共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Experimental data on the characteristics of psychophysiological development and adaptation of adolescents are presented. The
effect of specialized curricula on the characteristics of psychophysiological development and adaptation of high school students
to education in a gymnasium is discussed. 相似文献
2.
A study of the psychophysiological reactivity of boys aged 13–14 years during mental performance at optimal and maximum rates showed that informational loading caused marked functional strain. The physiological cost of working at a comfortable rate was lower than at the maximum rate. Excessive psychophysiological reactivity was observed at the initial stages of puberty during intense mental loading. Such reactivity was responsible for a high physiological cost of adaptation and low functional capabilities of adolescents at puberty stages (PSs) II and III. Moreover, personality traits that contribute to mental strain were expressed to a greater extent in these adolescents. Comparisons indicated a tendency towards higher emotional stability and lower anxiety and frustration for the transition from PS II to PS IV. Excessive psychophysiological reactivity during intense mental work and a high psychophysiological cost of activity in adolescents at PSs II and III may decrease working efficiency, worsen the efficiency of learning, and cause adverse deviations in the state of health. This circumstance should be taken into account during elaboration of effective prophylactic measures aimed at optimizing the functional state of schoolchildren in puberty. 相似文献
3.
O. L. Tarasova E. M. Kazin A. I. Fedorov L. N. Igisheva O. N. Chetverik 《Human physiology》2017,43(1):37-46
The results of investigations carried out in school students aged 11–16 years (n = 930) have allowed us to determine some gender- and age-specific features in the neurodynamic and autonomic indicators of adolescents and identify the factors determining the formation of their psychophysiological state. The analysis of associations between the characteristics recorded in adolescents and a specific type of autonomic regulation has led to the conclusion about the predictive significance shown by the assessment of their functional constitution as an individual’s adaptation and resource characteristics. 相似文献
4.
A. I. Fedorov E. M. Kazin V. G. Selyatitskaya O. V. Ovchinnikova 《Human physiology》2002,28(6):693-697
The autonomic-hormonal and psychophysiological status of 94 13- to 17-year-old urban and rural schoolchildren was studied. It was shown that, during sexual development, differing socioecological conditions determine the formation of specific endocrine and psychoautonomic regulatory mechanisms in adolescents. 相似文献
5.
I. A. Krivolapchuk 《Human physiology》2008,34(4):413-420
The psychophysiological cost of activity was determined in 5- to 14-year-old children and adolescents (n = 612) by correlating the performance of intense information load with the value of autonomic shifts in the course of the test. It was shown that the psychophysiological cost of information load in the state of functional comfort (self-determined speed) decreased 2.2- to 5.4-fold in the period from 5–6 to 13–14 years of age and the psychophysiological cost of intense intellectual activity with the maximum speed under the conditions of a time deficit (the maximum speed) decreased 1.2- to 4-fold. The greatest changes in the psychophysiological cost of intense intellectual activity were observed at the beginning of regular schooling and during puberty. The data indicate the need for a continuous search for new, efficient, and more physiologically adequate ways of control of the process of training and education taking into consideration the psychophysiological cost of intense academic activity in different periods of ontogeny and ensuring a beneficial effect of educational technologies on the health and development of schoolchildren. 相似文献
6.
The structure of intelligence in senior adolescents has been studied. The analysis of intelligence in adolescents of both
sexes has shown that there are no distinct differences in the structure of intellectual development between boys and girls
aged 15–16 years. Significantly better results have been obtained only for the memory development of girls. This suggests
that the pattern of cognitive development does not depend on the sex at the last stages of puberty. Significant variation
of individual intellectual characteristics confirms a high variability of the psychophysiological structure of intelligence
in adolescents at this ontogenetic stage. 相似文献
7.
Studying individual circadian psychophysiological rhythms in children and adolescents, the authors showed that different rhythmological indices, such as fluctuation amplitude, mean level, and rhythm phase, change with age in different manners. Changes in one or more of these indices reflect a complex stagewise process of the formation of functions in human ontogeny. Additionally, a mismatch between individual and social (school load) rhythms may result in desynchronosis. 相似文献
8.
