2型单纯疱疹病毒体外感染周期的研究进展

2型单纯疱疹病毒(Herpes simplex virus type 2,HSV-2)是引起生殖器疱疹的主要病原体。生殖器疱疹主要表现为生殖器和肛周皮肤黏膜疱疹或溃疡,是一种慢性、复发性、难以治愈的性传播疾病,临床治疗多以抑制病毒复制的核苷类药物阿昔洛韦及其衍生物更昔洛韦、喷昔洛韦等为主。这些药物对缓解症状、缩短病程有一定作用,但难以达到根治的目的,长期应用易产生耐药,且对其合并症基本无效。作用于HSV-2其他感染周期的药物成为人类探索的新领域。HSV-2感染宿主细胞是一个复杂的多阶段过程,包括黏附、穿入、核转运、基因组复制、衣壳组装、子代病毒释放等多个步骤,涉及多种细胞和病毒蛋白的活性。本文对HSV-2体外感染周期详细步骤及其分子机制作一综述,以期深入了解其感染机制,并为研制作用于不同感染阶段的抗HSV-2药物提供参考。     

剪夏罗鲜汁及其黄酮组分对体外I型单纯疱疹病毒的抑制作用

在人胚肺纤维母细胞体外培养系统中,以微量单层细胞病变法观察剪夏罗（Ｌｙｃｈｎｉｓ ｃｏｒｏｎａｔａ Ｔｈｕｎｂ．）鲜汁液及其黄酮组分对体外Ｉ型单纯疱疹病毒增殖性感染的抑制作用。剪夏罗高浓度鲜汁液（１：５０,１：２０及１：１０）稀释液及其高浓度黄酮组分     

人巨细胞病毒对单纯疱疹病毒1型抗原表达的影响

我们用免疫胶体金色埋前标记技术和免疫荧光技术研究了人胚肺细胞(HEL)内,人巨细胞病毒(HCMV-AD_(169))对单纯疱疹病毒1型(HSV-ⅠSM_(44))抗原表达的影响,旨在探讨在细胞这一微生境内,一病毒对另一病毒可能发生的影响。电镜下计数HSV-1组和HCMV HSV-1组特异性结合金颗粒数得HSV-1组为657个,HCMV HSV-1组的总数为283个。t检验P<0.01,差别非常显著。并且HSV-1组细胞的胞浆中的病毒颗粒,比HCMV HSV-1组明显多。荧光显微镜下:HSV-1组阳性细胞数为689个HCMV HSV-1组只有484个,经poisson分布u检验,P<0.01,差别非常显著。免疫荧光实验还表明:HSV-1组,抗血清在1:320时仍有荧光清晰的阳性细胞,而HCMV HSV-1组,抗血清在1:160时,却无荧光阳性细胞。细胞病变效应(CPE)动态观察显示:HSV-1组8小时即有细胞病变,24小时蔓延整个单层;而HCMV HSV-1组超感染14小时才有细胞病变。24小时约有75％细胞受累。结果表明HCMV对HSV-1的抗原表达有明显的抑制作用。对抑制作用的可能机理及其在分子生态学中的意义,进行了讨论。     

生命泉膏滋抗实验小鼠阴道单纯疱疹病毒2型感染的研究

目的：研究中药生命泉膏滋（FESOL）抗小鼠阴道HSV－2感染的药效学作用,方法：以不同剂量FESOL作用于阴道感染HSV－2实验小鼠,观察用药后动物的发病率,死亡率和病变发展速度及程度。结果：FESOL高,中剂量组,[8.33,1.67,0.34g/(kg.d)]能显著降低感染鼠的发病率,死亡率,同时显著减轻病变程度,减慢病变发展速度。结论：中药FESOL能有效抗小鼠阴道HSV－2感染。     

单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型CTCF结合位点抑制启动子功能

为了找到CTCF在单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型(HSV-2)中的结合位点,并探讨其基因表达调控作用。对比HSV-1与HSV-2全基因组中CTCF结合序列区别;生物信息学分析HSV-2全基因组;Jaspar在线预测CTCF结合位点;依据CTCF结合的序列特点预测结合位置;PCR扩增预测位点并插入pGL3-promoter构建重组载体;重组载体转染人胚胎肾细胞(293T)双荧光检测验证预测位点转录调控效应。预测得到三个CTCF结合位点分别位于潜伏相关转录本(LAT)上游(CTUL)、下游(CTa’m)及内含子(CTRL)位置;扩增目的片段并构建重组载体,双酶切及测序验证成功;双荧光检测显示LAT内含子(pGL3-promoter-CTRL)及下游(pGL3-promoter-CTa’m)结合位点重组载体转染组与pGL3-promoter载体转染组相比,荧光强度明显减弱,差异有统计学意(P0.001),但与pGL3-basic组相比,并没有完全沉默荧光霉素的表达;上游结合位点重组载体(pGL3-promoter-CTUL)转染组与pGL3-promoter相比无明显差异(P0.05)。HSV-2LAT序列内含子及下游序列上存在CTCF结合位点,具有减弱基因启动子功能的效应,可能在HSV-2维持潜伏中发挥作用。     

