Studies Towards Synthesis of Dinucleoside Arylphosphonates with Metal Complexing Properties

Abstract

An efficient and stereospecific synthesis of dinucleoside 4′-(2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridyl)phosphonate 2 and 5-(2,2′-bipyridyl)phosphonate 3 via a palladium(0) cross coupling strategy has been developed.     

Chemoselectivity in Oxidative Coupling of Bifunctional Nucleophiles with Dinucleoside H-Phosphonate and Dinucleoside H-Phosphonothioate Diesters

Abstract

Chemoselectivity and stereospecificity of iodine mediated oxidative couplings using separate diastereomers of dinucleoside H-phosphonate and H-phosphonothioate with various N- and O-binucleophiles were investigated.     

人乳汁中microRNA的稳定性研究

为了研究人乳汁中的microRNAs(miRNAs)在体外储存状态下的稳定性。本研究采用模拟体外乳汁储存条件,对乳汁进行室温孵育24h,反复冻融6次,100℃孵育10min,以及模拟体内消化环境(RNA酶A/T137℃孵育1h)的处理条件,通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)方法检测处理前后乳汁中9个内源性免疫相关和1个外源性人工合成miRNA的相对表达量变化差异。研究结果显示:处理前后乳汁中内源性miRNAs和外源性miRNA均显著性降解(p<0.01)。内源性miRNAs降解为初始量的25%～70%之间,而外源性miRNA则急剧降解至初始量的0.06%～0.96%。我们的实验表明人乳汁中内源性的miRNAs较外源性miRNAs在体外不同环境下具有更强的稳定性。     

Studies on Aryl H-Phosphonates. Synthesis of Nucleoside N-Alkylphosphonamidates

Abstract

The aminolysis of aryl nucleoside H-phosphonate diesters with various amines was studied. The new simple and efficient method of synthesis of nucleoside phosphonamidates is described.     

南瓜果肉色素的提取及稳定性的研究

本文研究了从南瓜果肉中提取色素的方法,并对它的光、热、酸、碱稳定性进行了研究,发现其性质较稳定,且原料来源广泛,提取工艺简单,着色效果好,是食品、医药、化妆品等领域的理想添加剂。     

Nucleoside H-Phosphonates. XI. A Convenient Method for the Preparation of Nucleoside H-Phosphonates

Abstract

A simple synthetic method for the preparation of nucleoside 3′-H-phosphonates, consisting of reaction of suitably protected nucleosides with phosphonic acid in the presence of a condensing agent, has been developed.     

Molecular Mechanics Studies of Dinucleoside Methylphosphonates: Influence of Methylphosphonate and its Chirality on the Phosphodiester Conformation

Abstract

Molecular mechanics studies are performed on single stranded as well as base paired forms of dinucleoside methylphosphonates comprising different base sequences for both the Sand R-isomers of methylphosphonate (MP). S-MP produces noticeable distortions in the geometry, locally at the phosphate center, and this enables the stereochemical feasibility of compact g^? g^? phosphodiester. Besides, it tends to perturb the conformations around the P- 03′ and glycosyl bonds, causing minor variations in stacking interactions. In single stranded dinucleosides, the gain in adjacent base stacking interaction energies seems to be sufficient to overcome the barrier to P-03′ bond rotation arising due to S-MP…sugar interaction, and this results in transition to a compact phosphodiester (B_I-type) from an initial extended phosphodiester (B_II-type) conformation. Such a thing seems rather difficult in base pair constrained duplexes. Dinucleosides with R-MP behave analogous to normal phosphate duplexes as the methyl group is away from the sugar. It is found that dinucleoside methylphosphonates are energetically less favoured than the corresponding dinucleoside phosphates mainly due to the depletion of contributions from electrostatic attractive interactions involving the base and sugar with the methylphosphonate consequent to the nonionic nature of the latter. Neither S-MP nor R-MP seem to significantly alter the stereochemistry of duplex structure.     

