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1.
Blair MW Giraldo MC Buendía HF Tovar E Duque MC Beebe SE 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,113(1):100-109
A diversity survey was used to estimate allelic diversity and heterozygosity of 129 microsatellite markers in a panel of 44 common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes that have been used as parents of mapping populations. Two types of microsatellites were evaluated, based respectively on gene coding and genomic sequences. Genetic diversity was evaluated by estimating the polymorphism information content (PIC), as well as the distribution and range of alleles sizes. Gene-based microsatellites proved to be less polymorphic than genomic microsatellites in terms of both number of alleles (6.0 vs. 9.2) and PIC values (0.446 vs. 0.594) while greater size differences between the largest and the smallest allele were observed for the genomic microsatellites than for the gene-based microsatellites (31.4 vs. 19.1 bp). Markers that showed a high number of alleles were identified with a maximum of 28 alleles for the marker BMd1. The microsatellites were useful for distinguishing Andean and Mesoamerican genotypes, for uncovering the races within each genepool and for separating wild accessions from cultivars. Greater polymorphism and race structure was found within the Andean gene pool than within the Mesoamerican gene pool and polymorphism rate between genotypes was consistent with genepool and race identity. Comparisons between Andean genotypes had higher polymorphism (53.0%) on average than comparisons among Mesoamerican genotypes (33.4%). Within the Mesoamerican parental combinations, the intra-racial combinations between Mesoamerica and Durango or Jalisco race genotypes showed higher average rates of polymorphism (37.5%) than the within-race combinations between Mesoamerica race genotypes (31.7%). In multiple correspondance analysis we found two principal clusters of genotypes corresponding to the Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools and subgroups representing specific races especially for the Nueva Granada and Peru races of the Andean gene pool. Intra population diversity was higher within the Andean genepool than within the Mesoamerican genepool and this pattern was observed for both gene-based and genomic microsatellites. Furthermore, intra-population diversity within the Andean races (0.356 on average) was higher than within the Mesoamerican races (0.302). Within the Andean gene pool, race Peru had higher diversity compared to race Nueva Granada, while within the Mesoamerican gene pool, the races Durango, Guatemala and Jalisco had comparable levels of diversity which were below that of race Mesoamerica. 相似文献
2.
Matthew W. Blair Andrés J. Cortés R. Varma Penmetsa Andrew Farmer Noelia Carrasquilla-Garcia Doug R. Cook 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2013,126(2):535-548
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection has become a marker system of choice, because of the high abundance of source polymorphisms and the ease with which allele calls are automated. Various technologies exist for the evaluation of SNP loci and previously we validated two medium throughput technologies. In this study, our goal was to utilize a 768 feature, Illumina GoldenGate assay for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) developed from conserved legume gene sequences and to use the new technology for (1) the evaluation of parental polymorphisms in a mini-core set of common bean accessions and (2) the analysis of genetic diversity in the crop. A total of 736 SNPs were scored on 236 diverse common bean genotypes with the GoldenGate array. Missing data and heterozygosity levels were low and 94 % of the SNPs were scorable. With the evaluation of the parental polymorphism genotypes, we estimated the utility of the SNP markers in mapping for inter-genepool and intra-genepool populations, the latter being of lower polymorphism than the former. When we performed the diversity analysis with the diverse genotypes, we found Illumina GoldenGate SNPs to provide equivalent evaluations as previous gene-based SNP markers, but less fine-distinctions than with previous microsatellite marker analysis. We did find, however, that the gene-based SNPs in the GoldenGate array had some utility in race structure analysis despite the low polymorphism. Furthermore the SNPs detected high heterozygosity in wild accessions which was probably a reflection of ascertainment bias. The Illumina SNPs were shown to be effective in distinguishing between the genepools, and therefore were most useful in saturation of inter-genepool genetic maps. The implications of these results for breeding in common bean are discussed as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the GoldenGate system for SNP detection. 相似文献
3.
