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从试管棉纤维的诱导条件、影响试管棉纤维分化和伸长的因子以及其发育机制等方面进行了综述。试管棉纤维主要是通过胚珠及愈伤组织诱导形成, 其影响因子主要是植物生长调节物质及外界环境。同时总结了目前棉花离体培养纤维中存在问题, 并展望了棉花离体培养的前景和应用价值。 相似文献
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棉花组织培养研究的现状和前景 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对棉花组织培养中胚珠(幼)培养和杂种植株获得,体细胞无性系变异和抗性突变体筛选,花药培养和单倍体育种,体细胞胚发生和人工种子的制作,离体棉纤维诱导和超级棉生产,原生质体培养和植株再生等研究进展,问题和前景作了概述。 相似文献
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以花生幼叶为外植体进行离体培养,研究BA浓度对花器官分化的影响并进一步观察试管内花器官的发育.结果表明:经MSB 1mg/LBA 0.5mg/LKIN 2mg/LIAA培养基诱导的愈伤组织,转接到附加1~3mg/LBA的MSB培养基上培养,均能直接诱导分化花器官,但2mg/LBA的诱导效率最高达21.13%;诱导分化的花器官转接到MSB培养基继续培养,部分花器官可以在试管内开花、受精、成针、结实.试验实现了以花生幼叶为外植体,在试管内完成诱导花芽、开花、受精、形成果针、子房膨大,直至形成荚果等过程,为离体条件下研究花生花器官分化、荚果及种子发育提供了技术体系和材料. 相似文献
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梳唇石斛试管开花诱导和离体保存 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对珍稀濒危药用植物梳唇石斛(Dendrobidium strongylanthum Rchb. f.)离体开花诱导和保存进行试验、观察和分析,研究基本培养基和植物生长调节剂对诱导离体开花的影响以及培养条件对离体保存的影响。结果显示,试管丛芽培养在MS+6-BA 2 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L的培养基上,培养20 d试管开花的诱导率高达96%以上。试管丛芽接种在花宝1号3 g/L+NAA 1 mg/L+活性炭0.5 g/L培养基上,在12 ℃和HR 60%条件下保存,继代周期可延长至2年。该物种快速繁殖方法和保存技术的成功,为濒危植物梳唇石斛持续利用提供了技术支持。 相似文献
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蝴蝶兰离体培养及其相关生物技术研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
崔广荣 《热带亚热带植物学报》2010,18(6):696-706
对蝴蝶兰(Phalaenopsis)的离体培养、褐化及控制、物理化学诱变、转基因研究进展进行了综述,包括蝴蝶兰离体培养中的外植体选择、体细胞胚胎及类原球茎诱导、培养基及培养条件、培养方式、褐化控制等关键因素,并概括了生物反应器、转基因、诱变育种等相关生物技术研究进展。成体植株的花梗、茎尖和种子以及试管苗的叶片、茎尖、根尖等均可作为外植体;影响外植体褐化的主要因素有培养基的种类、pH值、温度、外植体的生理状况等;蝴蝶兰诱变育种及转基因研究尚处于初步阶段。 相似文献
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影响棉纤维分化和发育的因素 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
影响棉纤维生长发育的主要因素是:基因型、激素、温度、水分、光照、授粉受精状况等。基因型决定棉纤维分化发育方式,内源或外源激素调控纤维分化、伸长、次生壁形成等发育过程。温度对纤维分化发育也有很大程度的影响。离体纤维生长发育除了受上述因素影响外,还受微量元素、维生素、NH4^+、CO2浓度等影响。 相似文献
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棉纤维由棉胚珠表皮细胞分化生长而成,是研究细胞分化、细胞伸长等机理的良好材料。为了更好地研究它的分化和发育,人们建立了多种实验系统:离体胚珠培养系统、胚珠来源的单细胞悬浮培养系统、胚珠愈伤组织细胞来源的细胞悬浮培养系统,并对这些实验系统的特点对纤维细胞分化和生长,如培养基的配方、激素配比、pH值、抑制剂或促进剂的影响等进行了较为系统的研究。发现棉纤维的发育 相似文献
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Wen-bin Liao Meng-bin Ruan Bai-ming Cui Nan-fei Xu Jia-ju Lu Ming Peng 《Plant Growth Regulation》2009,58(1):35-45
The aim of the investigation reported here was to assess the role of gibberellin in cotton fiber development. The results
of experiments in which the gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol (PAC) was tested on in vitro cultured cotton
ovules revealed that GA is critical in promoting cotton fiber development. Plant responses to GA are mediated by DELLA proteins.
