PCR技术对人IL-3 cDNA进行定点突变的研究

本文利用PCR技术对人IL-3cDNA体外进行定点突变,将人IL-3cDNA第3位Met,第116位Lys密码子突变为Val密码子GTT。PCR扩增片段核苷酸序列与引物设计相应的cDNA突变体序列完全一致。结果证实此方法比经典寡聚核苷酸方法简单、迅速、成本低、效率高,也为基因的修饰,蛋白质工程研究提供了简便、稳定的方法。     

高原世居藏族α、β珠蛋白编码基因的克隆与测序

目的:通过对高原世居藏族α、β珠蛋白编码基因的分析,探讨藏族Hb高氧亲合力的分子机制.方法:高原现场采集健康成年男性藏族人骨髓样品,提取总RNA,通过逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)获得人α和β珠蛋白的cDNA,与PGEM-T Easy质粒连接后,将α和β珠蛋白的cDNA转化JM109大肠杆菌中扩增培养,经酶切鉴定后测序,结果与NCBI数据库进行同源性比较.结果:藏族人α珠蛋白的cDNA与NCBI数据库登录的人cDNA序列相同,没有突变位点.一例藏族人β珠蛋白143位密码子发生了氧亲和力增高的碱基突变(CAC-＞CGC),其对应的氨基酸由His变为Arg(即Hb Abruzzo).结论:藏族人高氧亲和力变种的发现,为今后高原低氧适应相关基因的研究提供了线索.     

人粒细胞集落刺激因子cDNA的克隆、序列鉴定及初步表达

利用多聚酶链反应技术,从人膀胱癌细胞系5637细胞中快速扩增并克隆了人粒细胞集落刺激因子cDNA,序列分析证明,该cDNA包含人粒细胞集落刺激因子的全部编码基因,全长612bp,编码30个氨基酸的信号肽和174个氨基酸的成熟蛋白。其中第43位codon出现一个碱基的突变(CAC→TAC)导至第43位氨基酸的改变(组氨酸→酪氨酸)。经逆转录病毒导入SP2/0细胞并初步表达。结果表明:该基因产物具有G-CSF活性。     

人和小鼠resistin基因的克隆与序列测定

构建人和小鼠resistin基因cDNA克隆,并进行序列分析,为进一步进行resistin表达和生物学活性研究奠定基础。用RT－PCR方法扩增人和小鼠resistin基因cDNA,获得的片段边疆至pGEM-T载体,转化大肠杆菌JM109,并经过敏过鉴定和序列测定。结果成功地构建了人和小鼠resistin基因cDNA克隆,人和小鼠resistin的氨基酸序列具有共同的结构特征CX28CX12CX8CXCX3CX10CXCXCX9CC,克隆的人resistin cDNA在编码序列第133位的A被T代替,导致45位密码子编码的丝氨酸由半胱氨酸代替,小鼠resistin cDNA在第16位的T被C取代,导致第6位密码子编码的苯丙氨酸改变为亮氨酸。密码子发生改变的生物学意义还有待于进一步研究。     

3种鲤科鱼β珠蛋白基因的比较研究

根据 β珠蛋白的N末端和C末端氨基酸序列的保守性设计 2 0bp长的简并引物 ,用RT PCR方法扩增并克隆了鲤、草鱼、鲫的 β珠蛋白基因cDNA。结果显示克隆 3种鱼的 β珠蛋白基因cDNA全长为 4 4 1bp。对它们所编码的氨基酸序列的比较可以看出虽然它们都属于鲤科但氨基酸的组成却有较大的差异。根据所克隆的cDNA分别设计特异引物用PCR方法克隆了 3种鱼的基因组DNA全长 ;从起始密码子到终止密码子的长度分别为鲤 6 6 7bp、草鱼6 2 9bp、鲫 6 6 7bp。 3种鱼中均含有 3个外显子和 2个内含子且内含子的插入位置相同。内含子的碱基序列差异很大。鲫与鲤内含子 1和 2的长度完全相同 ,而与草鱼的内含子长度则相差较大。     

重组人载脂蛋白AI米兰突变体在大肠杆菌中的高表达

用RT-PCR法从人肝总RNA库中克隆出人载脂蛋白Al的cDNA序列,再通过重叠PCR将载脂蛋白AI的第179位精氨酸密码子突变成半胱氨酸密码子,即载胎蛋白AI米兰突变体基因。将此目的基因克隆至表达载体pQE30,重组质粒转化JMl09宿主菌,经表达试验筛选出高表达克隆;工程菌经诱导后表达出含6个氨基酸前肽的载脂蛋白AI米兰突变体。表达产物主要以可溶形式存在,但也有部分为包涵体。     