蚯蚓纤溶酶的纯化及稳定性研究

蚯蚓纤溶酶（ＥＰＡ）抽提液经３０％ ～７０％ 饱和度的（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４ 盐析、ＤＥＡＥ—纤维素柱层析、Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ－７５葡聚糖凝胶过滤等纯化步骤,得到了具有纤溶活性的洗脱峰,置凝胶电泳后,得到四个活性组分,它们经５０℃保温６ｈ,活力上升６４％ ;在２ ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸胍存在时,活力仅保存７．２％ ,当其浓度降低时,活力可恢复至９０％ ;在１％ ＳＤＳ存在时,活力仅保存１２．１％ ,但当ＳＤＳ除去时,活力又可恢复。因此,盐酸胍、ＳＤＳ均为ＥＰＡ 可逆性抑制剂。另外,ＥＰＡ 中含有较高的糖链（占总量的４５％ ）,具有良好的抵抗自水解作用。     

Stability analysis of the elbow with a load

We present a model of the human elbow and study the problem of existence and stability of equilibrium states. Our main goal is to demonstrate that stable equilibrium states exist just on grounds of the mechanical properties of the muscles and the skeleton. In particular, additional control mechanisms such as reflexes are not necessary to obtain stability. We assume that the activation of flexor and extensor muscles is constant and such that the right angle is an equilibrium state. We give a complete bifurcation diagram of all equilibrium states in terms of the elbow angle, the activation of the muscles and the mass of a load. Moreover, we define a dimensionless model parameter which allows to determine whether or not there are stable equilibria at an angle of ninety degrees. It turns out that the dependency of the muscle forces on the length of the muscles is the crucial factor for the stability of such an equilibrium.     

Studies on Reactions of Nucleoside H-Phosphonates with Bifunctional Reagents. Part VI. Reaction with Diols

Abstract

Reactions of nucleoside H-phosphonates with various diols using different types of condensing agents have been studied. Depending on the coupling procedure and the length of a polymethylene chain of the diol, acyclic H-phosphonate diesters or cyclic phosphite triesters were formed. The course of oxidation with iodine to produce cyclic nucleoside alkyl phosphotriesters or hydroxyalkyl nucleoside phosphodiesters can be controlled by the amount of water present in the reaction medium.     

Enhanced activity and stability of ionic liquid-pretreated lipase

The activity and stability of Mucor javanicus lipase pretreated with various ionic liquids (ILs) were investigated. The results show that the activity and stability of lipase pretreated with ILs were higher than those of untreated lipase for the hydrolysis reaction in an aqueous medium. The activities of lipase pretreated with ILs such as [Bmim][PF₆], [Emim][Tf₂N], [Bmim][BF₄] and [Emim][BF₄] were 1.81, 1.66, 1.56 and 1.60 times higher than that of untreated lipase, respectively. Furthermore, activities of lipase in ILs were well maintained even after 7 days of incubation in ILs at 60 °C, while untreated lipase in phosphate buffer was fully inactivated only after 12 h of incubation at the same temperature. These results suggest that pretreatment of lipase with ILs might form IL-coated lipase which causes the structural change of lipase, and thus, enhances the activity and stability of lipase in aqueous solution.     

具有年龄结构的HIV感染模型稳定性分析

研究了一类具有年龄结构的HIV感染模型,得到了未感染平衡点、感染平衡点局部渐近稳定的充分条件.     

EPOXIDE ADDUCTS AT THE GUANINE RESIDUE WITHIN SINGLE-STRANDED DNA CHAINS: REACTIVITY AND STABILITY STUDIES

Emphasis was placed in this work on the assessment of structural and biological features of nucleobase adducts that result from the reaction of DNA with epoxide derivatives. Thus we have prepared and characterized a set of site-specifically modified oligonucleotides at N⁷-position of a guanine residue, upon reaction with diepoxibutane, with the purpose of further investigating some of their biochemical features. The stability of the lesion-containing DNA fragments has also been investigated and clearly shows that the latter modified oligomers may be used as substrates for in vitro enzymatic assays, aimed at determining the biological effects within cell of these chemically induced DNA damage.     

