白腐菌产锰过氧化物酶条件的研究

白腐菌Phanerochaeta chrysosporium MIG. 383降解桉木时具有显著的选择性,30天内降解37．23％Klason木素,7.29％综纤维素。该菌株产胞外锰过氧化物酶,并在高碳低氧培养基中显示较高酶活。静置液体培养的优化培养条件是(L^-1)：10g葡萄糖,2mmol酒石酸铵,10mmol pH4.5醋酸钠缓冲液,1g吐温80,2gK₂PO₄,0.5g MgSO₄·7H₂O,0.1g CaCl₂·2H₂O,lmg VB₁,70ml微量元素混合液：最适产酶温度是37℃。上述条件下,该菌接种后静置培养4天,产锰过氧化物酶活达1840U／L,酶作用最适温度是37℃,最适DH是3.5。     

里氏木霉纤维素酶产生条件的研究

通过对培养基、水份含量、氮源、培养时间、培养基的起始PH以及培养温度的研究,测定TrichodermareeseiGAB纤维素酶的C₁酶和Cx酶的酶活,找到了一个最佳的条件,即：稻草粉：花生壳=4：1,物料：水份=2：3,以NH₄Cl、（NH₄）₂SO₄、NH₄H₂PO₄为氮源,起始pH为自然pH（约5．8）,在28℃     

产脂肪酶菌株筛选及柠檬酸杆菌产酶条件优化

脂肪酶可以催化甘油三酯水解成脂肪酸和甘油,已广泛应用在工业领域,而获得产酶微生物是研究的基础。采用油脂平板法筛选出1株脂肪酶产生菌。经16S rRNA序列分析可知,该菌株属于柠檬酸杆菌(Citrobacter werkman and Gillen)。单因素试验对其进行产酶条件优化,优化后产酶条件（g/L）：淀粉2.0,KH₂PO₄ 1.0,K₂HPO₄·3H₂O 2.2,(NH₄)₂SO₄ 1.0,MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.1,牛肉膏2.0,橄榄油10.0 mL,pH 7.5,接种量1.5%(v/v),37 ℃培养43 h。获得最大酶活为384 U/mL,是优化前的13倍。可以利用该菌制备脂肪酶。     

假丝酵母99-125脂肪酶的发酵工艺研究

对假丝酵母99-125脂肪酶的发酵工艺条件进行了一系列研究。选择了合适的培养基成分并进行优化 ,获得了最优的摇瓶培养基配方 (% ,W/V) :豆油 4.0 ,全脂豆粉 4.0 ,K₂HPO₄0.1,KH₂PO₄ 0.1。产酶水平能达到 5000IU/mL。在 30L发酵罐上进行初步放大实验 ,其产酶水平能达到 8100IU/mL。在1m³发酵罐上进行中试放大 ,产酶水平可达到 8000IU/mL。     

转化蔗髓P2菌株的鉴定及其产酶条件

从蔗髓纸浆中分离筛选出一株霉菌,经鉴定,定名为康氏木霉(Trichoderma koningii)P2菌株。在蔗髓70g、麸皮30g、(NH₄)₂SO₄1.2g、(NH₂0.8g、MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.05g、KH₂PO₄0.1g、MnSO₄ 3.2mg、葡萄糖母液2g、水300ml,pH5,     

黑曲霉FS25产β-葡聚糖酶发酵特性的研究*

黑曲霉 (Aspergillusniger) FS2 5产β 葡聚糖酶最适碳源为大麦粉 ,氮源为玉米浆 ;最佳摇瓶发酵配方为大麦粉 6g ,玉米浆 2g ,(NH₄)₂SO₄0.4g ,FeSO₄·7H₂ O 0.01g ,Na₂ HPO₄·3H₂ O 0.1g,CaCO₃0.5g ,MgSO相似文献   

利用酵母菌细胞转化肉桂酸生成L-苯丙氨酸

对利用酵母菌转化肉桂酸生成L-苯丙氨酸的方法进行了菌株筛选、菌体细胞培养、转化反应条件以及产物提取等方面的探索。从13个属的71株酵母菌中选到转化生成L-苯丙氨酸较高的粘红酵母(Rhodosorula glusinis)As 2.102菌株。经实验得出该菌株的最佳培养条件为:在含有1.5%酵母膏、1%葡萄糖、1.5%蛋白胨、0.05%L-苯丙氨酸、0.05% KH₂PO₄、0.5%NaCl、pH5.0的培养基中,30℃振荡培养20小时;最佳转化条件     

富硒姬松茸液体培养条件的研究

采用液体摇瓶培养法 ,对姬松茸 (Agaricusblazei)富硒培养条件进行初步研究 ,结果表明 :富硒姬松茸液体培养的最佳培养基配方为玉米粉 30 g/L ,葡萄糖 2 0g/L ,硫酸铵 2 g/L ,酵母膏 3g/L ,KH₂ PO₄ 2 g/L ,MgSO₄ ·7H₂ O 1 g/L ,维生素B11 0 0mg/L ;采用 1mg/L亚硒酸钠驯化菌种 ,2 5 0mL三角瓶装量 80mL ,p     

产α-淀粉酶的米曲霉菌株筛选及产酶条件的研究

从51株米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)中筛选到5株产α-淀粉酶活力较高的菌株,对其中的5037号菌株进行了产酶条件的试验:最适培养温度为30—33℃,时间为2.5天,3天以后酶活力开始下降;pH3.5—6.0之间对产酶活力影响均不大;外加碳源以糊精和瓜干粉较好,其中玉米粉加量以5%最好;外加氟源中NH₄NO₃和尿素等对酶的形成有促进作用;NH₄Cl抑制酶的形成。在最适产酶条件下,酶活力平均达438.8u/ml。     

均匀设计法优化烟管菌产漆酶培养基

应用均匀设计、二次多项式逐步回归分析对烟管菌(Bjerkandera adusta)WZFF.W-Y11产漆酶液态发酵培养基进行优化。结果表明,培养基组成为麸皮水解液1%、淀粉24.0 g/L、葡萄糖24.0 g/L、豆饼粉4.8 g/L、NH₄Cl 3.2g/L、KH₂PO₄ 3.2 g/L、MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.2 g/L、CuSO₄ ·5H₂O 0.006 g/L,起始pH6.5,在28℃、150r/min、250mL的摇瓶培养条件下可以稳定地获得9672U/L的漆酶活力。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.