BALB/c等小鼠线粒体DNAD环区PCR-SSCP分析

用PCR -SSCP方法分析BALB/c等 7个近交系小鼠线粒体DNA (mtDNA)的多态性 ,探讨其遗传起源及亲缘关系 ,结果发现 ,这些小鼠mtDNA的高变异性区 ,D -loop 5′及 3′端的SSCP电泳带型完全相同 ,未发现多态性。表明TA2、 6 15、T739、BALB/c、C3H、C5 7BL/ 6J、DBA/ 2等近交系小鼠的mtDNA具有高度的同源性。     

近交系小鼠微卫星DNA多态性的研究

随机选择位于小鼠不同染色体上的微卫星引物42对,用PCR技术对C3H、C57、BALB/c、DBA、TA2、T739、B615、BACB/c－nu－nu和SCID等9种实验室常用近交系小鼠微卫星DNA多态性进行了研究。结果显示有信息的40对引物中,9种近交系小鼠在各基因座上均出现一条清晰条带,28个基因座表现为多态性。其中D3Mit22、D7Nds1、D11Mit12、D12Nds2、D15Mit17、D16Mit3、D16Mit4基因座表现为显著多态性。T739、B615和TA2的遗传背景相近,其相似系数分别为90％和85％;其次为TA2、SCID和B615,其相似系数分别为80％和82.5％。结果表明所检测的小鼠符合近交要求,筛选出的引物能典型地反映9个近交系小鼠的品系特异性和遗传背景,可用于常规检测小鼠品系来源和遗传背景等。 Abstract：Forty-two microsatellites DNA loci on different chromosomes in nine kinds of inbred strain mice including C3H,C57,BALB/c,DBA,TA2,T739,B615,BALB/c-nu-nu and SCID were investigated by PCR analysis.It showed that all these mice tested display single allelic gene band with forty pairs of informative primers.Twenty-eight loci are polymorphisms,among which the polymorphisms of D3Mit22,D7Nds1,D11Mit12,D12Nds2,D15Mit17,D16Mit3,and D16Mit4 loci are significant.The genetic background of T739 was similarity with that of B615 and TA2 ,the similarity indices were 90％ and 85％ respectively;and that of TA2 was similarity with SCID and B615,the similarity indices were 80％ and 82.5％.These results suggest that these mice tested meet the request of inbred strain.Screened primers showing marked polymorphisms topically reflect the speciality of strains and genetic backgrounds,which could be used in determining the strains origin and genetic background of mice.     

近交系小鼠微卫星DNA多态性的研究

随机选择位于小鼠不同染色体上的微卫星引物42对,用PCR技术对C3H、C57、BALB/c、DBA、TA2、T739、B615、BACB/c－nu－nu和SCID等9种实验室常用近交系小鼠微卫星DNA多态性进行了研究。结果显示有信息的40对引物中,9种近交系小鼠在各基因座上均出现一条清晰条带,28个基因座表现为多态性。其中D3Mit22、D7Nds1、D11Mit12、D12Nds2、D15Mit17、D16Mit3、D16Mit4基因座表现为显著多态性。T739、B615和TA2的遗传背景相近,其相似系数分别为90％和85％;其次为TA2、SCID和B615,其相似系数分别为80％和82.5％。结果表明所检测的小鼠符合近交要求,筛选出的引物能典型地反映9个近交系小鼠的品系特异性和遗传背景,可用于常规检测小鼠品系来源和遗传背景等。 Abstract：Forty-two microsatellites DNA loci on different chromosomes in nine kinds of inbred strain mice including C3H,C57,BALB/c,DBA,TA2,T739,B615,BALB/c-nu-nu and SCID were investigated by PCR analysis.It showed that all these mice tested display single allelic gene band with forty pairs of informative primers.Twenty-eight loci are polymorphisms,among which the polymorphisms of D3Mit22,D7Nds1,D11Mit12,D12Nds2,D15Mit17,D16Mit3,and D16Mit4 loci are significant.The genetic background of T739 was similarity with that of B615 and TA2 ,the similarity indices were 90％ and 85％ respectively;and that of TA2 was similarity with SCID and B615,the similarity indices were 80％ and 82.5％.These results suggest that these mice tested meet the request of inbred strain.Screened primers showing marked polymorphisms topically reflect the speciality of strains and genetic backgrounds,which could be used in determining the strains origin and genetic background of mice.     

