月腺大戟根中乙酰基间苯三酚衍生物

从月腺大戟（Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata)根中分离出一种新的二苯甲烷化合物－双去甲基伪绵马素－AA和2,4－二羟基－6－甲氧基－3－甲基苯乙酮,并用光谱和化学方法确定前者的结构为3,3－二乙酰基－4,4－二甲氧基－2。25,6－四羟基二苯甲烷     

月腺大戟(Euphorbia ebracteolata)根部提取物抑菌作用的测定

以小麦赤霉病病菌（Fusarium graminerum）、油菜菌核病病菌（Sclerotirda scleotiorum）、棉花黄萎病病菌（Verticillium dahliae）、苹果炭疽病病菌（Glomarella cingulata）、甜瓜蔓枯病病菌（Mycosphaerella melonis）为供试病原菌,采用琼胶平板法对月腺大戟根部丙酮提取物进行了离体抑菌活性测定;月腺大戟根部提取物样品供试质量浓度分别设为0．05g／mL,0．1g／mL,0．2g／mL．0．4g／mL四个梯度。测定结果表明：不同浓度月腺大戟根部丙酮提取物对5种供试病原菌均表现为很强的抑菌作用,该研究为月腺大戟根部进一步开发植物性农药提供理论依据。     

月腺大戟根中有效成分的研究

本文对月腺大戟(中药材名“狼毒”)根中化学成分进行了研究。采用氧化铝层析法从酸醇提取物中分离出7个结晶成分,其中晶Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、对结核菌有抑菌作用。根据紫外、红外、质谱、核磁的测定,晶Ⅰ为二十八烷酸,晶Ⅱ为胡萝卜甙,晶Ⅲ为β-谷甾醇,晶Ⅳ为双[5-甲酰基-糠基]-醚,晶Ⅴ为三萜酸,晶Ⅵ为2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-苯乙酮,晶Ⅶ为2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基3-甲基-1-苯乙酮-2-β-葡萄糖甙。首次对从该植物中分离的晶Ⅳ结构进行了鉴定。该植物提取物对结核治疗有明显疗效。     

月腺大戟根总黄酮对尖孢镰刀菌抑制作用的研究

采用生长速率法和孢子萌发法分别测定月腺大戟根总黄酮对尖孢镰刀菌菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发的抑制率,显微观察总黄酮处理尖孢镰刀菌后菌丝体形态结构的变化,并测定菌丝体相对电导率,菌丝体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性。结果表明:月腺大戟根总黄酮对尖孢镰刀菌菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发均有显著的抑制作用,抑制率随总黄酮浓度增加而增高,20 mg/L时抑制率达100%。总黄酮处理后的尖孢镰刀菌菌丝较细,分支减少,透明度差,液泡数量增多且形成较大的液泡;菌丝体细胞膜透性增加,SOD、CAT活性呈先上升后下降的趋势。以上实验结果可为植物病害生物防治及开发植物源农药方面提供理论依据和实验技术。     

正交实验优选月腺大戟根总黄酮的提取工艺

目的：研究月腺大戟根中总黄酮类化合物的提取工艺,为研发新型植物源农药提供理论基础。方法：采用索氏提取法对月腺大戟根总黄酮进行提取,以乙醇体积分数、提取时间、提取温度、料液比为实验因素,以提取的总黄酮含量为指标,对提取工艺进行考察,确定最佳提取条件。结果和结论：根总黄酮提取的优化条件为：提取时间2h,提取温度70℃,料液比1：40,乙醇浓度50％;影响提取的主次顺序为：料液比〉提取时间〉乙醇浓度〉提取温度;其中料液比和提取时间是影响根总黄酮提取效果的显著因素。     

大戟内生菌的抑菌活性及其与宿主相关性研究

为了开发利用药用植物的内生菌资源,以大戟和其内生真菌作为材料,以一株乌桕来源的内生菌作为对照,研究自身具有抑菌作用的药用植物的内生菌在抑菌作用上和宿主的相关性.结果表明,大戟内生菌镰刀菌E5有抑制宿主受试病原菌的作用,并在活植物体内表现出对受试病原菌的拮抗作用;其抑菌能力受宿主成分刺激而加强,而宿主成分对受试病原菌无抑制作用,乌桕来源的内生菌链隔孢S12无抑制受试病原菌的作用.内生菌E5需要在氧气充足条件下培养才能产生抑菌作用,抑菌活性最大产生时间和生物量最大值不同时出现.内生菌E5的抑菌能力受到pH、温度、紫外线影响.大戟内生菌E以上特点,体现了其与宿主之间的互惠共生关系.     