Ⅰ型单纯疱疹病毒(HSV—Ⅰ)体外抗体应答及IFNr的调节

以纯化、灭活的HSV-I为抗原,体外致敏洗涤过的健康成人外周血淋巴细胞,37℃孵育12天,细胞培养上清中的特异性抗体用ELISA法测定。11例血清HSV-I抗体阳性成人的淋巴细胞接受灭活HSV-I抗原致敏后,培养上清中均能检出特异性抗体,抗体类型为IgG(26.6土23ng/m1),体外产生的特异抗体水平与原血清抗体水平无相关性(R=0.45,P>0.05)。同法刺激新生儿淋巴细胞;不能诱生任何类型的HSV-I抗体。在本实验系统中,特异性抗体应答是一个蛋白质的全新(de novo)合成过程,应答水平和体外致敏用的病毒抗原量有明显剂量依赖关系,最适刺激抗原量为108ng/ml。HSV-I抗体应答需要T、B细胞的相互作用,两类细胞单独均不能诱导特异性HSV-I抗体应答。在本实验系统中加入适量重组人γ干扰素,能增强抗体应答水平,过高剂量起抑制作用。     

褐藻裙带菜孢子叶粗提物体外抗单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型活性研究

从药物对细胞的保护、对HSV-2增殖的影响及对HSV-2感染细胞的综合作用三个方面研究不同稀释度的裙带菜孢子叶粗提物抑制单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型对Vero细胞的感染作用,细胞病变效应法(Cytopathogenic effect,CPE)观察和MTT法测定裙带菜多糖抗HSV-2活性,结果表明裙带菜多糖能明显抑制HSV-2对Vero细胞的致病变作用,使细胞存活率升高,其水提醇沉法所得裙带菜多糖的IC50为6.49μg/mL,并初步推测其抗HSV-2活性是作用在HSV-2和受体结合,侵入Vero细胞阶段,为筛选新型抗病毒药物、研究海藻多糖抗HSV-2活性机理及优化裙带菜孢子叶的提取工艺提供参考依据。     

一株红树林真菌抗单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型的研究

目的:对分离自海南红树林真菌菌株PH0016的胞外多糖(exopolysaccharide,EPS)抗单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型(Herpes simplex virus type 2,HSV-2)活性进行研究。方法:收集纯化菌株PH0016产生的EPS,体外采用细胞病变观察EPS的细胞毒性和抗HSV-2作用。为观察EPS对HSV-2体内感染的治疗效果,小鼠颅内注射0.02ml滴度为100LD50/0.1ml-1的HSV-2,24小时后以不同浓度EPS灌胃,持续7天,14天后计算小鼠存活率和存活时间。菌株分类采用形态学观察和ITS序列分析。结果:EPS可抑制HSV-2病毒活性,病毒感染的细胞病变的半抑制浓度(Inhibited concentration,IC50)为313μg/mL,SI为11.43。EPS 25mg.kg-1.d-1灌胃后,小鼠存活率为40.0%,存活时间为9.82±1.87天,相比模型组实验动物存活时间和存活率均有提高。菌株初步鉴定为淡紫色拟青霉。结论:从海南红树林分离一株淡紫色拟青霉,其产生的EPS具有抗HSV-2活性,值得进一步研究。     

单纯疱疹病毒2型特异性DNA片段的克隆和鉴定

用核酸限制性内切酶BamHI对单纯疱疹病毒2型(HSV—2)的DNA进行酶解,回收位于基因组中的反向重复序列区的Bam HIG片段,然后将其克隆在载体质粒PUC 8的Bam HI切点上,进一步用核酸限制性内切酶Eco RI和KPNI对这一重组质粒联合酶解,移去EcoRI—KPNI小片段,经末端修饰后,将其连接得到新的重组质粒pRC102,它含有一小段HSV—2的DNA序列。以此质粒为探针,分别与HSV—1、HSV—2及细胞DNA进行斑点杂交;与HSV—1和HSV—2酶解后的DNA片段进行Southern转印系交。两组实验结果显示,pRC102质粒DNA只与HSV—2 DNA特异性杂交,其HSV—2的型特异性良好。     

Network pharmacology-based research on the active component and mechanism of the antihepatoma effect of Rubia cordifolia L.

