History of a model

This paper refers us to the mid-1960s, when mechanisms of the animal rhythmic activity were vividly discussed and the concept of “generator of rhythm” was formulated. Since at that time the device of the generator of rhythm was understood very poorly, Menshutkin, Sviderskii, and Umnov, by the example of an insect (locust), attempted to create the first mathematical model generating rhythm of the flight. Why the interest in such model arose, how the model was created, and what the result of it was has been described in this paper.     

History of neurophysiology in Japan.

The progress of the neurophysiological research in Japan during the past 45 years is related. Modern Japanese neurophysiology started immediately after the end of World War 2. The introduction of microelectrode techniques contributed greatly to most fields of Japanese neurophysiology. These techniques were used to study most neurophysiological phenomena: sensory physiology including vision, audition, chemical sensitivity, and other modalities; learning and memory. These techniques plus lesions, transplants, and behavioral physiology were used to study circadian rhythm, posture and motor control, and sex. These and other techniques were used to study neural plasticity, immunity, membrane excitability, pain and other psychophysiological functions. The disciplines advanced quickly into multidiscipline approaches into not only electrophysiological, but biophysical, biochemical and immunological research fields. From the past research results our neurophysiologists can be expected to advance rapidly toward further development in the future of Japanese neurophysiology.