RT-PCR法扩增的人溶菌酶cDNA的克隆及其核苷酸顺序分析

本文以人胎盘全RNA为底物进行逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR),制备出了人溶菌酶的cDNA片段。在限制性内切酶Sma Ⅰ存在的连接体系内,将此cDNA克隆入载体pUC12的Sma Ⅰ位点。用重组质粒双链DNA的末端终止法测定了其全部的核苷酸顺序,证明其全长为444bp,编码了18个氨基酸的信号肽和130个氨基酸的成熟蛋白组成的溶菌酶的前体蛋白,并证明已成功地在此cDNA的3′末端导入了两个终止密码子及一个限制性内切酶Sal Ⅰ的识别位点。由中国人溶菌酶cDNA推导出的氨基酸顺序与有关报道不同,有5个氨基酸的改变。表达蛋白的研究工作正在进行中。     

人组织性纤溶酶原激活物衍生物在大肠杆菌硫氧化还原蛋白融合表达系统中的表达

目的:克隆含tPA中355个氨基酸密码子(1-3和176-527氨基酸)的cDNA序列(tPA355),将其在大肠杆菌融合蛋白表达系统中表达,并在体外复性使其具有激活纤溶酶原的生物活性。方法:采用RT-PCR技术从人黑色素瘤细胞Bowes中克隆出tPA355cDNA,然后在pET32a(+)BL21(DE3)大肠杆菌表达系统中表达,将表达出的融合蛋白Trx-tPA355(Thioredoxin,Trx)包涵体在体外进行变性、复性和纯化以使其具有激活纤溶酶原的生物活性。结果:测序结果表明本研究克隆的编码tPA中355个氨基酸密码子的cDNA序列与美国专利(公开号:5,587,159)中对应的序列完全一致,将其在pET32a(+)/BL21(DE3)大肠杆菌表达系统中表达可获得稳定表达的融合蛋白Trx-tPA355包涵体,该包涵体占菌体总蛋白的30%左右,此融合蛋白经变性、复性后具有激活纤溶酶原的生物活性。结论:含tPA中355个氨基酸密码子(1-3和176-527氨基酸)的cDNA在大肠杆菌Trx融合蛋白表达系统中可获得稳定表达,表达的融合蛋白产物在体外经变性、复性后具有激活纤溶酶原的生物活性。     

ABCA1中间缺失突变体的构建及其抗砷性研究

目的:构建缺失ABCA1,ABCA1蛋白胞外第一环第264-520位氨基酸密码子的基因,并真核表达检测其抗砷性变化.方法:应用重叠区扩增基因拼接法的原理,在拼接延伸后,再进行一次PCR扩增,得到缺失第264-520位氨基酸密码子的ABCA1基因,克隆至pcDNA3.1/V5-His真核表达载体.通过激光共聚焦检测突变体细胞定位,MTT加砷后检测突变体生存率变化.结果:成功构建缺失ABCA1蛋白胞外第一环第264-520位氨基酸密码子的基因.共聚焦显微镜观察突变体定位于细胞膜上,随机区组方差分析结果显示ABCA1突变体生存率明显低于ABCA1野生型.结论:ABCA1胞外第一环缺失突变后基本丧失抗砷功能.     

遗传性先天无虹膜患者的PAX6基因新突变(c.1286delC)

摘要: 为了研究遗传性先天无虹膜(Hereditary congenital aniridia)患者发病的分子遗传学机制, 采用PCR扩增PAX6基因编码区的11个外显子(exon 4-13)及外显子和内含子相连接的区域、PCR产物直接测序的方法对1个遗传性先天无虹膜家系的所有成员进行了遗传突变分析。结果表明, 在家系中两个患者的PAX6基因exon 11均存在c. 1286delC新突变。此单个碱基的缺失造成了移码突变, 导致肽链自309位氨基酸开始产生一段含55个氨基酸的异常肽段, 并产生提前终止密码子(Premature termination codon, PTC), 使PAX6蛋白羧基端的59个氨基酸缺失。另外, 通过PCR-RFLP分析的方法对家系中所有正常成员和50名中国汉族健康对照个体基因组DNA进行分析均未检测到该突变。     

Cloning of human lysozyme gene and expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

cDNA clones encoding human lysozyme were isolated from a human histiocytic cell line (U-937) and a human placenta cDNA library. The clones, ranging in size from 0.5 to 0.75 kb, were identified by direct hybridization with synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides. The nucleotide sequence coding for the entire protein was determined. The derived amino acid sequence has 100% homology with the published amino acid (aa) sequence; the leader sequence codes for 18 aa. Expression and secretion of human lysozyme in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was achieved by placing the cloned cDNA under the control of a yeast gene promoter (ADH1) and the alpha-factor peptide leader sequence.     

