小型简易厌氧手套箱的研制与考核

近年关于厌氧菌培养技术和方法获得惊人的发展,从六十年代亨格特转管法到八十年代的Ｇａｓ－Ｐａｋ厌氧罐和厌氧手套箱的开发研制,使厌氧菌的培养技术日趋完善［１］,我国八十年代曾由陈聪敏教授等人［２］开发厌氧手套箱和义乌生产的抽气换气厌氧培养装置,但终因造价...     

百宝牌Bbo3-A型2．4升厌氧培养罐简介

厌氧菌与人类及动物的生命密切相关 ,随着医学及生物技术的发展 ,人们对厌氧菌的研究愈来愈深入广泛。由于厌氧菌的厌氧特性 ,其培养必须在严格的无氧条件下进行 ,用厌氧罐培养法进行厌氧菌的培养 ,简便、实用 ,是医院、工厂、教育及科研领域培养 ,检验、研究厌氧菌的重要手段。百宝牌Bbo3 A厌氧罐示意图百宝牌Bbo3 A型 2 4升厌氧培养罐是由北京东方百信生物技术有限公司在国内外产品基础之上 ,克服以往产品操作复杂、使用不便等缺点创新研制而成的最新产品 (专利申请号 :0 32 6 14 5 0 0 )。其原理是 :在密封的罐体内 ,用一定量的硼氢…     

百宝牌Bb03-A型2.4升厌氧菌培养罐

厌氧菌与人类及动物的生命密切相关 ,随着医学及生物技术的发展 ,人类对厌氧菌的研究愈来愈深入、广泛。由于厌氧菌的厌氧特性 ,其培养必须在无氧条件下进行 ,用厌氧罐培养法进行厌氧菌的培养 ,简便、实用 ,是医院、工厂、教育及科研领域培养、检验、研究厌氧菌的重要手段。　　百宝牌Bb0 3-A型 2 .4升厌氧菌培养罐是本公司在国内外产品基础之上 ,克服以往产品操作复杂、使用不便等缺点创新研制而成的最新产品 (专利申请号 :0 32 6 14 5 0 .0 )。其原理是 :在密封的罐体内 ,用一定量的KBH4 与H2 O反应生成H2 ,H2 与罐内的O2 反应生成H2…     

简易厌氧培养皿及厌氧罐检测厌氧菌的对比观察

在厌氧菌检验中,培养器材的选择是厌氧菌分离培养成败的关键之一。本室采用简易厌氧培养皿和厌氧罐两种不同器材进行对比试验,报告如下。１材料与方法１１器材简易厌氧培养皿为两个磨砂面边缘的玻璃平皿,高２ｃｍ,直径８５ｃｍ;厌氧罐选用高１７ｃｍ、直径１４ｃ...     

正常孕妇临产前阴道菌群特点

重庆地区临产前孕妇78名,年龄21～32岁,各方面情况正常。扩阴器扩开阴道后,用灭菌注射器吸取0.2ml排泄物,排尽空气,针头插进无菌橡皮塞内,即送往实验室。标本用含硫乙醇酸钠的厌氧菌稀释液稀释后定量接种需氧和厌氧血平板,厌氧血平板置厌氧罐内37℃培养48～72小时。厌氧菌根据对氧的耐受性、形态学特点及生化特征进行鉴定,生化反应采用华西医科大学口腔研究所的快速     

厌氧菌预还原琼脂平板培养方法

为简化厌氧菌分离培养方法,使其在普通实验条件下于固体培养基上形成单菌落,本研究增加庖肉培养基无氧溶液体积,用作无氧倍比稀释液,在琼脂柱下进行倍比稀释,将皿盖带有胶塞孔的厌氧琼脂平板进行预还原,注射接种倍比稀释菌液,通过厌氧指示剂监测无氧效果,初步试用于肠道厌氧菌分离培养。结果显示,该方法整个操作过程厌氧效果良好,无需专门厌氧设备即可以分离纯化培养肠道乳酸杆菌,甚至无芽胞专性厌氧菌,如双歧杆菌和韦荣球菌。     

一次性厌氧菌培养平板的制备与实验使用

我们设计并制作的一次性厌氯菌培养平板,经初步实验使用结果表明它对临床常见厌氧菌培养效果良好、较常用培养方法具有不用现配培养基,不用接种棒涂菌,可在有氧环境下进行操作等优点,故这是一种极其简单、有效的厌氧菌培养装置。     