月腺大戟根中有效成分乙素和丙素的结构研究

本文主要报道从月腺大戟(Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata)根中分离出的对结核菌有抑制作用的晶Ⅵ(乙素)和晶Ⅶ(丙素)的化学结构。经化学反应及光谱鉴定,确定晶Ⅵ为2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基-3-甲基-苯乙酮,晶Ⅶ为2-羟基-6-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-苯乙酮-4-6-葡萄糖甙。乙素为首次分离的天然产物,丙素为新的化合物。该植物提取物对结核病有明显疗效。     

58种植物提取液对葡萄霜霉病菌的抑菌活性筛选研究

通过 5 8种植物提取液对葡萄霜霉病菌 (Plasmoparaviticola)的游动孢子囊萌发抑制率及接种叶圆盘的发病控制效果的研究 ,表明 :虎耳草 (ChlorisvirgataSwartz) ,黄檀 (DalbergiahuoeanaHance) ,马尾松 (PinusmassonianaLarmb .) ,牡丹 (Paeoniasuffruticosa) ,刺槐 (RobiniapseudoacciaL .) 5种植物提取液对葡萄霜霉病有抑菌效果 ,对游动孢子囊萌发抑制率分别为 :84 70 %、87 5 2 %、88 4 6 %、83 78%、83 15 % ,而叶圆盘生测结果 ,其发病率均为 0级 ,该效果和目前常用药剂波尔多液的效果等同 ,有的还优于对照。该研究为开发植物源控制葡萄霜霉病杀菌剂奠定了基础。     

鲤鱼鱼精蛋白的提取及抑菌活性研究

以鲤鱼的成熟精巢为原料,经0.15 mol/L NaCl溶液浸提,硫酸解离,并分别经乙醇、丙酮分离提取鱼精蛋白。测定了鱼精蛋白对细菌和真菌的最低抑制浓度以及在不同pH条件下的抑菌特性,试验结果表明鱼精蛋白具有较好的热稳定性,与EDTA复合使用可以增强抑菌效果,在酱油中可以代替苯甲酸的防腐作用。     

西沙群岛海滨大戟化学成分研究CSCD

为研究西沙群岛产海滨大戟Euphorbia atoto的化学成分组成及其药用价值,采用硅胶、Rp-18和Sephadex LH-20凝胶等柱色谱从海滨大戟乙醇提取物中分离纯化得到18个化合物,运用现代波谱学技术鉴定化合物结构为(+)-6-oxocinnamolide(1)、6β-羟基肉桂内酯(2)、山柰酚(3)、6,9-环氧-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3-醇(4)、4α,4β,14α-三甲基-9β,19-西利奥普尼-3,20-二酮(5)、sikkimenoid F(6)、(3β,24 R)-3-(acetyloxy)eupha-7,25-dien-24-ol(7)、olibanumol J(8)、myricarin B(9)、aurantiamide acetate(10)、viscumamide(11)、N-苯甲酰基苯丙炔-N-苯甲酰基苯丙氨酸(12)、scopoletin(13)、corchoionol C(14)、吲哚-3-甲酸甲酯(15)、3ξ-(1ξ-羟基)-7-羟基-1-苯并异呋喃酮(16)、对羟基苯甲醛(17)和9,10-二羟基十八烷酸(18)。18个化合物均为首次从海滨大戟中分离得到,除化合物10、13、14和17外,其他化合物均为首次在大戟属分离得到,其中化合物1为新天然产物。活性筛选发现2具有抑制LPS诱导小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW 264.7产生NO的活性,IC_(50)为24.81±1.58μmol/L(阳性对照槲皮素IC_(50)为15.23±0.65μmol/L)。     

Studies on Active Constituents of Root of Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata Euphorbiaceae

Seven crystalline constituents were obtained from acidic alcoholic extract of root of Euphorbia ebracteolata. They were identified as octacosanoic acid, daucosterol, β-sitosterol, bis (5-formyl-furfuryl)-ether (Ⅳ), a triterpenic acid, 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxyl-3-methyl-acetoph-enone (Ⅵ) and 2-β-glucoside of (Ⅵ) respectively. Three of them (Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ) revealed inhibitory effect against tuberculous bacillus..In this paper, the authors reported identification of compound Ⅳ which was found in this plant first time. Its extract has a remarkable effect for the treatment of tuberculosis.     