Matthew W. Blair Lucy M. Díaz Hector F. Buendía Myriam C. Duque 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,119(6):955-972
Cultivated common bean germplasm is especially diverse due to the parallel domestication of two genepools in the Mesoamerican
and Andean centers of diversity and introgression between these gene pools. Classification into morphological races has helped
to provide a framework for utilization of this cultivated germplasm. Meanwhile, core collections along with molecular markers
are useful tools for organizing and analyzing representative sets of these genotypes. In this study, we evaluated 604 accessions
from the CIAT core germplasm collection representing wide genetic variability from both primary and secondary centers of diversity
with a newly developed, fluorescent microsatellite marker set of 36 genomic and gene-based SSRs to determine molecular diversity
and with seed protein analysis to determine phaseolin alleles. The entire collection could be divided into two genepools and
five predominant races with the division between the Mesoamerica race and the Durango–Jalisco group showing strong support
within the Mesoamerican genepool and the Nueva Granada and Peru races showing less diversity overall and some between-group
admixture within the Andean genepool. The Chile race could not be distinguished within the Andean genepool but there was support
for the Guatemala race within the Mesoamerican genepool and this race was unique in its high level of diversity and distance
from other Mesoamerican races. Based on this population structure, significant associations were found between SSR loci and
seed size characteristics, some on the same linkage group as the phaseolin locus, which previously had been associated with
seed size, or in other regions of the genome. In conclusion, this study has shown that common bean has very significant population
structure that can help guide the construction of genetic crosses that maximize diversity as well as serving as a basis for
additional association studies. 相似文献
4.
I. N. Wagara A. W. Mwang'ombe J. W. Kimenju R. A. Buruchara R. Jamnadass P. A. O. Majiwa 《Journal of Phytopathology》2004,152(4):235-242
Genetic diversity of 50 Phaeoisariopsis griseola isolates collected from different agroecological zones in Kenya was studied using group‐specific primers and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Group‐specific primers differentiated the isolates into Andean and Mesoamerican groups, corresponding to the two common‐bean gene pools. Significant polymorphisms were observed with all the AFLP primer combinations used, reflecting a wide genetic diversity in the P. griseola population. A total of 207 fingerprints was generated, of which 178 were polymorphic. Cluster analysis of the polymorphic bands also separated the isolates into the two groups defined by group‐specific primers. All the isolates examined were grouped into three virulence populations; Andean, Afro‐Andean and Mesoamerican, and their genetic diversity measured. On average, greater diversity (91%) was detected within populations than between populations (9%). The genetic distance between Andean and Mesoamerican populations was higher (D = 0.0269) than between Andean and Afro‐Andean (D = 0.0095). The wide genetic diversity reported here has significant implications in breeding for resistance to angular leaf spot and should be taken into consideration when screening and deploying resistant bean genotypes. 相似文献
5.
Díaz LM Blair MW 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,114(1):143-154
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars are distinguished morphologically, agronomically and ecologically into specific races within each of the two gene pools found for the species (Andean and Mesoamerican). The objective of this study was to describe the race structure of the Mesoamerican gene pool using microsatellite markers. A total of 60 genotypes previously described as pertaining to specific Mesoamerican races as well as two Andean control genotypes were analyzed with 52 markers. A total of 267 bands were generated with an average of 5.1 alleles per marker and 0.297 heterozygosity across all microsatellites. Correspondence analysis identified two major groups equivalent to the Mesoamerica race and a group containing both Durango and Jalisco race genotypes. Two outlying individuals were classified as potentially of the Guatemala race although this race does not have a defined structure and previously classified members of this race were classified with other races. Population structure analysis with K = 1–4 agreed with this classification. The genetic diversity based on Nei’s index for the entire set of genotypes was 0.468 while this was highest for the Durango–Jalisco group (0.414), intermediate for race Mesoamerica (0.340) and low for race Guatemala (0.262). Genetic differentiation (G
ST) between the Mesoamerican races was 0.27 while genetic distance and identity showed race Durango and Jalisco individuals to be closely related with high gene flow (N
m) both between these two races (1.67) and between races Durango and Mesoamerica (1.58). Observed heterozygosity was low in all the races as would be expected for an inbreeding species. The analysis with microsatellite markers identified subgroups, which agreed well with commercial class divisions, and seed size was the main distinguishing factor between the two major groups identified.Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献
6.
