed into the P. pastoris strain GS115 by electroporation. The products of the transformants induced by methanol were analyzed by 10% SDS-PAGE and identified by Western Blot assay. The expression conditions of the selected transformant were optimized. Additionally, a two-step purification protocol was applied to purify the recombinant protein. The results showed that the synthetic coding sequence of human Zbtb7A was successfully obtained and inserted into pPIC9K vector. Human Zbtb7A protein was expressed in P. pastoris and identified by western blot. The optimal conditions for its expression in P. pastoris were under a final concentration of 1% methanol and a time-course of 4d. Through the two-step purification, Zbtb7A protein was purified in high purity and its production reached up to as high as 18 mg/L. These results indicated that an effective procedure for expressing and purifying human Zbtb7A in P. pastoris was established.     

猪传染性胃肠炎病毒纤突糖蛋白在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达

目的:利用巴斯德毕赤酵母表达系统表达猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)纤突糖蛋白S。方法:根据GenBank中猪TGEV纤突糖蛋白S全基因设计一对引物,并在5'引物和3'引物中引入EcoRⅠ、NotⅠ酶切位点,2.2kb的目的基因S经PCR扩增后克隆于pBS-T载体,再将S基因经双酶切从T载体切下并与穿梭质粒pPIC9k连接,SalⅠ线性化重组穿梭质粒pPIC9k-S,电转化于毕赤酵母GS115感受态细胞,G418筛选鉴定阳性重组子,经甲醇诱导,SDS-PAGE检测诱导后上清。结果:对pPIC9k-S重组酵母表达载体的测序证实已成功克隆了猪TGEVS基因;重组酵母菌诱导表达后,SDS-PAGE检测结果显示表达产物的相对分子质量约为82×103,且S蛋白以可溶性形式分泌表达于胞外。结论:利用巴斯德毕赤酵母真核表达系统成功表达了猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(河北分离株)纤突糖蛋白S。     

乳酸菌素Gassericin T基因的人工合成及其组成型表达载体的构建

目的:为了研究乳酸菌素Gassericin T的作用机制及应用价值,人工合成Gassericin T基因并构建能高效表达外源蛋白的毕赤酵母组成型表达载体。方法:应用PCR方法从毕赤酵母染色体中扩增GAP启动子,经测序正确后与已线性化的不含pAOX1启动子的毕赤酵母诱导型表达载体pPIC9K连接,转化大肠杆菌DH5α。根据Gassericin T的基因序列,把Gassericin T的结构基因gatA的密码子转换成毕赤酵母偏爱的形式,设计了6条59nt的寡聚核苷酸引物,通过3次连续PCR反应,人工合成gatA片段(简称gat基因),经测序正确后插入pGAP9K质粒的多克隆位点。结果:用GAP启动子(pGAP)取代了pPIC9K上的pAOX1,构建了毕赤酵母组成型表达载体pGAP9K;PCR拼接获得250bp的目的基因序列,将目的基因克隆于pGAP9K,获得组成型表达载体pGAP9K-gat。结论:为下一步在毕赤酵母中组成型表达外源蛋白,研究其作用机理和遗传机制奠定了基础。     

Synthesis of Drosophila melanogaster acetylcholinesterase gene using yeast preferred codons and its expression in Pichia pastoris

To improve the expression level of recombinant Drosophila melanogaster AChE (R-DmAChE) in Pichia pastoris, the cDNA of DmAChE was first optimized and synthesized based on the preferred codon usage of P. pastoris. The synthesized AChE cDNA without glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) signal peptide sequence was then ligated to the P. pastoris expression vector, generating the plasmid pPIC9K/DmAChE. The linearized plasmid was homologously integrated into the genome of P. pastoris GS115 via electrotransformation. Finally seven transformants with high expression level of R-DmAChE activity were obtained. The highest production of R-DmAChE in shake-flask culture after 5-day induction by methanol was 718.50units/mL, which was about three times higher than our previous expression level of native DmAChE gene in P. pastoris. Thus, these new strains with the ability to secret R-DmAChE in the medium could be used for production of R-DmAChE to decrease the cost of the enzyme expense for rapid detection of organophosphate and carbamate insecticide residues.     