信息报道

为了开展微生态学研究和厌氧培养技术,大连医疗器械厂生产,中华预防医学会微生态学会监制的通用型厌氧培养罐系列,性能可靠,经过各种厌氧标准菌种及监床标本试验证明,该罐轻便,灵敏度高,配套齐全,适用于科研教学和医疗、预防单位的大中小实验室或化验室及现场。不需配备外源性气体,机动、灵活。因此,这是一个具有许多优越性的新设备,它将为我国广大城乡开展微生态学研究及厌氧菌的培养提供方便。欲购者请与大连市医疗器械厂供销科联系。电话 491242 电挂 6820 邮编 116023     

一次性菌群分析培养瓶的应用

用一次性菌群分析培养瓶对５０ 例小鼠及３５ 人粪便标本菌群分析结果比较可知,我们开发的一次性菌群分析培养基与光岗介绍的经典的菌群分析培养基效果相当,两种方法重复性都好,结果也比较稳定准确,只是经典方法必须把平板培养置厌氧环境３５ ℃培养３６ｈ４８ｈ 观察结果,而一次性菌群分析培养瓶只需放通温箱培养,不仅效果较好而且比传统的经典方法更简易型,易于推广使用。     

金定鸭盲肠内厌氧菌群的初步研究

本文应用不同的培养基和培养方法对金定鸭盲肠内厌氧菌进行了分离和初步鉴定,结果说明:采用不同厌氧方法对厌氧菌的分离计数具有一定的影响;金定鸭盲肠内厌氧菌群主要有革兰氏阳性无芽孢杆菌、革兰氏阴性无芽孢杆菌、厌氧球菌和梭菌,其中有一株厌氧菌对氧的存在极为敏感。本文中强调了严格遵守厌氧培养和操作条件的重要性。     

Denitrification under various aeration conditions in Comamonas sp., strain SGLY2

Abstract A number of bacteria were isolated from different anoxic reactors. Those having denitrifying potential were tested for their ability to denitrify under aerobic conditions. The activity of their denitrifying enzymes varied from partial inactivation by oxygen (strains NO2B9 and TCET1) to oxygen-independent activity in a strain named SGLY2 which was tentatively identified as Comamonas sp. The effect of different aeration conditions on growth and on denitrification of SGLY2 was studied more extensively. This strain was able to consume oxygen and nitrate simultaneously with the production of nitrogen and without build-up of nitrite. The dissimilatory nitrate-reductase of nitrate-adapted cells was found to be more active in the presence of oxygen than in micro-aerobic or strictly anaerobic conditions.     

Involvement of GABA in palate morphogenesis and its relation to diazepam teratogenesis in two mouse strains

Previous studies have indicated that serotonin and acetylcholine stimulate palate shelf reorientation. The present studies were undertaken to determine whether gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the palate and whether diazepam mimics GABA to inhibit shelf reorientation and cause cleft palate. First, it was shown that 10(-4) M GABA inhibits palate shelf reorientation in day 14.5 AJ embryos cultured for 2 hours. Anterior palate reorientation stimulated by 10(-5) M serotonin was decreased by GABA; 10(-5) M picrotoxin (GABA antagonist) stimulated anterior shelf reorientation and reversed the effect of GABA. Diazepam (10(-4) M) partially inhibited palate shelf reorientation and that stimulated by 10(-5) M serotonin. Diazepam (400 mg/kg) was administered to AJ mice at day 13.5 of gestation and embryos were cultured at day 14.5. The inhibition produced by diazepam was significantly reduced by 10(-5) M picrotoxin. The teratogenic effect of diazepam was compared with AJ and Swiss-Webster Vancouver (SWV) inbred strains. Diazepam produced greater clefting in SWV mice (57% net) than in the AJ (18% net) when compared to their water- and food-starved controls. The greater sensitivity of the SWV strain than the AJ strain to diazepam, as well as to GABA, was also observed in embryo culture. GABA (10(-5) M) markedly inhibited posterior palate reorientation and reversed the stimulation produced by bethanechol in SWV mice. The inhibitory effects of GABA on the posterior palate were partially reversed by picrotoxin. Furthermore, diazepam inhibited palate reorientation either when administered to the pregnant dam or added in embryo culture.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