Microsatellite characterization of Andean races of common bean (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Phaseolus vulgaris</Emphasis> L.) 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Blair MW Díaz JM Hidalgo R Díaz LM Duque MC 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,116(1):29-43
The Andean gene pool of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has high levels of morphological diversity in terms of seed color and size, growth habit and agro-ecological adaptation, but previously was characterized by low levels of molecular marker diversity. Three races have been described within the Andean gene pool: Chile, Nueva Granada and Peru. The objective of this study was to characterize a collection of 123 genotypes representing Andean bean diversity with 33 microsatellite markers that have been useful for characterizing race structure in common beans. The genotypes were from both the primary center of origin as well as secondary centers of diversity to which Andean beans spread and represented all three races of the gene pool. In addition we evaluated a collection of landraces from Colombia to determine if the Nueva Granada and Peru races could be distinguished in genotypes from the northern range of the primary center. Multiple correspondence analyses of the Andean race representatives identified two predominant groups corresponding to the Nueva Granada and Peru races. Some of the Chile race representatives formed a separate group but several that had been defined previously as from this race grouped with the other races. Gene flow was more notable between Nueva Granada and Peru races than between these races and the Chile race. Among the Colombian genotypes, the Nueva Granada and Peru races were identified and introgression between these two races was especially notable. The genetic diversity within the Colombian genotypes was high, reaffirming the importance of this region as an important source of germplasm. Results of this study suggest that the morphological classification of all climbing beans as Peru race genotypes and all bush beans as Nueva Granada race genotypes is erroneous and that growth habit traits have been mixed in both races, requiring a re-adjustment in the concept of morphological races in Andean beans. 相似文献
7.
Mingli Chen Jing Wu Lanfeng Wang Xiaoyan Zhang Matthew W. Blair Jizeng Jia Shumin Wang 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2014,33(2):489-496
Microsatellite or single sequence repeat (SSR) markers have been commonly used in genetic research in many crop species, including common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). A limited number of existing SSR markers have been designed from high-throughput sequencing of the genome, warranting the exploitation of new SSR markers from genomic regions. In this paper, we sequenced total DNA from the genotype Hong Yundou with a 454-FLX pyrosequencer and found numerous SSR loci. Based on these, a large number of SSR markers were developed and 90 genomic-SSR markers with clear bands were tested for mapping and diversity detection. The new SSR markers proved to be highly polymorphic for molecular polymorphism, with an average polymorphism information content value of 0.44 in 131 Chinese genotypes and breeding lines, effective for distinguishing Andean and Mesoamerican genotypes. In addition, we integrated 85 primers of the 90 polymorphism markers into the bean map using an F2 segregating population derived from Hong Yundou crossed with Jingdou. The distribution of SSR markers among 11 chromosomes was not random and tended to cluster on the linkage map, with 14 new markers mapped on chromosome Pv01, whereas only four loci were located on chromosome Pv04. Overall, these new markers have potential for genetic mapping, genetic diversity studies and map-based cloning in common bean. 相似文献
8.
A. Maquet I. Zoro Bi M. Delvaux B. Wathelet J.-P. Baudoin 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(5-6):980-991
Genetic diversity and structure within a Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) base collection have been evaluated using allozyme markers. The results obtained from the analysis of wild and cultivated
accessions confirm the existence of Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools characterised by specific alleles. Wild and cultivated
accessions of the same gene pool are grouped. The Andean natural populations have a very limited geographic distribution between
Ecuador and northern Peru. The Mesoamerican wild form extends from Mexico up to Argentina through the eastern side of the
Andes. Andean and Mesoamerican cultivated accessions of pantropical distribution contribute substantially to the genetic diversity
of the Lima bean base collection. Population genetic parameters, estimated from allozymes, confirmed the predominant selfing
mating system of the Lima bean. The selfing mating system, the occurrence of small populations, and low gene flow lead to
an interpopulation gene diversity (DST=0.235) higher than the intrapopulation gene diversity (HS=0.032). On the basis of the results, guidelines are given to preserve and exploit the genetic diversity of this threatened
species. The results also confirm the independent domestication of the Lima bean in at least two centres, one of which is
located at medium elevation in the western valleys of Ecuador and northern Peru.
Received: 3 June 1997 / Accepted: 17 June 1997 相似文献
9.