辽宁省6种常用近交系小鼠10个微卫星位点的遗传质量检测报告

目的利用微卫星技术对辽宁省6种近交系小鼠进行遗传质量分析。方法根据Mouse Genome Database和相关文献选取10个多态信息丰富的位点和引物,进行PCR扩增和PAGE电泳,对小鼠的遗传多态性进行研究。结果不同品系小鼠同一位点的扩增结果表现出多态性,同一品系同一位点表现单态性,所有小鼠的10个位点都处于纯合状态;遗传距离分析表明,C57BL/10与C57BL/6J小鼠之间的遗传距离最近,为0.1021,遗传距离最远的是BALB/c与C57BL/10、C57BL/6J,分别为0.1635和0.1614。结论运用所筛选的10个微卫星位点可以对近交系小鼠进行遗传质量检测,说明该方法具备可行性。     

多重PCR在几个近交系小鼠遗传检测中的应用初探

目的　探讨多重PCR方法在小鼠微卫星检测中的应用。方法　用 34对特异性引物对AKR、BALB c、C57 BL、DBA 2、CBA、A WY、6 15、T739、BALB cJ和AKR J 10个品系的近交系小鼠用PCR方法进行遗传检测 ,并从中选用 4对引物 ,对这些品系小鼠进行二重和多重PCR检测。结果　二重PCR在与单一PCR相同的反应条件下 ,扩增出两条与预期条带相同的带 ,而三重PCR则没有得到三条预期的条带 ,出现了干扰现象。结论　通过二条条带的距离可以鉴别出不同的近交系小鼠 ,二重PCR可应用于近交系小鼠的遗传检测 ,具有方便简单、省时的优点     

应用40对微卫星引物对6种近交系小鼠遗传背景进行监测的研究

采用40对引物的微卫星DNA PCR遗传质量符合要求的BALB／C－nu0nu-,DBA/2,SCID,T739,TA2,615等6种近交系小鼠进行遗传监测,结果26对引物有稳定的扩增结果,5对引物表现为单态性,21对引物表现出多态性,其中D2Nds3,D3Mitl5,D3Mitl7,D3Mit18,D16Mit7等6对引物表现出显著的多态性,反映了各品系小鼠独特的遗传背景,可应用于区别小鼠品系,监测系间的遗传污染,为有关小鼠品系积累了遗传背景资料,有助于将实验动物的遗传监测从表墼这度到DNA水平。     

小鼠39个微卫星的PCR条件及其运用

目的探索小鼠基因组39个微卫星的PCR条件,评价微卫星在小鼠遗传检测中的运用.方法采用梯度法探索39个微卫星的PCR条件;选择本中心不同来源及引种时间的C57BL/6、BALB/c、DBA/2J、CBA/N、FVB/NJ、ICR共6个品系(8个组)小鼠,每组采用10只个体的鼠尾,提取DNA并混合成DNA池,用39个微卫星扩增后电泳观察、比较种系纯度.结果小鼠微卫星的PCR条件差异较大,Mg2+浓度多数在1.5 mmol/L左右,退火温度多数在59℃左右.在6个品系小鼠的39个微卫星位点中,C57BL/6、BALB/c、DBA/2J都是纯合的; 其余品系有1～3个杂合位点. BALB/c在D5Mitl68、D8Mit320、D13Mit262三个位点,DBA/2J在D14Mit205位点与数据库记录有差异.结论本研究为小鼠39个微卫星提供了候选的PCR条件,并对6个品系小鼠的微卫星概貌及微卫星的运用价值进行了探讨.     