Sequencing of the primary adhesion domain of bovine von Willebrand factor.

A cDNA library, constructed from bovine heart endothelial cell poly(A)+ RNA, was screened using a BstXI fragment of human von Willebrand and factor (vWF) cDNA as a probe. This probe codes for the major adhesion domain of vWF that includes the GPIb, collagen and heparin binding domains. Of the ten positive clones obtained, a clone that spanned the region of interest was sequenced by the dideoxynucleotide method yielding a sequence of 1550 bp. This region of the bovine cDNA codes for amino acids corresponding to #262 to #777 in human vWF and encompasses the entire pro adhesion domain. Both the nucleotide sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence are 82% homologous to those of human vWF. Cysteine residues #471, 474, 509 and 695, which form intrachain bonds in human vWF, are also present in the bovine vWF sequence.     

Sequence homology between human alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, and antithrombin III

alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin mRNA was isolated by specific polysome immunoprecipitation from turpentine-treated baboon liver. The highly enriched mRNA was used for synthesis and cloning of the corresponding cDNA. Baboon alpha 1-antichymotrypsin cDNA clones were identified by hybrid-selected translation, and the insert DNA fragment from one of the putative clones was used as a probe to screen a human liver cDNA library comprised of 40 000 independent transformants. One of the human cDNA clones was unambiguously identified to contain alpha 1-antichymotrypsin DNA sequences by comparison of its 5'-terminal nucleotide sequence with the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein. This cDNA clone, designated phACT235, contains 1524 base pairs of human DNA, which was sequenced in its entirety. The inserted DNA codes for a 25 amino acid signal peptide sequence and the entire mature alpha 1-antichymotrypsin of 408 amino acid residues. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin with that of the human alpha 1-antitrypsin has revealed a homology level similar to that between chymotrypsin and trypsin.     

Nucleotide sequence of cDNA coding the mitochondrial precursor protein of the ATPase inhibitor from humans

Mitochondrial ATP synthase (F1Fo-ATPase) is regulated by an intrinsic ATPase inhibitor protein. In the present study, cDNA coding the human homolog of the inhibitor protein was isolated and sequenced. The deduced protein sequence shows that the protein was composed of 106 amino acids and had a molecular weight of 12248. The structural features of the protein show that the cDNA isolated in this study codes the human ATPase inhibitor.     

Ether lipid biosynthesis: isolation and molecular characterization of human dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase

In this paper we describe isolation and molecular characterization of human dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase (DAP-AT). The enzyme was extracted from rabbit Harderian gland peroxisomes and isolated as a trimeric complex by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. From peptide sequences matching EST-clones were obtained which allowed cloning and sequencing of the cDNA from a human cDNA library. The nucleotide-derived amino acid sequence revealed a protein consisting of 680 amino acid residues of molecular mass 77 187 containing a C-terminal type 1 peroxisomal targeting signal. Monospecific antibodies raised against this polypeptide efficiently immunoprecipitated DAP-AT activity from solubilized peroxisomal preparations, thus demonstrating that the cloned cDNA codes for DAP-AT.     

An Intracellular Fragment of Osteoactivin Formed by Ectodomain Shedding Translocated to the Nucleoplasm and Bound to RNA Binding Proteins

Mitochondrial ATP synthase (F₁Fo-ATPase) is regulated by an intrinsic ATPase inhibitor protein. In the present study, cDNA coding the human homolog of the inhibitor protein was isolated and sequenced. The deduced protein sequence shows that the protein was composed of 106 amino acids and had a molecular weight of 12248. The structural features of the protein show that the cDNA isolated in this study codes the human ATPase inhibitor.     

▽5-人粒系集落刺激因子(▽5-hG-CSF)的cDNA克隆、序列测定与表达

从LPS刺激的正常中国人外周血单核细胞中提取mRNA,经反转录(RT)-PCR扩增出不含信号肽和成熟型N端5氨基酸(V5-hG-CSF)的cDNA片段,酶切后组入大肠杆菌表达载体pJLA602中。序列测定表明,克隆片段与国外报道的高活性hG-CSF cDNA序列一致。重组子经诱导表达、小鼠骨髓细胞体外CFU-G测试表明,表达产物具明显的粒细胞集落刺激活性。