María De La Fuente Ana M. González Antonio M. De Ron Marta Santalla 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2013,31(3):501-516
Most studies on the genetic diversity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) have focussed on accessions from the Mesoamerican gene pool compared to the Andean gene pool. A deeper knowledge of the genetic structure of Argentinian germplasm would enable researchers to determine how the Andean domestication event affected patterns of genetic diversity in domesticated beans and to identify candidates for genes targeted by selection during the evolution of the cultivated common bean. A collection of 116 wild and domesticated accessions representing the diversity of the Andean bean in Argentina was genotyped by means of 114 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Forty-seven Mesoamerican bean accessions and 16 Andean bean accessions representing the diversity of Andean landraces and wild accessions were also included. Using the Bayesian algorithm implemented in the software STRUCTURE we identified five major groups that correspond to Mesoamerican and Argentinian wild accessions and landraces and a group that corresponds to accessions from different Andean and Mesoamerican countries. The neighbour-joining algorithm and principal coordinate clustering analysis confirmed the genetic relationships among accessions observed with the STRUCTURE analysis. Argentinian accessions showed a substantial genetic variation with a considerable number of unique haplotypes and private alleles, suggesting that they may have played an important role in the evolution of the species. The results of statistical analyses aimed at identifying genomic regions with consistent patterns of variation were significant for 35 loci (~20 % of the SSRs used in the Argentinian accessions). One of these loci mapped in or near the genomic region of the glutamate decarboxylase gene. Our data characterize the population structure of the Argentinian germplasm. This information on its diversity will be very valuable for use in introgressing Argentinian genes into commercial varieties because the majority of present-day common bean varieties are of Andean origin. 相似文献
10.
Asrat Asfaw Matthew W. Blair Conny Almekinders 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,120(1):1-12
The East African highlands are a region of important common bean production and high varietal diversity for the crop. The
objective of this study was to uncover the diversity and population structure of 192 landraces from Ethiopia and Kenya together
with four genepool control genotypes using morphological phenotyping and microsatellite marker genotyping. The germplasm represented
different common bean production ecologies and seed types common in these countries. The landraces showed considerable diversity
that corresponded well to the two recognized genepools (Andean and Mesoamerican) with little introgression between these groups.
Mesoamerican genotypes were predominant in Ethiopia while Andean genotypes were predominant in Kenya. Within each country,
landraces from different collection sites were clustered together indicating potential gene flow between regions within Kenya
or within Ethiopia. Across countries, landraces from the same country of origin tended to cluster together indicating distinct
germplasm at the national level and limited gene flow between the two countries highlighting divided social networks within
the regions and a weak trans-national bean seed exchange especially for landrace varieties. One exception to this may be the
case of small red-seeded beans where informal cross-border grain trade occurs. We also observed that genetic divergence was
slightly higher for the Ethiopian landraces compared to Kenyan landraces and that Mesoamerican genotypes were more diverse
than the Andean genotypes. Common beans in eastern Africa are often cultivated in marginal, risk-prone farming systems and
the observed landrace diversity should provide valuable alleles for adaptation to stressful environments in future breeding
programs in the region. 相似文献
11.
Marília Lobo Burle Jaime Roberto Fonseca James A. Kami Paul Gepts 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2010,121(5):801-813
Brazil is the largest producer and consumer of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), which is the most important source of human dietary protein in that country. This study assessed the genetic diversity and the structure of a sample of 279 geo-referenced common bean landraces from Brazil, using molecular markers. Sixty-seven microsatellite markers spread over the 11 linkage groups of the common bean genome, as well as Phaseolin, PvTFL1y, APA and four SCAR markers were used. As expected, the sample showed lower genetic diversity compared to the diversity in the primary center of diversification. Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools were both present but the latter gene pool was four times more frequent than the former. The two gene pools could be clearly distinguished; limited admixture was observed between these groups. The Mesoamerican group consisted of two sub-populations, with a high level of admixture between them leading to a large proportion of stabilized hybrids not observed in the centers of domestication. Thus, Brazil can be considered a secondary center of diversification of common bean. A high degree of genome-wide multilocus associations even among unlinked loci was observed, confirming the high level of structure in the sample and suggesting that association mapping should be conducted in separate Andean and Mesoamerican Brazilian samples. 相似文献
12.
Structure of genetic diversity in the two major gene pools of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., Fabaceae) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Myounghai Kwak Paul Gepts 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,118(5):979-992
Domesticated materials with well-known wild relatives provide an experimental system to reveal how human selection during
cultivation affects genetic composition and adaptation to novel environments. In this paper, our goal was to elucidate how
two geographically distinct domestication events modified the structure and level of genetic diversity in common bean. Specifically,
we analyzed the genome-wide genetic composition at 26, mostly unlinked microsatellite loci in 349 accessions of wild and domesticated
common bean from the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools. Using a model-based approach, implemented in the software STRUCTURE,
we identified nine wild or domesticated populations in common bean, including four of Andean and four of Mesoamerican origins.