Southern杂交方法用于近交系小鼠H-2基因检测

目的建立一种简便、快捷、准确的检测方法用于近交系小鼠的遗传检测。方法根据近交系小鼠的H-2基因序列设计相应的探针,并标记生物素,利用微孔板Southern杂交技术,使探针与模板DNA杂交,再加入亲和素标记的辣根过氧化物酶进行酶显色反应,通过酶标仪检测杂交结果,以确定近交系小鼠的基因型。结果57BL／6和C57B：／10为H-2^b型;DBA／2和Scid为H-2^d型;615和C3H为H-2^k型;NCPC／2、TA1、TA2和T739均为H-2^b型。结论通过Southern杂交检测可以确定近交系小鼠的基因型。该检测方法简便、易行,检测结果客观,可以应用于近交系小鼠的遗传检测。     

不同小鼠品系囊胚受体对C57BL/6胚胎干细胞种系嵌合效率的影响

目的考察不同品系的小鼠囊胚对C57BL/6胚胎干细胞种系嵌合效率的影响,进而提高通过在C57BL/6胚胎干细胞中同源重组制作基因打靶小鼠的效率。方法选取近交系B6(Cg)-Tyrc-2J和BALB/c品系及封闭群ICR作为囊胚供体鼠,通过在TLX3、Ai3K和SL三个不同基因修饰ES细胞的种系嵌合实验中,平行比较三者的囊胚利用率、嵌合鼠获得效率以及种系遗传效率等三个方面,并进一步针对囊胚来源这一因素对效率的影响进行统计学分析。结果三种ES细胞均未能通过B6(Cg)-Tyrc-2J品系囊胚的注射获得种系遗传。而BALB/c品系与ICR品系相比,囊胚利用率明显低于ICR品系(P0.05);嵌合鼠获得效率方面,BALB/c与ICR相当(P=0.115);而种系遗传效率方面,BALB/c品系显著高于其他品系(P0.01)。结论 BALB/c品系在C57BL/6胚胎干细胞种系嵌合效率方面确实具有优势,然而,由于BALB/c囊胚较难获得,并且存在发育延迟和透明带脆性高等问题,而ICR品系在囊胚获得和利用方面的效率明显高于BABL/c,并且也可以支持C57BL/6胚胎干细胞的种系遗传,因此也是C57BL/6胚胎干细胞囊胚注射中较好的选择。     

(GTG)5探针产生的DNA指纹图在近交系小鼠遗传检测中的应用

目的探讨用非放射性标记的寡聚核苷酸探针(GTG)5进行近交系小鼠的DNA指纹分析。方法用非放射性标记的寡聚核苷酸探针(GTG)5制作BALB/c、C57BL/6J、DBA/2、C3H近交系小鼠的DNA指纹图,对这四个品系的小鼠进行遗传检测,分析各品系内和品系间的遗传变异性。结果(GTG)5探针可产生具有良好多态性的DNA指纹图,平均图带数为8~12条。各品系内的DNA指纹图平均相似系数(-x)在0.96~1.00的范围内,具有相同指纹图的概率(P)均在3.1×10-1以上,极显著地高于品系间的相似系数(0.22~0.39)和相同指纹图的概率(P<1.07×10-4)。结论(GTG)5可用于制作近交系小鼠的DNA指纹图以对其进行遗传检测。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

棉铃虫钙粘蛋白N端多肽多克隆抗体制备及对Bt抗性的初步检测

用重组表达的棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner)中肠钙粘蛋白N端多肽片段制备兔多克隆抗体,并利用其对Bt抗性进行鉴定。通过RT-PCR方法对棉铃虫中肠钙粘蛋白N端多肽的基因片段Cad285进行PCR扩增,将其克隆到pET-30a原核表达载体中,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中经IPTG诱导表达,得到35ku的重组融和蛋白,融合表达的包涵体经过变性、Ni-NTA柱亲和纯化、复性等方法处理包涵体,获得可溶性纯化蛋白,用纯化后蛋白免疫新西兰兔制备多克隆抗体,ELISA检测其效价高于1∶16000;利用最终获得的多克隆抗体对室内纯合Bt抗/感品系的棉铃虫中肠钙粘蛋白进行Western blot分析,结果显示敏感和抗性品系之间有明显差异,表明其能够应用对Bt抗性进行初步检测。     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。