Rubia cordifolia L. is widely used in Asia and its antihepatoma effect has been proved by in vitro and in vivo experiments. However, there are few studies on its specific mechanism. In the present study, the network pharmacology method was used to construct the component/target/pathway molecular regulatory network for the antihepatoma effect of Rubia cordifolia L. to explore the effective components of Rubia cordifolia L. and its potential mechanism. The chemical components of Rubia cordifolia L. were identified through literature and databases, and the components were evaluated and screened by drug likeness and pharmacokinetic characteristics (ADMET). The targets of active components were predicted according to the reverse pharmacophore matching model. The hepatic carcinoma-related genes were found in databases, and antihepatoma-related gene targets were selected through comparison. The functions of target genes and related pathways were analyzed and screened using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery, and the component/target/pathways network of antihepatoma effect of Rubia cordifolia L. was constructed using Cytoscape software. Finally, 16 active compounds were screened from Rubia cordifolia L., and 39 gene targets, including AKT1, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, and epidermal growth factor receptor, were involved. Rubia cordifolia L. also affected the hepatitis B, phosphoinositide-3-kinase-protein kinase B, and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Many direct-acting tumor-related signaling pathways and indirect-acting hepatitis pathways inhibit the generation of liver cancer. The present study provided a scientific basis for further elucidating the mechanism of Rubia cordifolia L. against liver cancer.     

中低压制备色谱制备茜草蒽醌成分的研究

建立新的中低压制备色谱技术,分离纯化茜草蒽醌单体.先采用高压液相色谱技术分析所分离产物的纯度,再用核兹共振谱、红外、质谱分析确证单体的化学结构.结果表明:用中低压色谱分离茜草的乙醇提取物而得到的4个单体,其纯度分别为99.87％、99.56％、99.42％、98.21％,结构鉴定为从石油醚萃取物中分离得到的单体为大叶茜...     

Induction of anthraquinone biosynthesis in Rubia cordifolia cells by heterologous expression of a calcium-dependent protein kinase gene

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) play an important role in plant cell responses to stress and pathogenic attack. In this study, we investigated the effect of heterologous expression of the Arabidopsis CDPK gene, AtCPK1, on anthraquinone production in transgenic Rubia cordifolia cells. AtCPK1 variants (a constitutively active, Ca(2+) -independent form and a non-active form used as a negative control) were transferred to callus cells by agrobacterial transformation. Overexpression of the constitutively active, Ca(2+) -independent form in R. cordifolia cells caused a 10-fold increase in anthraquinone content compared with non-transformed control cells, while the non-active form of AtCPK1 had no effect on anthraquinone production. Real-time PCR measurements showed that the activation of anthraquinone biosynthesis in transgenic calli correlated with the activation of isochorismate synthase gene expression. The activator effect of AtCPK1 was stable during prolonged periods of transgenic cell cultivation (more than 3 years) and the transgenic cultures exhibited high growth. Our results provide the first evidence that a CDPK gene can be used for the engineering of secondary metabolism in plant cells.     

In vitro Anti-viral Activity of the Total Alkaloids from Tripterygium hypoglaucum against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a commonly occurring human pathogen worldwide. There is an urgent need to discover and develop new alternative agents for the management of HSV-1 infection. Tripterygium hypoglaucum (level) Hutch (Celastraceae) is a traditional Chinese medicine plant with many pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammation, anti-tumor and antifertility. The usual medicinal part is the roots which contain about a 1% yield of alkaloids. A crude total alkaloids extract was prepared ...     

Synthesis and Antiviral Effect against Herpes Simplex Type 1 of 12-substituted Benzo[c]phenanthridinium Salts

The synthesis of benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloid derivatives is described. In vitro antiviral activity against herpes simplex type 1 (HSV1) has been investigated. Contrary to the natural product fagaronine, which did not have any activity in the HSV1 antiviral tests, four 12-alkoxy derivatives showed good activity demonstrating the importance of the 12-substitution in the structure-activity relationships.     

格尔德霉素抗病毒作用的相关基因研究

格尔德霉素(Geldanamycin,GA)作为一种苯醌安莎霉素类抗生素,能与热休克蛋白90特异性结合,具有广谱的抗病毒作用.为了从转录水平上研究GA抗病毒的分子机制,本研究以单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型(Herpes simplex vi-rus type 1,HSV-1)为对象,在确定药物有效抗病毒作用的基础上,采用基因芯片技术分析了在HeLa细胞中病毒感染和药物处理对细胞表达谱的影响,并筛选出GA抗病毒作用的可能相关基因.同时用半定量RT-PCR方法对GA诱导上调、HSV-1诱导下调的基因(ACTG1、RAN、SODl)以及GA诱导下调、HSV-1诱导上调的基因(HYALl)进行了验证.研究GA抗病毒作用对细胞表达谱的影响,有利于深入理解药物的抗病毒机制.