The ninth population was the putative wild ancestor of the species, which was classified as a Mesoamerican population. A neighbor-joining
analysis and a principal coordinate analysis confirmed genetic relationships among accessions and populations observed with
the STRUCTURE analysis. Geographic and genetic distances in wild populations were congruent with the exception of a few putative
hybrids identified in this study, suggesting a predominant effect of isolation by distance. Domesticated common bean populations
possessed lower genetic diversity, higher F
ST, and generally higher linkage disequilibrium (LD) than wild populations in both gene pools; their geographic distributions
were less correlated with genetic distance, probably reflecting seed-based gene flow after domestication. The LD was reduced
when analyzed in separate Andean and Mesoamerican germplasm samples. The Andean domesticated race Nueva Granada had the highest
F
ST value and widest geographic distribution compared to other domesticated races, suggesting a very recent origin or a selection
event, presumably associated with a determinate growth habit, which predominates in this race.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
13.
Thiago Lívio P. O. Souza Everaldo G. de Barros Claudia M. Bellato Eun-Young Hwang Perry B. Cregan Marcial A. Pastor-Corrales 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2012,30(1):419-428
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were discovered in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) via resequencing of sequence-tagged sites (STSs) developed by PCR primers previously designed to soybean shotgun and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) end sequences, and by primers designed to common bean genes and microsatellite flanking regions. DNA fragments harboring SNPs were identified in single amplicons from six contrasting P. vulgaris genotypes of the Andean (Jalo EEP 558, G 19833, and AND 277) and Mesoamerican (BAT 93, DOR 364, and Rudá) gene pools. These genotypes are the parents of three common bean recombinant inbred line mapping populations. From an initial set of 1,880 PCR primer pairs tested, 265 robust STSs were obtained, which could be sequenced in each one of the six common bean genotypes. In the resulting 131,120?bp of aligned sequence, a total of 677 SNPs were identified, including 555 single-base changes (295 transitions and 260 transversions) and 122 small nucleotide insertions/deletions (indels). The frequency of SNPs was 5.16 SNPs/kb and the mean nucleotide diversity, expressed as Halushka??s theta, was 0.00226. This work represents one of the first efforts aimed at detecting SNPs in P. vulgaris. The SNPs identified should be an important resource for common bean geneticists and breeders for quantitative trait locus discovery, marker-assisted selection, and map-based cloning. These SNPS will be also useful for diversity analysis and microsynteny studies among legume species. 相似文献
14.
Development, characterization, and comparative analysis of polymorphism at common bean SSR loci isolated from genic and genomic sources. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Luiz Ricardo Hanai Tatiana de Campos Luis Eduardo Aranha Camargo Luciana Lasry Benchimol Anete Pereira de Souza Maeli Melotto Sérgio Augusto Moraes Carbonell Alisson Fernando Chioratto Luciano Consoli Eduardo Fernando Formighieri Marcos Vinícius Bohrer Monteiro Siqueira Siu Mui Tsai Maria Lucia Carneiro Vieira 《Génome》2007,50(3):266-277
Microsatellites or SSRs (single sequence repeats) have been used to construct and integrate genetic maps in crop species, including Phaseolus vulgaris. In the present study, 3 cDNA libraries generated by the Bean EST project (http://lgm.esalq.usp.br/BEST/), comprising a unigene collection of 3126 sequences and a genomic microsatellite-enriched library, were analyzed for the presence of SSRs. A total of 219 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were found to carry 240 SSRs (named EST-SSR), whereas 714 genomic sequences contained 471 SSRs (named genomic-SSR). A subset of 80 SSRs, 40 EST-SSRs, and 40 genomic-SSRs were evaluated for molecular polymorphism in 23 genotypes of cultivated beans from the Mesoamerican and Andean genetic pools, including Brazilian cultivars and 2 related species. Of the common bean genotypes, 31 EST-SSR loci were polymorphic, yielding 2-12 alleles as compared with 26 polymorphic genomic-SSRs, accounting for 2-7 alleles. Cluster analysis from data using both genic and genomic-SSR revealed a clear separation between Andean and Mesoamerican beans. The usefulness of these loci for distinguishing bean genotypes and genetic mapping is discussed. 相似文献
15.
