Hyaenictitherium minimum, a new ictithere (Mammalia, Carnivora, Hyaenidae) from the Late Miocene of Toros-Menalla, Chad

A new species of Hyaenidae, Hyaenictitherium minimum, is described in the carnivore fauna of the Late Miocene layers of Toros-Menalla (Chad). Its size is similar to that of a jackal and it had probably a similar ecological niche. It is found in several fossil-bearing localities of this area. The genus Hyaenictitherium is known from the early Late Miocene in Eurasia from China to Spain; the Chadian material is, perhaps with some specimens from Sahabi and Lothagam, the earliest occurrence of the genus in Africa. It results certainly from Eurasian migration, which will have to be taken into account for the analysis of the bulk of the fauna. To cite this article: L. de Bonis et al., C. R. Palevol 4 (2005).     

On the taxonomic status of the Antarctic amphipod crustacean genera Eclysis (Astyridae) and Bathypanoploea (Stilipedidae), with partial redescription of their type species and description of Bathypanoploea polarsterni n. sp.

The monotypic genus Eclysis K.H. Barnard, 1932 and its type species, E. similis Barnard, are redescribed based upon a newly discovered second specimen. The genus Bathypanoploea Schellenberg, 1939 is reviewed; B. schellenbergi Holman and Watling, 1983 is fixed as the type species. B. polarsterni n. sp. is described; Alexandrella pulchra Ren in Ren and Huang, 1991 is a new junior synonym of B. schellenbergi. The morphology of Eclysis and Bathypanoploea is examined, as well as their relationships to the Astyridae and Stilipedidae.See also Electronic Supplement at: http://www.senckenberg.de/odes/05-03.htm     

长柄白点兰,中国白点属(兰科)一新记录种

报道了兰科(Orchidaceae)白点兰属一新记录种:长柄白点兰(Thrixspermum longipedicellatum),并提供了详细的形态描述和照片。该种的主要特征为,株型鸢尾形,花序侧生,具长蕊柱足,唇瓣基部囊状,中裂片心形。     

To the knowledge of the leaf-beetle tribe Nodinini (Coleoptera,Chrysomelidae, Eumolpinae) from the Philippines and Borneo

Three new species of the genus Tricliona are described from the Philippines and Borneo Island: T. bakeri sp. n., T. sandakana sp. n., and T. philippina sp. n. Stethotes aedilis Weise are transferred to the genus Cleoporus, and Stethotes ferruginea Weise, to Tricliona. Typophorus quadrimaculatus Baly is transferred to Cleoporus, and C. cruciatus Lefèvre is synonymized with it. The genus Coniomma Weise is redescribed. For each species, drawings of the genitalia are provided. The species of Cleoporus from the Philippines and all the species of the Tricliona ferruginea group are keyed.     

Cystobasidiopsis nirenbergiae, a new agaricostilbomycete (Pucciniomycotina)

A new genus, Cystobasidiopsis, and a new species, Cystobasidiopsis nirenbergiae, are described for a fungus isolated from an arable loess soil in Ahlum near Braunschweig, Niedersachsen, Germany. An integrated analysis of morphological, ecological, ultrastructural and molecular data indicates that the new species belongs to the Chionosphaeraceae within the Agaricostilbales. Relevant characteristics of the new species are discussed and compared with those of related taxa.     

Ceriopsins A–D, diterpenoids from Ceriops decandra

Chemical examination of the ethyl acetate solubles of the CH₃OH:CH₂Cl₂ (1:1) extract of the roots of Ceriops decandra collected from Kauvery estuary resulted in the isolation of four new diterpenoids, ceriopsins A–D (1–4). The structures of the new diterpenoids were elucidated by a study of their physical and spectral data as methyl 17-hydroxy-16-oxobeyeran-18-oate (1), methyl 16(R)-16,17-dihydroxybeyeran-18-oate (2), 1β,15(S)-isopimar-7-ene-1,15,16-triol (3), and 8,15(R)-epoxypimarane-1β,16-diol (4).     