Jones-Alexander J Blanchard EB Hickling EJ 《Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback》2005,30(2):115-123
Twenty-one children and adolescents (age range 8–17, mean 12.7 years) who had been in motor vehicle accidents (MVAs), and 14 non-MVA controls matched for age and gender, underwent a psychophysiological assessment in which heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and skin conductance were measured during baseline and two stressor phases: mental arithmetic and listening to and imagining a MVA like their own. The eight youth who currently met criteria for PTSD or sub-syndromal PTSD significantly reported more subjective distress to the MVA audiotape than the 13 MVA non-PTSD youth or the 14 non-MVA controls. All groups responded physiologically to the mental arithmetic. However, in contrast to expectations, there were no differential physiological responses among the groups to the stimuli reminiscent of the trauma. Possible explanations are explored. 相似文献
9.
Mediterranean migrants with acute psychiatric problems show a predominance of dramatic somatization in their symptom patterns, when compared with Belgian patients with similar psychiatric problems and admitted after identical recruiting and referral procedures. D.S.M. III diagnoses of the Mediterranean patients, however, reveal neither a correspondingly high incidence of somatoform disorders nor histrionic personalities. Adult and adolescent Mediterranean migrants appear to convey psychological problems through contrasting forms of somatization. Adolescents somatize mainly through self-inflicted symptoms, whereas adults express somatization in a more natural way — insubjective bodily sensations, psychophysiological symptoms or psychosomatic syndromes. The main reason for acute psychiatric admission among Belgian adolescents is outward aggressive behaviour. In Mediterranean adolescents in Belgium it is a combination of somatization and aggression in self-inflicted physical symptoms. 相似文献
10.
A. V. Shevyakov 《Human physiology》2005,31(5):615-620
Methods of psychological, physiological, and psychophysiological testing were used to assess the intensity of the activity of operators of the power unit control panel of the Khmel'nitskaya nuclear power station. The operators during whose duty serious control errors and preaccident situations were noted were examined. The psychological and psychophysiological characteristics of these operators were shown to differ in that their reactive anxiety was increased and their well-being, activity, and mood scores, as well as the functional reserves of the cardiovascular system and mental and physical working capacity, were decreased. These parameters were considered as criteria in the development of operating measures. It was proposed that not only technological factors but also operators' psychophysiological characteristics in the dynamics of their manifestation be taken into account for elaborating measures of optimal staff selection and placement. 相似文献
11.
V. V. Kolpakov T. V. Bespalova N. Yu. Lar’kina K. A. Lebedeva E. A. Tomilova T. F. Belova 《Human physiology》2009,35(5):600-611
Results of longitudinal studies were used to estimate the psychophysiological characteristics of preschool and young school
children and young adults of both sexes belonging to functional types (FTs) with low, medium, and high habitual physical activity
(HPA) levels (FT-1, LHPA; FT-2, MHPA, and FT-3, HHPA, respectively). Statistical analysis of the distributions of averaged
psychophysiological parameters in the total sample with the use of the χ2 and λ tests showed wide quantitative and qualitative ranges of psychophysiological individuality in a healthy population
and demonstrated that it is reasonable to distinguish three typological groups (FT-1, FT-2, and FT-3). Typical first- and
second-order parameters, as well as the results of third-order tests characterizing the current state, were determined for
each FT. Determination of the psychophysiological characteristics of FT-1, FT-2, and FT-3 and their prevailing behavioral
tendencies makes it possible to differentiate between strategies of organism-environment interaction and estimate their advantages
and disadvantages. 相似文献
12.
Results are presented of a 10-year comprehensive study of the changes in somatic, psychophysiological, and autonomic parameters of 132 students of an innovative school (a linguistics-oriented gymnasium) by using computer-aided psychophysiological and functional diagnostics. Certain changes were found in the development of the structural and functional psychosomatic complexes of students at different stages of their ontogenesis. 相似文献
13.
The psychophysiological structure of subtests included in the Methodology of Estimation of the Degree of Visual Perception Development has been determined, and the usability of this methodology for the integrated assessment of the degree of the psychophysiological development of six- to eight-year-old children has been justified. The role of the degree of visual perception development in the psychophysiological state of children has been demonstrated, with special emphasis on the effect of visual perception on the fulfillment of other psychophysiological functions and the formation of learning difficulties. 相似文献
14.