Matthew W. Blair Alejandro Chaves Adriana Tofiño Juan Felipe Calderón Juan Diego Palacio 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2010,120(7):1381-1391
Common bean can be grown as a grain crop (dry beans) or as a fresh vegetable (snap beans/green beans), both items being important
in nutritional terms for providing essential minerals and vitamins to the diet. Snap beans are thought to be derived predominantly
from dry beans of the Andean genepool and to be of a recent European origin; however, the existence of Mesoamerican genepool
characteristics especially in traditional indeterminate growth habit snap beans indicates a wider origin. The objective of
this study was to evaluate genetic diversity within a set of 120 indeterminate (pole type) snap beans and 7 control genotypes
representing each genepool using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat or microsatellite
(SSR) markers. The genotypes were predominantly from Asia, Europe and the United States but included some varieties from Latin
America and Africa. AFLP polymorphism ranged from 53.2 to 67.7% while SSR polymorphism averaged 95.3% for the 32 fluorescent
and 11 non-fluorescent markers evaluated and total expected heterozygosity was higher for SSR markers (0.521) than for AFLP
markers (0.209). Both marker systems grouped the genotypes into two genepools with Andean and Mesoamerican controls, respectively,
with the Mesoamerican group being predominant in terms of the number of genotypes assigned to this genepool. Phaseolin alleles
were not tightly associated with genepool assignment indicating that introgression of this locus had occurred between the
genepools, especially with phaseolin “S” in the Andean group (23.5%) and phaseolins “T” and “C” in the Mesoamerican group
(12.2 and 8.2%, respectively). The implications of these results on the origin of pole type snap beans and on breeding strategies
for this horticultural crop are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Allozyme evidence supporting southwestern Europe as a secondary center of genetic diversity for the common bean 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Santalla M Rodiño P De Ron M 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2002,104(6-7):934-944
Genetic diversity within a common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) collection, comprising 343 accessions from the Iberian Peninsula, was examined using six allozyme markers. Two major clusters corresponding to the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools were identified. Both gene pools were characterized by specific alleles, with the former exhibiting Skdh(100), Me(100), Rbcs(100 or 98) and Diap-1(100), and the latter exhibiting Skdh(103), Me(100), Rbcs(100) and Diap-1(95). Some accessions from both clusters, deviating from these allozyme patterns, exhibited Skdh(100), Me(100), Rbcs(100) and Diap-1(95) or Skdh(103), Me(100), Rbcs(100) and Diap-1(100) allozyme profiles and were considered as putative hybrids.The levels of genetic variation has not been eroded since the introduction of the common bean from the American centers of domestication to the Iberian Peninsula. Instead, obvious signs of introgression between the two gene pools were observed, mainly among white-seeded genotypes. The intermediate forms adapted to the Iberian Peninsula could have emerged from initial recombination between Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools. The Iberian common bean germplasm is therefore more complex than previously thought, and contains additional diversity that remains to be explored for genetic and breeding purposes. The Iberian Peninsula could be considered as a secondary center of genetic diversity of the common bean, especially the large white-seeded genotypes. 相似文献
17.
Tania Gioia Giuseppina Logozzo Giovanna Attene Elisa Bellucci Stefano Benedettelli Valeria Negri Roberto Papa Pierluigi Spagnoletti Zeuli 《PloS one》2013,8(10)
Common bean diversity within and between Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools was compared in 89 landraces from America and 256 landraces from Europe, to elucidate the effects of bottleneck of introduction and selection for adaptation during the expansion of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Europe. Thirteen highly polymorphic nuclear microsatellite markers (nuSSRs) were used to complement chloroplast microsatellite (cpSSRs) and nuclear markers (phaseolin and Pv-shatterproof1) data from previous studies. To verify the extent of the introduction bottleneck, inter-gene pool hybrids were distinguished from “pure” accessions. Hybrids were identified on the basis of recombination of gene pool specific cpSSR, phaseolin and Pv-shatterproof1 markers with a Bayesian assignments based on nuSSRs, and with STRUCTURE admixture analysis. More hybrids were detected than previously, and their frequency was almost four times larger in Europe (40.2%) than in America (12.3%). The genetic bottleneck following the introduction into Europe was not evidenced in the analysis including all the accessions, but it was significant when estimated only with “pure” accessions, and five times larger for Mesoamerican than for Andean germplasm. The extensive inter-gene pool hybridization generated a large amount of genotypic diversity that mitigated the effects of the bottleneck that occurred when common bean was introduced in Europe. The implication for evolution and the advantages for common bean breeding are discussed. 相似文献
18.