Arthromyces and Blastosporella, two new genera of conidia-producing lyophylloid agarics (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from the neotropics

Two new genera encompassing three new species of lyophylloid agarics that produce conidia on the basidiomata are described. Arthromyces is a genus comprised of two very different arthrospore-producing mushroom species found in the Greater Antilles and Central America. Blastosporella is a monotypic genus with spherical balls of blastospores covering the pileus surface with age and is known from Hispaniola and Colombia. A key to the species of Arthromyces is included.     

Molecular evidence for species level divergence in African Nile Crocodiles Crocodylus niloticus (Laurenti, 1786)

Relationships of the newly discovered dwarf crocodiles from Mauritania were inferred from mitochondrial 12S sequences. Specimens from 13 different Crocodylus niloticus populations (from East Africa, West Africa and Madagascar) were compared. Additional representatives of the genus Crocodylus (one from Africa and one from Australia), the African genus Osteolaemus and the South American alligatorid Paleosuchus palpebrosus (as outgroup) were included in the analysis. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian analyses yielded relationships that were strikingly different from currently prevailing phylogenetic hypotheses. Both analyses consistently revealed two groups, one consisting of the monophyletic West- and Central African populations and the other of a paraphyletic group containing the East African and Madagascan populations. High genetic divergence between those groups indicates separation on the species level. Furthermore ‘C’ cataphractus is clearly shown not to be a member of the genus Crocodylus. The resulting nomenclatural changes are discussed. To cite this article: A. Schmitz et al., C. R. Palevol 2 (2003).     

怀宁毛茛, 安徽毛茛科一新种

描述了发现自安徽的毛茛科毛茛属一新种,怀宁毛茛。此新种与猫爪草在亲缘关系上甚为相近,与后者的区别在于本种的植株具丝形,有块根的匍匐茎,具三出复叶的基生叶的二侧生小叶分裂成二不等大的小叶,心皮的花柱比子房稍短或与子房等长。     

Ammotragus europaeus : une nouvelle espèce de Caprini (Bovidae, Mammalia) du Pléistocène inférieur à la grotte du Vallonnet (France)

Ammotragus europaeus: a new species of Caprini (Bovidae, Mammalia) from the Early Pleistocene site of Vallonnet (France). A new species of the genus Ammotragus is described from the assemblage III of Vallonnet cave (Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, Alpes-Maritimes, France). These remains were interpreted as Ovis, but the re-study of the dental collection from the site and a first study of a partial braincase with the basal internal region of the horn-core pedicels, the parietals, the temporals, and the basisphenoid bones, show anatomical differences with the Caprini genera Ovis, Capra, and Hemitragus and the Ovibovini genus Soergelia. At the opposite, anatomical similarities of the Vallonnet material to the extant North-African Caprini genus Ammotragus are observed. The age of Vallonnet cave is dated by palaeomagnetic techniques at about 1.0 Ma. Teeth remains similar to the Vallonnet species have been found at Fuente Nueva-3 (Orce, Andalusia, Spain). To cite this article: P.-É. Moullé et al., C. R. Palevol 3 (2004).     

新疆柳属一新记录种——粉枝柳

在研究新疆阿勒泰地区柳属(SalixL.)植物时发现了新疆杨柳科(Salicaceae)柳属植物新记录组粉枝柳组(Sect.Daphnella Seringe ex Duby)及新疆新记录种粉枝柳(Salix rorida Laksch.)。该种雌花苞片长圆形、倒卵状长圆形、倒卵状椭圆形和倒卵形,先端锐尖,苞片基部两侧各具3~4个腺点;雄花苞片倒卵形和倒卵状长圆形,先端锐尖,稀凹陷,在个别苞片基部一侧会有不明显的2~3个腺点,与其他分布区的粉枝柳稍有差异。主要分布在哈巴河中、上游及其2个支流,生于河岸及人工渠道岸边,海拔900~1 500m之处。     

New lichenicolous, muscicolous, corticolous and lignicolous taxa of Burgoa s. l. and Marchandiomyces s. l. (anamorphic Basidiomycota), a new genus for Omphalinafoliacea, and a catalogue and a key to the non-lichenized, bulbilliferous basidiomycetes