A cotton nucleotide with high sequence homology to Arabidopsis thaliana
GAI (AtGAI) was identified from the GenBank database and analyzed with the BLAST program. The full-length cDNA was cloned from upland
cotton (Gossypium hirsutum, Gh) and sequenced. A comparison of the putative protein sequence of this cDNA with all Arabidopsis DELLA proteins indicated that GhRGL is a putative ortholog of AtRGL. Over-expression of this cDNA in Arabidopsis plants resulted in the dwarfed phenotype, and the degrees of dwarfism were related to the expression levels of GhRGL. The deletion of 17 amino acids, including the DELLA domain, resulted in the dominant dwarf phenotype, demonstrating that
GhRGL is a functional protein that affects plant growth. Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that GhRGL mRNA is highly expressed in the cotton ovule at the elongation stage, suggesting that GhRGL may play a regulatory role in cotton fiber elongation. 相似文献
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通过设置播期试验使棉纤维加厚发育过程(铃龄25~50 d)处于不同的温度条件下,研究低温对棉花纤维比强度形成的内在生理机制影响,为采取调控措施解决目前棉花(Gossypium)生产中存在的晚熟劣质问题提供理论依据。两年试验结果表明:棉纤维加厚发育期24.0 ℃左右的日均温是高强纤维形成的最佳温度,其内在生理机制表现为棉纤维蔗糖合成酶活性最高,β_1,3_葡聚糖酶活性最低,纤维素的累积量和累积速率均明显高于其它低温条件,纤维超分子结构取向参数角较小,处于优化状态,最终表现为纤维比强度亦最大;低于21.0 ℃时即对棉纤维加厚发育相关酶活性产生明显影响,纤维比强度降低。当温度降到15.0 ℃左右时,棉纤维蔗糖合成酶活性显著降低,而β-1,3_葡聚糖酶活性显著升高,同时纤维素累积量和累积速率均显著降低,纤维超分子结构取向参数角明显宽化,棉纤维不能正常发育,不利于高强纤维的形成(铃重仅为3.22 g,纤维比强度仅为15.73 cN·tex-1)。 相似文献
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Adding gelling agents to cotton ovule culture media leads to subtle changes in fiber development 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Barbara A. Triplett Damicca S. Johnson 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1999,35(3):265-270
Summary Young cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) ovules will produce fiber in vitro when floated on a defined culture medium. Our laboratory is interested in examining the
effects of altered gravity environments on fiber development as a model for the effects of gravity on cell expansion and cellulose
biosynthesis. Since liquid culture media are unsuitable for altered gravity experiments, addition of gelling agents to cotton
ovule culture media is necessary. In this study we have systematically examined the effects of four gelling agents at several
concentrations on fiber production in culture. A rapid screening method using toluidine blue O staining indicated that after
3 wk in culture, fiber growth on 0.15% (wt/vol) Phytagel™ medium was similar to fiber growth on liquid medium. More detailed
analysis of fiber development revealed that fiber length was not influenced by the addition of Phytagel™. Accumulation of
cellulose, however, was reduced 50–60% compared with fibers produced in liquid media after 3 wk in culture. The fiber cellulose
content rose with additional time in culture for both solid and liquid media treatments. By 4 wk in culture, the difference
in cellulose content of fiber cell walls grown on solid versus liquid media was less than 20%. This variance in growth response
on gelled media could be due to differences in media matric potential, to the immobility of ions trapped within the gel, or
to toxicity of contaminants copurifying with Phytagel™. By identifying why ovule growth and fiber cellulose biosynthesis are
reduced in cultures grown on gelled media, it will be possible to reveal new information about these processes in system that
is less complicated than physiological systems at the whole plant level.
Names of companies or commercial products are given solely for the purpose of providing specific information; their mention
does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over others not mentioned. 相似文献