TIMP-2在毕赤酵母中的克隆与表达

为了克隆人基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂-2（TIMP-2）基因,并在Pichia pastoris中表达,根据GenBank上的TIMP-2的氨基酸序列和毕赤酵母偏爱密码子,通过化学合成和PCR相结合的方法获得了人的TIMP-2基因全长序列,构建了pPIC9-T2表达载体,电击转化到毕赤酵母,通过表型筛选和诱导表达得到蛋白表达工程菌,并对表达产物进行了分离纯化和生物学活性分析。     

Hepcidin的基因克隆及其在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达

根据已知hepcidin氨基酸序列,参照毕赤氏巴斯德酵母(Pichia pastoris)密码子偏好性,设计合成了hepcidin目的基因。所合成的hepcidin基因全长96bp,其5′端引入KEX2基因产物(Kex2)的特异性识别位点序列,以保证表达产物具有天然N端。通过基因重组的方法将hepcidin基因克隆到pPicZαA载体中,构建了分泌型重组酵母表达载体pPICZαA-Hepc,经电转至毕赤酵母GS115中表达。使用浓度高达1500μg/mL的Zeocin筛选得到高拷贝插入GS115菌株,经摇瓶发酵和甲醇诱导,上清液有明显的hepcidin表达,表达量达到100mg/L。初步抗菌特性研究表明,该表达产物对枯草芽孢杆菌有明显的抑菌作用,而对大肠杆菌抑菌效果不明显。     

Expression and one-step purification of recombinant proteins using an alternative episomal vector for the expression of N-tagged heterologous proteins in Pichia pastoris

Here we report the construction of an alternative episomal vector, pBGP3, which allows the expression of heterologous proteins with N-terminal hexahistidine and myc-epitope tags in Pichia pastoris. To test the usefulness of pBGP3, four cellulases from termites were expressed. Production was confirmed by activity assays and Western blot using anti-c-Myc antibody. Purification was performed by single-step Ni(2+)-affinity chromatography, which confirmed the efficiency of pBGP3.     

基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂-2基因的人工合成与克隆

根据GenBank报道的基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂-2(TIMP-2)氨基酸序列和毕赤酵母偏爱密码子设计,通过化学方法合成得到适合在毕赤酵母中表达的目的TIMP-2基因序列,并将其克隆到质粒pPIC9中,构建了pPIC9-T2表达载体,PCR鉴定及测序结果表明得到了正确的TIMP-2基因序列。     

Gassericin T基因的合成及其组成型表达载体的构建

目的:构建Gassericin T基因毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)组成型表达载体。方法:根据乳酸菌素Gassericin T的基因序列,把Gassericin T的结构基因gatA编码的氨基酸的密码子转换成P.pastoris偏爱的形式,设计了6条59nt的寡聚核苷酸引物,通过3次连续PCR反应,获得了250bp左右的gat A片段(简称gat基因)。应用PCR方法从P.pastoris染色体中扩增了GAP启动子,大小为500bp左右,以其取代诱导型表达载体pPIC9K上的pAOX1,构建了组成型表达载体pGAP9K。将合成的gat基因克隆到pGAP9K质粒的多克隆位点中。结果:获得的gat及gap基因与预期结果一致,序列无碱基突变,构建的表达载体pGAP9K-gat经PCR、酶切鉴定完全正确。结论:成功构建了Gassericin T基因P.pastoris组成型表达载体,为下一步高效表达Gassericin T蛋白,进一步研究其作用机理及应用价值打下基础。     

少根根霉Δ^6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因在毕赤酵母中的表达

Δ^6-脂肪酸脱氢酶是一种膜整合蛋白,也是多不饱和脂肪酸合成途径中的限速酶。在前期工作中,通过RT-PCR和RACE技术,从少根根霉NK300037中克隆到一个潜在编码Δ^6-脂肪酸脱氢酶的序列,序列和功能分析结果表明该序列具有一个长度为1377bp、编码由458个氨基酸组成、大小为52kD的新的Δ^6-肪酸脱氢酶基因。把少根根霉Δ^6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因（RAD6）亚克隆到表达载体pPIC3．5K,构建重组表达载体pPICRAD6,并转化到毕赤酵母菌株GS115进行表达。提取酵母细胞总脂肪酸和进行甲酯化,经气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱连用分析表明,目的基因的编码产物能将C16：1、C17：1、C18：1、亚油酸和α-亚麻酸在△6和7位间特异性脱氢而引入一个新的双键,生成更高不饱和的脂肪酸,该催化反应没有链长特异性,只有键位特异性。此外,按Kozak序列特点,改变目的基因转译起始密码子周边序列结构,并把改变后序列导入毕赤酵母GS115中进行功能表达分析,结果表明在毕赤酵母中这种改变同样能提高目的基因的表达水平。综合所有分析结果表明,巴斯德毕赤酵母更适合用来综合分析Δ^6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因的功能。     