A catalogue and a key to the non-lichenized, bulbilliferous basidiomycetes are given. The new genus Burgella is described for the lichenicolous B. flavoparmeliae, phylogenetically close to Sistotrema oblongisporum and Multiclavula. The genera Pneumatospora and Tricellulortus are placed in synonymy of Minimedusa, the new combination M. obcoronata is proposed, and the new facultative lichenicolous M. pubescens is described. The new facultative lichenicolous Burgoa angulosa is phylogenetically close to the generic type B. verzuoliana, whilst the new B. moriformis and B. splendens are provisionally included in the genus Burgoa. A Burgoa-like species in the Ceratobasidiaceae is left unnamed. Two new species of Marchandiomyces, M. buckii and M. nothofagicola, are described. As Marchandiomyces aurantiacus is phylogenetically more close to Erythricium than to Marchandiomyces, it is proposed to exclude it from that genus and to use the holomorphic generic name Marchandiobasidium for both anamorph and teleomorph of this species. The new genus Marchandiomphalina is introduced for the lichenized Omphalina foliacea, a taxon phylogenetically close to Marchandiobasidium. Taxonomic novelties Burgella Diederich & Lawrey; B. flavoparmeliae Diederich & Lawrey; Burgoa angulosa Diederich, Lawrey & Etayo; B. moriformis Diederich, Ertz & Coppins; B. splendens Diederich & Coppins; Marchandiomphalina Diederich, Lawrey & Binder; Marchandiomphalina foliacea (P. M. J?rg.) Diederich, Lawrey & Binder; Marchandiomyces buckii Diederich & Lawrey; M. nothofagicola Diederich & Lawrey; Minimedusa pubescens Diederich, Lawrey & Heylen; M. obcoronata (B. Sutton, Kuthub. & Muid) Diederich & Lawrey     

Molecular phylogeny and evolution of the genus Neoerysiphe (Erysiphaceae, Ascomycota)

The genus Neoerysiphe belongs to the tribe Golovinomyceteae of the Erysiphaceae together with the genera Arthrocladiella and Golovinomyces. This is a relatively small genus, comprising only six species, and having ca 300 species from six plant families as hosts. To investigate the molecular phylogeny and evolution of the genus, we determined the nucleotide sequences of the rDNA ITS regions and the divergent domains D1 and D2 of the 28S rDNA. The 30 ITS sequences from Neoerysiphe are divided into three monophyletic groups that are represented by their host families. Groups 1 and 3 consist of N. galeopsidis from Lamiaceae and N. galii from Rubiaceae, respectively, and the genetic diversity within each group is extremely low. Group 2 is represented by N. cumminsiana from Asteraceae. This group also includes Oidium baccharidis, O. maquii, and Oidium spp. from Galinsoga (Asteraceae) and Aloysia (Verbenaceae), and is further divided into four subgroups. N. galeopsidis is distributed worldwide, but is especially common in western Eurasia from Central Asia to Europe. N. galii is also common in western Eurasia. In contrast, the specimens of group 2 were all collected in the New World, except for one specimen that was collected in Japan; this may indicate a close relationship of group 2 with the New World. Molecular clock calibration demonstrated that Neoerysiphe split from other genera of the Erysiphaceae ca 35–45 M years ago (Mya), and that the three groups of Neoerysiphe diverged between 10 and 15 Mya, in the Miocene. Aloysia citriodora is a new host for the Erysiphaceae and the fungus on this plant is described as O. aloysiae sp. nov.     

城隍竹——福建竹亚科一新种

报道了竹亚科（Bambusoideae）少穗竹属（Oligostachyum Z.P.Wang et G.H.Ye）一新种——城隍竹（O. heterophyllum M.M.Lin）。该新种分布于我国福建西部,它与糙花少穗竹[O.scabriflorum（McClure） Z.P.Wang et G.H.Ye]相似或近缘,但秆小,直径不超过1.5 cm;秆箨淡紫绿色,背面具有瘤基刺毛,无斑点,无白粉,亦无焦边,基部密被细刚毛;箨片直立,基部不收缩;箨舌淡禾秆色;叶鞘被细微柔毛而与后者相区别。     

新建迭部蛤(新名) (Tewomorpha)替代晚出名)(Tewoella Ding and Li, 1987 (非)(Tewoella Sun, 1979)

