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本通过对目前关于真核基因表达调控方面研究成果的综合分析,提出了真核基因转录的十种负调控机理,即竞争作用、复制作用、隔离作用、隐蔽作用、沉默作用、变构作用、修饰作用、锁合作用、反义作用及转座作用,并引证进行了初步讨论。 相似文献
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提出了以蜡状芽孢杆菌与金矿化作用及有机质、流体矿化系统协同演化作用机制,认为生物矿化作用是随着其他地质作用的发展而不断发展和演化的过程.阐述生物-蜡状芽孢杆菌、有机质、流体矿化及生物矿化作用演化机制,从而把构造演化与生物矿化作用结合起来研究.主要介绍有机流体的主要来源,着重探讨生物矿化作用子系统,其中包括活生物体的作用,有机质的作用及有机流体的相互作用机制. 相似文献
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室内研究结果表明,拟水狼蛛对白背飞虱的捕食作用小于拟环纹豹蛛,两种狼蛛种内种间均存在干扰作用,且主要表现为残杀作用,狼蛛密度越高,干扰作用越大;拟环纹豹蛛对拟水狼蛛的残杀作用大于对其身的残杀作用,拟水狼蛛只存在自相残杀作用,对拟环纹豹蛛无残杀作用。 相似文献
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植物能响应环境中的低温信号实现开花调控,这种经历低温促使植物开花的作用即为春化作用。本文结合国内外春化作用的研究进展,概述春化作用的发现和特点,阐述模式植物拟南芥及单子叶作物的春化作用分子机制,并举例说明春化作用在农业、园艺等方面的应用。 相似文献
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研究了顺铂与噪声联合作用对耳蜗的毒性,发现联合作用后听阈偏移大于单独顺铂作用后阈移和单独噪声作用后阈移的总和。此外,联合作用后听觉脑干诱发电位振幅下降非常明显。结果表明,顺铂与噪声联合作用对内耳的毒性有协同作用。 相似文献
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盐皮质激素的非基因组作用及其机制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
盐皮质激素(以醛固酮为代表)是调节机体水盐代谢的重要甾体激素,有着重要的生理、病理功能,阐明其作用机制具有重要的基础和临床意义.现已明确,醛固酮的作用有经典的基因组作用和快速的非基因组作用.关于前者,人们已有较多的评述,本文旨在综述近年来有关醛固酮非基因组作用及其可能分子机制的研究进展.目前的研究表明,醛固酮既可能通过膜受体,又可能通过核受体发挥快速非基因组作用.非基因组作用可以激活细胞内多种信号转导通路.另外,非基因组作用与基因组作用之间还存在整合和交互对话的途径. 相似文献
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In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980. 相似文献
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N. P. Vesselkin Yu. V. Natochin 《Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology》2010,46(6):592-603
Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms.
The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal
mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization
followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The
mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction
of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms
are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning
of physiological systems and organs of the living organism 相似文献