APPLICATION OF A DOUBLE TUBE SYSTEM FOR ENUMERATION OF CLOSTRIDIUM TYROBUTYRICUM

Clostridium tyrobutyricum, a spore-forming, gram-positive, anaerobic bacterium, is considered to be the main organisms responsible for the late spoilage of cheese by gas formation. Most methods for detecting C. tyrobutyricum are based on spore germination and vegetative growth and take 4–7 days plus an identification step for confirmation. The purpose of this study was to develop a faster detection method using a Double Tube System. Because no selective medium is available for detection of C. tyrobutyricum, three media (Reinforced Clostridial, AC, and Tomato Juice) were compared using two strains of C. tyrobutyricum and one strain of C. sporogenes. Each 4 day-old test strain was inoculated on duplicated plates of each agar that were then placed in anaerobic jars or in the double-tube systems for 2–4 days at 30 or 37C. All three agars consistently supported growth of the test strains. Counts did not differ with incubation at 30 or 37C and were comparable using the conventional anaerobic jar or a Double Tube System. However, in the Double Tube System, colonies could be counted accurately at least 6 h earlier than on the plates in anaerobic jars.     

牙髓拟杆菌的分离,培养,鉴定

牙髓拟杆菌是产黑色素拟杆菌群中的一个新菌种。本试验通过对牙髓腔感染标本中分离、培养、鉴定各种细菌,发现牙髓拟杆菌主要分布在牙髓腔内,其存在与根尖周炎有无症状密切相关,此菌对氧敏感,用常规鉴定及气相色谱法与其它菌无法区别,而间接免疫荧光法是确定牙髓拟杆菌菌种和直接检测牙髓腔标本中有无此菌的一个快速、可靠的方法。     

Prevalence of nim genes in anaerobic/facultative anaerobic bacteria isolated in South Africa

This study investigated the prevalence of nim genes (proposed to encode a 5-nitroimidazole resistance product) in 64 anaerobic/facultative anaerobic bacteria. Employing universal nim gene primers, 458-bp amplified fragments were recorded as presumptive positives in 22/64 strains at an annealing temperature of 52 degrees C and 15/64 strains at 62 degrees C, of which seven were propionibacteria. DNA sequencing confirmed the presence of nimA genes in Propionibacterium spp. (five strains), Actinomyces odontolyticus (one strain), Prevotella bivia (one strain) and Clostridium bifermentans (one strain) and nimB genes from five strains of Bacteroides fragilis. nimA genes were predominant in propionibacteria indicating a potential nimA gene source in anaerobic environments.     

Studies on Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis and D evelopment of Male Gametnphyte of Clivia nobilis Cultured in Vitro

A simple method for culture male gametophyte (MG) of Clivia nobilis in vitro was established and the process of their development was observed. After research on dynamic of nucleic acid and protein synthesis of MG in various developmental stages by using of inhibitors and autoradiography authors found that DNA synthesis fro mrelease of tetrad to sperm only takes place in nucleus of interphase. There is no 3H-tymidine incorporation into vegetative nucleus (Vn), generative nucleus (Gn) or nucleus of sperm in 96 hours before dehiscence of anthers (BDA). The dynamic of protein synthesis is similar to the same of RNA’s. Both of them have three peaks and two intermissions. The 1st peak is in 12–9 days BDA. The 2nd is in 7–5 days BDA and intermitted from 48 hours BDA. The 3rd begins from the 1st hour after culture (AC) decleases at 6th hour AC and stops before 20th hour AC. The kind of inhibitor, the time and quanlity of treatment are affected the morphogenesis, showing the relationship to synthesis among DNA, RNA and protein and to the same between biomacromolecular and morphological development of MG.     