1993年, 于菁珊和董国义为辽宁上三叠统的非海相双壳类化石建立了一个新属辽宁蚌Liaoningia Yu and Dong, 1993, 以Liaoningia opima Yu and Dong, 1993作为模式种。然而, 早在1979年, 邢裕盛和刘桂芝就已为辽宁晚前寒武纪南关岭组所产的化石标本创建了新属名辽宁水母属Liaoningia Xing and Liu, 1979, 模式种是Liaoningia fuxianensis Xing and Liu, 1979。然而, 多数学者反对将它视为水母类化石, 有人怀疑辽宁水母属是假化石, 迄今学术界并无统一意见, 故本文暂将它归为疑问化石(Problematica)。根据“国际动物命名法规”, 我们提出一个新的属名Liaoningoconcha nom. nov., 用以替代Liaoningia Xing and Liu, 1979的次同义名Liaoningia Yu and Dong, 1993, 仍使用于菁珊和董国义在1993年指定的模式种, 中文译名不变。     

中国绿绒蒿属新资料

吉隆沟是喜马拉雅西部最大的水汽通道,水热条件好,地形地貌多样,孕育了丰富的植物多样性。该文报道了在西藏吉隆县发现的中国绿绒蒿属2个中国新记录种——秋花绿绒蒿(Meconopsis autumnalis P. Egan)、美花绿绒蒿(Meconopsis bella Prain)以及1个发表后再次记录到的物种——心叶绿绒蒿［Meconopsis polygonoides (Prain) Prain］。文中提供了形态特征描述、分布及生境,并简要说明了与近似种的区别。该发现丰富了中国西藏植物区系,为中国绿绒蒿属研究提供了新资料。结合过往的调查,作者认为吉隆县的植物多样性调查应减少传统吉隆县沿吉隆藏布到吉隆镇的过度采集,建议向吉隆口岸及两侧深入采集。     

广西报春苣苔属一新种及其系统位置(英文)

报春苣苔是一类生长在石灰岩基质上的多年生草本植物,目前已知的种类160余种,主要分布在我国南部和越南北部的石灰岩地区。该属植物许多种类分布极其狭域,往往仅零星分布在某个或少数几个地点。近年来,该属植物许多新种类不断地被发现和报道,预示着该属植物可能有更加丰富的多样性。该研究报道了在广西博白县发现的该属植物一新种。从形态上判断,该新种属于广义报春苣苔属,其具有的一些特别的形态特征,如花冠下唇比上唇长得多,上唇内部具有两个近圆形斑点(其它多数种类具有条形斑点),而易于与本属其它物种区分。而且,基于叶绿体mat K基因序列重建的系统发育关系表明,该新种的确属于报春苣苔属且广义报春苣苔属是单系类群。该新种与钟冠报春(P.swinglei)和疏花报春(P.laxiflora)最为近缘,其mat K基因与后两者分别有5个和11个碱基差异,暗示这些物种间经历了较长时间的独立演化或mat K基因在这些物种中具有较高的碱基替换速率。另外,该新种只生长在丹霞岩石上,而其近缘种以及同属大多数其它种类都生长在石灰岩基质上,暗示该新种获得了特殊的适应能力以及与其它近缘种间存在生态隔离。该新种以及近年来本属许多其它新种类的发现,进一步增加了对该属植物多样性的认识,以及该属植物的演化与多样性分化之谜。这些物种所具有的高度区域或局域特有性和稀有性,以及形态上的特殊性和遗传上的独立性,进一步强化了对该属植物开展保护的重要性。     

Sidera, a new genus in Hymenochaetales with poroid and hydnoid species

A new genus, Sidera (Hymenochaetales), is described to accommodate the dimitic polypores Skeletocutis lenis and S. vulgaris, the monomitic polypore Ceriporiopsis lowei, and the monomitic, hydnoid Athelopsis lunata. The genus is characterised by white-rot, whitish resupinate fruiting bodies, crystal rosettes on specialised hyphae, and allantoid spores. Cinereomyces (Polyporales) is confirmed to be a good genus including C. lindbladii, separate from Diplomitoporus as defined by its type species D. flavescens and the closely related D. crustulinus. Fabisporus is a taxonomic synonym of Diplomitoporus. Poriodontia subvinosa belongs to the Hymenochaetales.