The psychophysiological structure of the verbal and nonverbal intelligence of children differing from one another in academic progress has been studied at the initial (six to seven years of age) and the last (nine to ten years of age) stages of studying at primary school. The age-related characteristics of the development and formation of a system of cognitive functions determining the efficiency of verbal and nonverbal activities in schoolchildren differing in academic progress have been determined. It has been demonstrated that the psychophysiological structure of intelligence in six-to seven-year-old and nine-to ten-year-old schoolchildren may characterize the cognitive strategy of their activity and is a criterion for early prediction of learning difficulties and a basis for developing individually oriented approaches to teaching and effective correction programs. 相似文献
15.
《Journal of Russian & East European Psychology》2013,51(4):28-39
1. The psychological, psychophysiological and neurological literature has long since taken note of that most intimate relationship existing between visual perception of objects and their depictions, and eye movements. 相似文献
16.
R. I. Bogatova V. P. Salnitsky S. M. Gvozdev A. N. Agureev R. I. Beliaev I. V. Kutina A. A. Liventsova N. D. Sadovnikova 《Human physiology》2011,37(7):888-891
During the long-term stay in closed environment of the orbital space station, it is extremely important that the light conditions
and color scheme were favorable for the working capacity of a cosmonaut. The systems of lighting should ensure visual comfort
for the crew members under stressful conditions and, in addition, they should appropriate to their health and recovery of
functional reserves during the long-duration flight. To solve this task, the distribution of luminosity and chromaticity within
a closed space should be taken into account. For better understanding the perception of visual information, we studied the
color space-frequency characteristics of the organ of vision (SFC VO). A set of sensors was used to estimate psychophysiological
parameters. After preadaptation of an operator, VO contrast sensitivity was measured by determining the thresholds of advent
and disappearance of the test objects; this was accompanied by fixation of the time and adaptive brightness. Analysis of the
experimental data made it clear that the color contrast sensitivity and directly related SFC of the organ of vision are valuable
markers for interrelationships between processing of visual information and psychophysiological state of a human. Note that
the color SFC VO not only illustrates deviations but also enables their quantification. Changes in psychophysiological state
are accompanied by the appropriate changes in SFC VO, which should be taken into account in developing the neural information
technologies used for health recovery and light-and-color control of environment. 相似文献
17.
T. M. Gus’kova 《Human physiology》2008,34(6):722-727
The results of an evaluation of the psychophysiological characteristics of young workers exposed to factors of aircraft production indicate functional stress, inefficiency of work, detraining of the cardiovascular system, limited psychophysiological potential, and dissatisfaction with work in the majority of examined young workers. 相似文献
18.
Maurizio Bertollo Laura Bortoli Gianfranco Gramaccioni Yuri Hanin Silvia Comani Claudio Robazza 《Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback》2013,38(2):91-99
The main purposes of the present study were to substantiate the existence of the four types of performance categories (i.e., optimal-automatic, optimal-controlled, suboptimal-controlled, and suboptimal-automatic) as hypothesised in the multi-action plan (MAP) model, and to investigate whether some specific affective, behavioural, psychophysiological, and postural trends may typify each type of performance. A 20-year-old athlete of the Italian shooting team, and a 46-year-old athlete of the Italian dart-throwing team participated in the study. Athletes were asked to identify the core components of the action and then to execute a large number of shots/flights. A 2 × 2 (optimal/suboptimal × automated/controlled) within subjects multivariate analysis of variance was performed to test the differences among the four types of performance. Findings provided preliminary evidence of psychophysiological and postural differences among four performance categories as conceptualized within the MAP model. Monitoring the entire spectrum of psychophysiological and behavioural features related to the different types of performance is important to develop and implement biofeedback and neurofeedback techniques aimed at helping athletes to identify individual zones of optimal functioning and to enhance their performance. 相似文献
19.
The dynamics is considered of absolute changes of differential color sensibility of operators at modelling of different psychophysiological states with the original method of the work at teletraining in combination with the complex of distracting factors. A possibility is suggested of diagnostics of operator's different psychophysiological states by absolute changes of differential color sensibility. 相似文献
20.
Javier J Gonzalez-Rosa Manuel Vazquez-Marrufo Encarnacion Vaquero Pablo Duque Monica Borges Carlos M Gomez-Gonzalez Guillermo Izquierdo 《BMC neurology》2011,11(1):64-19