UNDAMPED OSCILLATIONS OF PYRIDINE NUCLEOTIDE AND OXYGEN TENSION IN CHEMOSTAT CULTURES OF KLEBSIELLA AEROGENES

Klebsiella aerogenes was grown in chemostat culture with the pH controlled to ±0.01 and temperature to ±0.1°C. The oxygen tension of the culture was regulated by changing the partial pressure of oxygen in the gas phase and recorded by means of an oxygen electrode. Reduced pyridine nucleotide was monitored continuously in the culture by means of direct fluorimetry. On applying an anaerobic shock to the culture, damped oscillations in pyridine nucleotide fluorescence were obtained. Further anaerobic shocks decreased the damping and eventually gave rise to undamped oscillations of a 2–3 min period which continued for several days. These oscillations were paralleled by oscillations of the same frequency in respiration rate. The amplitude of the oscillations in the respiration rate was equivalent to only 1% of the total steady-state respiration, whereas that of pyridine nucleotide oscillations was equivalent to 10% of the total aerobic/anaerobic fluorescence response. The oscillations ceased on interrupting the glucose feed but restarted on adding excess glucose to the culture. Addition of succinate also restarted the oscillations so that they appear not to be of glycolytic origin. The frequency of oscillations varied with growth rate and conditions. Oscillations of much lower frequency were obtained under limited-oxygen and anaerobic conditions than under fully aerobic conditions. Under glucose-limited conditions, fluctuations were found in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content which were in phase with the pyridine nucleotide oscillations, but under nitrogen-limited growth conditions no such fluctuations in ATP were observed. The primary oscillating pathway could not be identified but the mechanism would appear to be quite different from that involved in oscillations observed in yeast cells. The synchronization of oscillations and observations of negative damping could be explained by a syntalysis effect.     

Two Anaerobic Ciliates (Ciliophora,Armophorea) from China: Morphology and SSU rDNA Sequence,with Report of a New Species,Metopus paravestitus nov. spec

The morphology and phylogeny of two metopid ciliates, collected from anaerobic habitats in China, were investigated using live observation, protargol staining method, and SSU rDNA sequencing. The new species Metopus paravestitus nov. spec. can be distinguished by a combination of the following features: oblong cell with densely arranged ectobiotic prokaryotes perpendicular to cell surface, filiform intracytoplasmic structures packed in the anterior portion of the cell. Our work also demonstrates the wide geographical distribution of Metopus es (Müller, 1776) Lauterborn, 1916. The order Metopida is consistently depicted as a paraphylum in SSU rDNA phylogeny. Metopus paravestitus nov. spec. is closely related to its marine congeners than to freshwater forms. The present study confirms once again the non-monophyly of the genus Metopus and genus Metopidae.     

Culture conditions affect cytotoxin production by Serratia marcescens

Abstract Cytotoxins have been implicated in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections. In this study, the influence of different culture conditions was evaluated on cytotoxin production by Serratia marcescens . Parameters such as culture media, incubation temperature, starting pH of culture medium, aeration, anaerobiosis, carbon sources, iron concentration in the culture media, and release of cell-bound toxin by polymyxin B were investigated. The data suggest that this cytotoxin is predominantly extracellular and is not induced by iron limitation. Aerobic culture with shaking resulted in higher cytotoxicity than static aerobic or anaerobic culture. Bacteria grown in glucose, sucrose or galactose were more cytotoxic than those grown in inositol or maltose. The culture conditions that were identified as optimal for cytotoxin production by Serratia marcescens were incubation temperature ranging from 30 to 37°C, in medium adjusted to pH 8.5, with shaking. This work will contribute to further studies on the identification of this cytotoxic activity.     

维生素在丙酮酸过量合成中的重要作用

研究了烟酸、硫胺素、吡哆醇、生物素和核黄素对一株光滑球拟酵母(\%Torulopsis glabrata\%) WSH\|IP303以葡萄糖为碳源、以氯化铵为唯一氮源生产丙酮酸的影响。利用正交试验方法,确证了硫胺素是影响WSH\|IP303生产丙酮酸的最重要因素。在硫胺素浓度一定(0.01～0.015mg/L)的前提下,提高烟酸浓度有助于加快耗糖速度。当烟酸、硫胺素、吡哆醇、生物素和核黄素的浓度分别为8、0.015、0.4、0.04和01mg/L时,摇瓶发酵48h,丙酮酸产量和产率可分别达到52.4g/L和0525g/g。采用优化的维生素组合方式,进行2.5L罐分批发酵,在初糖浓度120g/L的条件下发酵57.5h,丙酮酸产量和产率分别达到69.4g/L和0593g/g,分别比摇瓶培养的最好结果提高了32.%和13%。