An investigation was made of the phylogenetic relationships among wild accessions of Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) and wild allies of Mesoamerican and Andean origins, using electrophoresis of seed storage proteins and isozymes. Mesoamerican wild species are phylogenetically more distant fromP. lunatus than Andean species, and apparently belong to the tertiary gene pool of Lima bean. The Andean wild species, which are investigated for the first time, reveal a high similarity to the Lima bean, and particularly with its Mesoamerican gene pool. These Andean species probably constitute a secondary gene pool of Lima bean, and are thus of considerable interest in the context of genetic improvement of the crop. Based on these observations, an Andean origin is suggested for the Andean wild species and forP. lunatus. These results point out the importance of collecting and conserving AndeanPhaseolus germplasm. 相似文献
19.
P. S. Vidigal Filho M. C. Gonçalves-Vidigal J. D. Kelly W. W. Kirk 《Journal of Phytopathology》2007,155(2):108-113
Pathogenicity of physiologically distinct races of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum originating from Andean (races 7, 19 and 55) and Mesoamerican (races 9, 31, 65, 69, 73, 81, 89, 95 and 453) locations of the new world were evaluated on 26 landrace genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from Paraná State, Brazil. Races 7 (Andean), 65, 73 and 89 (Mesoamerican) were the most pathogenic, while race 31 (Mesoamerican) was the least pathogenic. Most of the landrace genotypes evaluated (88%) were resistant to race 31, except Carioca 3, Preto 1 and Preto 2. In addition, about 50% of the landrace genotypes had resistance to races 9, 19, 55 and 453; and about 30% to races 7, 65, 69, 73, 81, 89 and 95. The resistance index, which measured the pathogenicity response averaged across all the physiologically distinct Andean and Mesoamerican races of C. lindemuthianum, of the landrace genotypes ranged from 8% to 83%. The most resistant cultivars were Carioca Pintado 1, Carioca Pintado 2, Jalo Vermelho and Jalo de Listras Pretas. In contrast, the most susceptible cultivars were Jalo Pardo, Jalo Pintado 1 and Bolinha that showed resistance only to the least pathogenic race 31. These results indicated that many of the common bean landrace cultivars evaluated have genes that could be useful in breeding programmes to enhance resistance to Andean and Mesoamerican races of C. lindemuthianum. 相似文献
20.
C. Plomion J. Bartholomé I. Lesur C. Boury I. Rodríguez‐Quilón H. Lagraulet F. Ehrenmann L. Bouffier J. M. Gion D. Grivet M. de Miguel N. de María M. T. Cervera F. Bagnoli F. Isik G. G. Vendramin S. C. González‐Martínez 《Molecular ecology resources》2016,16(2):574-587
Maritime pine provides essential ecosystem services in the south‐western Mediterranean basin, where it covers around 4 million ha. Its scattered distribution over a range of environmental conditions makes it an ideal forest tree species for studies of local adaptation and evolutionary responses to climatic change. Highly multiplexed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping arrays are increasingly used to study genetic variation in living organisms and for practical applications in plant and animal breeding and genetic resource conservation. We developed a 9k Illumina Infinium SNP array and genotyped maritime pine trees from (i) a three‐generation inbred (F2) pedigree, (ii) the French breeding population and (iii) natural populations from Portugal and the French Atlantic coast. A large proportion of the exploitable SNPs (2052/8410, i.e. 24.4%) segregated in the mapping population and could be mapped, providing the densest ever gene‐based linkage map for this species. Based on 5016 SNPs, natural and breeding populations from the French gene pool exhibited similar level of genetic diversity. Population genetics and structure analyses based on 3981 SNP markers common to the Portuguese and French gene pools revealed high levels of differentiation, leading to the identification of a set of highly differentiated SNPs that could be used for seed provenance certification. Finally, we discuss how the validated SNPs could facilitate the identification of ecologically and economically relevant genes in this species, improving our understanding of the demography and selective forces shaping its natural genetic diversity, and providing support for new breeding strategies. 相似文献