New Rosane Diterpenoids and Their Analogs from Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata

Phytochemical investigation of the roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata resulted in the isolation of three new rosane diterpenoids, euphebracteolatins C–E ( 1 – 3 ), along with fourteen known analogs ( 4 – 17 ). Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis including HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR. Euphebracteolatin C ( 1 ) contains a C-1/C-10 double bond and a keto group at C-7, and euphebracteolatins D and E ( 2 – 3 ) possess an aromatic ring-A in their skeleton. The plausible biogenetic pathways of all the isolates were also proposed. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 9 showed selective cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells with IC₅₀ values of 14.29 and 12.33 μM, respectively, and 2 – 3 displayed moderate cytotoxicity against three human cancer lines, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 23.69 to 39.25 μM.     

Three new diterpenes with cytotoxic activity from the roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata

From the roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata, three new diterpenes, Ebracteolatas A–C, based on the rosane (1–2) and lathyrane (3) skeleton, were isolated together with four known ones (4–7). Their structures and relative configurations were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods, especially 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1, 6, and 7 exhibited moderate cytotoxic effects against five cancer cell lines.     

Cytotoxic ent-Abietane-type diterpenoids from the roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata

Euphoroids A–C (1–3), three new ent-abietane-type diterpenoids, together with ten known analogues (4–13) were obtained from the roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata. The structures of these compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic data analysis, including UV, HRESIMS, 1D-, and 2D-NMR data. The inhibitory effects of compounds 1–13 on human cancer cells were determined using the MTT assay. The results revealed that new compounds 2 and 3 showed moderate cytotoxic activities against human cancer cell lines. Especially, compound 3 displayed selective cytotoxic effect agains cancer cell lines.     

Diterpenoids from the roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata and their anti-tuberculosis effects

Euphorbia ebracteolata was a natural medicine for the treatment of tuberculosis. The present work has performed the investigation of bioactive chemical substances from the roots of E. ebracteolata. Using various chromatographic techniques, 15 compounds were obtained from the roots of E. ebracteolata. On the basis of widely spectroscopic data analyses, the isolated compounds were determined to be diterpenoids, including rosane derivatives (1–12), isopimarane (13), abietane (14), and lathyrane (15), among which compounds 1–4, and 9 were undescribed previously. The inhibitory effects of isolated diterpenoids against Mycobacterium tuberculosis were evaluated using an Alamar blue cell viability assay. And two rosane-type diterpenoids 3 and 8 displayed moderate inhibitory effects on with the MIC values of 18 μg/mL and 25 μg/mL, respectively. For the potential inhibitor 3, the inhibitory effect against the target enzyme GlmU was evaluated, which displayed a moderate inhibitory effect with the IC₅₀ 12.5 μg/mL. Therefore, the diterpenoids from the roots of E. ebracteolata displayed anti-tuberculosis effects, which would be pay more attentions for the anti-tuberculosis agents.     

藓类提取物对植物病原真菌的抑菌性研究

以立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)、尖孢镰孢菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、苹果轮纹病菌(Macrophoma kawatsukai)、梨黑星病菌(Fusicladium pirina)、草莓灰霉菌(Botrytis cinerea)等七种植物病原真菌为供试菌,通过生长速率法测定了24种藓类的乙醇提取物对病原真菌的抑制作用.结果表明,在提取物浓度为1.2mg干样/mL,大镰刀藓提取物对立枯丝核菌的抑制作用最强,抑菌率为67.8%.藓类提取物不仅对植物病原真菌有抑菌活性,而且还有多种藓类提取物对病原真菌菌丝有促进生长活性,如锐尖匍灯藓对立枯丝核菌菌丝生长的促进率为95.1%.选出大镰刀藓、扁灰藓、紫萼藓、山地水灰藓、疣小金发藓、橙色净口藓、锐尖匍灯藓和羊角藓对立枯丝核菌和灰霉菌的抑菌性或菌丝生长促进性进行了进一步研究,藓类提取物对病原菌的抑菌性或菌丝生长促进性在一定范围内随浓度的增加而增强,并且抑菌性随时间的延长呈下降趋势.     

Chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Euphorbia formosana Hayata and their chemotaxonomic significance

A phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Euphorbia formosana Hayata resulted in the isolation of 33 compounds, including various derivatives of ellagic acid and gallic acid. The chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and comparison with relevant data from the literature. The chemotaxonomic significance and distribution of these derivatives of ellagic acid and gallic acid in the genus Euphorbia are discussed.