少根根霉△6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因在毕赤酵母中的表达

△6-脂肪酸脱氢酶是一种膜整合蛋白,也是多不饱和脂肪酸合成途径中的限速酶.在前期工作中,通过RT-PCR和RACE技术,从少根根霉NK300037中克隆到一个潜在编码△6-脂肪酸脱氢酶的序列,序列和功能分析结果表明该序列具有一个长度为1377bp、编码由458个氨基酸组成、大小为52kD的新的△6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因.把少根根霉△6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因(RAD6)亚克隆到表达载体pPIC3.5K,构建重组表达载体pPICRAD6,并转化到毕赤酵母菌株GS115进行表达.提取酵母细胞总脂肪酸和进行甲酯化,经气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱连用分析表明,目的基因的编码产物能将C16:1、C17:1、C18:1、亚油酸和α-亚麻酸在△6和7位间特异性脱氢而引入一个新的双键,生成更高不饱和的脂肪酸,该催化反应没有链长特异性,只有键位特异性.此外,按Kozak序列特点,改变目的基因转译起始密码子周边序列结构,并把改变后序列导入毕赤酵母GS115中进行功能表达分析,结果表明在毕赤酵母中这种改变同样能提高目的基因的表达水平.综合所有分析结果表明,巴斯德毕赤酵母更适合用来综合分析△6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因的功能.     

Analysis of a recessive plasmid copy number mutant: evidence for negative control of Col E1 replication.

The Col E1-derivative copy number mutant plasmid pOP1Δ6 has been used to investigate the control of plasmid replication. pOP1Δ6 normally exists at about 200 copies per chromosome, while the wild-type plasmid from which it was derived (pBGP120) exists at about 15 copies per chromosome. We have observed that in E. coli containing both pOP1Δ6 and pBGP120, the copy number of pOP1Δ6 is lowered to 4–6 copies per chromosome. Thus the mutation in pOP1Δ6 is recessive. The association between the two plasmids is stable in E. coli, indicating that incompatibility properties as well as replication control characteristics have been altered in pOP1Δ6. Co-residence of the unrelated plasmid pSC101 with pOP1Δ6 has no detectable effect on pOP1Δ6 copy number. These results suggest that a plasmid-specific, diffusible repressor may act negatively to control plasmid copy number, and that pOP1Δ6 produces a defective repressor or is altered in repressor synthesis. We have constructed in vitro a plasmid which is identical in size to pQP1Δ6 but contains a replication origin region derived from pBGP120. Since this plasmid, pNOP1, exists stably (like pBGP120) at 10–15 copies per chromosome, the high copy number of pOP1Δ6 is not related to its reduced size relative to pBGP120. To localize the mutation in pOP1Δ6 responsible for DNA overproduction, we have cloned fragments of pBGP120 into pOP1Δ6 and selected for plasmids with wild-type copy number. We find that a 2.0 kb region of pBGP120 DNA surrounding the origin of plasmid DNA replication is capable of suppressing the DNA overproducer phenotype of pOP1Δ6. The 2.0 kb fragment is capable of independent self-replication or can integrate into pOP1Δ6 in vivo to form a composite plasmid with two origins of replication. The overproducer phenotype of pOP1Δ6 is suppressed in either configuration.     

丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白基因在毕赤酵母中克隆与分析

目的:克隆丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白基因及其上游DNA序列,为此基因的表达研究作准备。方法:用反转录和PCR方法从HCV的总RNA中扩增得到核心蛋白基因及其上游DNA序列,连接到pMD18-T载体上,用限制性内切酶切下目的基因,插入到巴斯德毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9K中,构建成重组质粒,测序证明正确后,再将目的基因在毕赤酵母中进行克隆,鉴定。结果:重组质粒转化毕赤酵母后,经PCR鉴定,证明形成了目的基因的克隆。结论:应用毕赤酵母作为受体菌,pPIC9K为载体,成功克隆了HCV核心蛋白基因。     

米曲霉木聚糖酶基因的克隆及其在毕赤酵母中的表达

目的:构建米曲霉木聚糖酶基因的真核表达载体,并转化巴斯德毕赤酵母,进行分泌表达。方法:以米曲霉总RNA为模板,根据已知的米曲霉木聚糖酶基因序列设计引物,采用RT-PCR技术克隆木聚糖酶基因cDNA序列,将其与pPIC9K质粒连接构建表达载体后转化毕赤酵母,经MM/MD快慢斑筛选,得到Muts型重组子,进行甲醇诱导表达。结果:克隆得到的cDNA序列全长666 bp,连续编码221个氨基酸;阳性克隆子在诱导培养数天后,将菌液点于RBB-木聚糖平板上,产生了明显的透明圈,表明重组木聚糖酶在毕赤酵母中获得表达。结论:木聚糖酶基因的真核表达载体构建成功,并能够在毕赤酵母中表达。     

用毕赤酵母的GAP启动子调控表达L-阿拉伯糖异构酶

应用PCR从大肠杆菌基因组中扩增L-阿拉伯糖异构酶基因,用EcoR I和Not I双酶切将其克隆进P.pastoris表达载体,获得重组表达载体pGAP9K-L-ai。通过电转法将pGAP9K—L-ai转化毕赤酵母GS115,筛选高G418抗性和高表达L-阿拉伯糖异构酶的重组工程菌。用葡萄糖作为碳源在摇瓶中发酵48 h,表达重组L-ai 53 mg/L。用毕赤酵母的GAP启动子调控表达的重组L-ai具有异构D-半乳糖生成D-塔格糖的生物学活性。     

猪囊尾蚴疫苗候选基因TSO18在酵母中的高效表达

将猪带绦虫六钩蚴TSO18基因亚克隆至毕赤酵母分泌性表达载体pPIC9K,构建重组表达载体pPIC9K_TSO18,电转化毕赤酵母菌GS115,使重组表达载体与酵母染色体发生同源整合。采用G418抗性梯度法筛选得到多拷贝重组菌株,用甲醇进行诱导表达,并对表达产物进行SDS_PAGE和Western blot分析、脱糖基化分析、分子筛纯化和小鼠免疫接种等表明,目的蛋白得到了高效表达并进行了适度的糖基化,易于纯化且具有免疫活性。在5L发酵罐中目的蛋白表达量达到2.54mg/mL,为制备基因工程疫苗打下了坚实的基础。     

猪β防御素1基因在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达

PBD-1是猪防御系统起重要作用的抗菌小肽,为实现其在毕赤酵母中的表达,根据已发表的猪β防御素1(PBD-1)氨基酸序列和酵母偏好密码子,用PCR方法获得PBD-1基因,克隆到分泌型表达载体pPIC9K信号序列α因子之后,构建重组表达质粒pPIC9K-PBD-1,用SalⅠ将其线性化后转化毕赤酵母SMD1168,采用PCR法筛选Mut 表型,在AOX1启动子调控下,分子量约4.5kD的PBD-1抗菌肽得到表达。抗菌特性研究表明,该表达产物对金黄色葡萄球菌有较好的抑菌活性。首次在毕赤酵母表达系统中实现了PBD-1的分泌表达。     

扣囊复膜孢酵母β-葡萄糖苷酶基因在毕赤酵母中的克隆与表达

利用PCR技术,从扣囊复膜孢酵母的总DNA中扩增得到β-葡萄糖苷酶（β-Glucosidase）基因（BGL1）,长度为2596 bp,连接到pGEM-T载体上,用限制性内切酶切下目的基因,插入到巴斯德毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9K中,使之位于α-因子信号肽下游,且与之同框,构建成重组质粒pSHL9K.通过电转化将重组质粒pSHL9K插入到Pichia pastoris GS115菌株染色体中,获得高效表达BGL1基因的毕赤酵母重组工程菌株.重组酶的最适温度为50℃,最适pH为5.4.培养基中β-葡萄糖苷酶活性最高可达47U/mL.