凝血酶冻干制剂冻干工艺选择研究

在对凝血酶精制、制剂配制、稳定剂选择和冻干工艺试验、冻干制剂稳定性等进行了一系列的试验之后,建立了凝血酶冻干制剂的活性单位检测方法,得到了凝血酶冻干制剂(速效局部止血药200 IU/m l和500 IU/m l)的试制结果。在选定的制造工艺条件下,连续生产三批,经甘肃省药品检验所检定结果,无菌试验合格,单位含量合格并相当于标示量的100%~140%,比活高于10 IU/mg,残余水份含量低于3%,制剂质量均达到2005版药典标准的要求。凝血酶冻干制剂的稳定性良好,37℃保存三个月后标示量下降在10%以内。     

The Use of Nucleoside H-Phosphonates in the Synthesis of Deoxyoligonucleotides

Abstract

Nucleoside H-phosphonates are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of deoxyoligonucleotides. The DBU salt form is more stable in solution and is consequently an improvement in routine synthesis of DNA.     

穿琥宁注射液与8种药物配伍的稳定性观察

目的：探讨穿琥宁注射溶与临床常用的8种药物配伍的稳定性,为临床合理用药提供科学依据。方法：按临床常用浓度配制配伍液,将8种药物用5％葡萄糖注射液或生理盐水溶解或稀释,将配伍后药液在室温下放置,观察配伍液的外观变化,分别在0h、1h、2h、3h和4h测定配伍液的微粒、pH值及紫外吸收度的变化。结果：穿琥宁与阿米卡星、奈替来星及氧氟沙星配伍后有沉淀生成,与维生素B6针、辅酶A、地塞来松磷酸钠针、头孢唑啉钠、甲硝唑针配伍后外观颜色澄清无变化,无气泡生成。4h内微粒符合药典规定。结论：穿琥宁与阿米卡星、奈替米星及氧氟沙星配伍后有沉淀生成,不宜配伍,与维生素B6钟、辅酶A、地塞米松磷酸钠针、头孢唑啉钠、甲硝唑针可配伍使用。     

Thermal Synthesis of Nucleoside H-Phosphonates Under Mild Conditions

Nucleosides react rapidly with ammonium phosphite ((NH₄)₂HPO₃) at 60 °C to produce good yields of nucleoside-5-phosphite monoesters within 24 h. Under the same conditions, ammonium phosphate is unreactive, producing low yields of nucleotide only after extended reactions. These results confirm earlier suggestions that nucleoside H-phosphonates and their possible condensation products may have been produced on the primitive earth more easily than nucleotides.     

Stability studies of hydrazide and hydroxylamine-based glycoconjugates in aqueous solution

Glycoconjugates can be readily formed by the condensation of a free-reducing terminus and a strong α-effect nucleophile, such as a hydrazide or a hydroxylamine. Further characterization of a series of glycoconjugates formed from xylose, glucose and N-acetylglucosamine, and either p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide or an N-methylhydroxylamine, was carried out to gain insight into the optimal conditions for the formation of these useful conjugates, and their stability. Their apparent association constants (9-74 M⁻¹) at pH 4.5; as well, as rate constants for hydrolysis, at pH 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 (37 °C), were determined. The half-lives of the conjugates varied between 3 h and 300 days. All the compounds were increasingly stable as the pH approached neutrality. Conjugate hydrolysis rates mirrored those found for O-glycoside hydrolysis where conjugates formed from electron-rich monosaccharides hydrolyzed more rapidly.     

青葙红色素提取及稳定性研究

本文对青葙红色素的提取条件及稳定性进行了研究.结果表明:提取最佳条件以pH=3体积分数70%的乙醇为提取剂,物料比1 g:20mL,在35℃下浸提4 h,青葙花红色素对光、热稳定性较差,抗氧化性较好,在酸性介质中稳定.     

Studies on Reactions of Nucleoside H-Phosphonates with Bifunctional Reagents. Part III. Further Studies on Transesterification of Nucleoside H-Phosphonate Diesters with Amino Alcohols

Abstract

Reactions of 5′-O-(4,4′-dimethoxytrityl)thymidin-3′-yl 2-cyanoethyl phosphonate with alcohols, amines and amino alcohols in pyridine are described Transesterification was found to be faster than β-elimination of 2-cyanoethyl group