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A widely used design principle for metabolic engineering of microorganisms aims to introduce interventions that enforce growth-coupled product synthesis such that the product of interest becomes a (mandatory) by-product of growth. However, different variants and partially contradicting notions of growth-coupled production (GCP) exist. Herein, we propose an ontology for the different degrees of GCP and clarify their relationships. Ordered by coupling degree, we distinguish four major classes: potentially, weakly, and directionally growth-coupled production (pGCP, wGCP, dGCP) as well as substrate-uptake coupled production (SUCP). We then extend the framework of Minimal Cut Sets (MCS), previously used to compute dGCP and SUCP strain designs, to allow inclusion of implicit optimality constraints, a feature required to compute pGCP and wGCP designs. This extension closes the gap between MCS-based and bilevel-based strain design approaches and enables computation (and comparison) of designs for all GCP classes within a single framework. By computing GCP strain designs for a range of products, we illustrate the hierarchical relationships between the different coupling degrees. We find that feasibility of coupling is not affected by the chosen GCP degree and that strongest coupling (SUCP) requires often only one or two more interventions than wGCP and dGCP. Finally, we show that the principle of coupling can be generalized to couple product synthesis with other cellular functions than growth, for example, with net ATP formation. This work provides important theoretical results and algorithmic developments and a unified terminology for computational strain design based on GCP. 相似文献
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高通量数据的产出为基因组尺度代谢网络的构建提供了基础,但同时也对网络构建和分析方法的改进提出了挑战。随着数据量的不断增大,耗时耗力的人工构建及分析已经无法满足模型发展的需要,因而各种自动化的方法应运而生。模型构建和分析的自动化不仅能够大幅度提高模型构建和解析的速度,同时对于模型构建和分析方法的标准化和程序化也有着不可替代的作用。文中结合作者的实际研究经验,对基因组尺度代谢网络构建的自动化进程和主要的代谢网络分析工具进行了较为详细的介绍,总结了代谢网络自动重构的流程,并提出了目前面对的主要问题和未来的研究方向。 相似文献
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高产特定产品的人工细胞工厂的构建需要对野生菌株进行大量的基因工程改造,近年来随着大量基因组尺度代谢网络模型的构建,人们提出了多种基于代谢网络分析预测基因改造靶点以使某一目标化合物合成最优的方法。这些方法利用基因组尺度代谢网络模型中的反应计量关系约束和反应不可逆性约束等,通过约束优化的方法预测可使产物合成最大化的改造靶点,避免了传统的通过相关途径的直观分析确定靶点的方法的局限性和主观性,为细胞工厂的理性设计提供了新的思路。以下结合作者的实际研究经验,对这些菌种优化方法的原理、优缺点及适用性等进行详细介绍,并讨论了目前存在的主要问题和未来的研究方向,为人们针对不同目标产品选择合适的方法及预测结果的可靠性评估提供了指导。 相似文献
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全基因组范围代谢网络(genome-scale metabolic network,GSMN)的构建是合成生物学研究的一个重要研究手段。通过整合各种组学数据和借助计算机进行模拟分析,将基因型与表型的关系进行定量关联,从而为从全局的角度探索和揭示生物代谢机制,进而对生物进行合理的重新设计和工程改造提供了有效的框架。该方法在最小基因组研究中也有着突出的优势,通过计算机辅助的基因组最小化模拟与分析,能够系统鉴定微生物基因组基因的必需性。迄今为止,已有近百个基因组范围的代谢网络发表,覆盖的生物包括原核生物、真核生物和古生生物,并广泛应用于医药、能源、环境、工业和农业等多个领域,展现出了广阔的应用前景。将对全基因组范围代谢网络构建的方法、应用,特别是其在最小基因组研究中的应用作简要的综述。 相似文献
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Vivian Erklavec Zajec Uro Novak Miha Kastelic Botjan Japelj Ljerka Lah Andrej Pohar Bla Likozar 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2021,118(1):397-411
Experimental and modeling work, described in this article, is focused on the metabolic pathway of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, which are the preferred expression system for monoclonal antibody protein production. CHO cells are one of the primary hosts for monoclonal antibodies production, which have extensive applications in multiple fields like biochemistry, biology and medicine. Here, an approach to explain cellular metabolism with in silico modeling of a microkinetic reaction network is presented and validated with unique experimental results. Experimental data of 25 different fed‐batch bioprocesses included the variation of multiple process parameters, such as pH, agitation speed, oxygen and CO2 content, and dissolved oxygen. A total of 151 metabolites were involved in our proposed metabolic network, which consisted of 132 chemical reactions that describe the reaction pathways, and include 25 reactions describing N‐glycosylation and additional reactions for the accumulation of the produced glycoforms. Additional eight reactions are considered for accumulation of the N‐glycosylation products in the extracellular environment and one reaction to correlate cell degradation. The following pathways were considered: glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, nucleotide synthesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, lipid synthesis, protein synthesis, biomass production, anaplerotic reactions, and membrane transport. With the applied modeling procedure, different operational scenarios and fed‐batch techniques can be tested. 相似文献
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Lisa Katharina Schuh Christian Weyler Elmar Heinzle 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2020,117(4):1137-1147
Cell-free systems containing multiple enzymes are becoming an increasingly interesting tool for one-pot syntheses of biochemical compounds. To extensively explore the enormous wealth of enzymes in the biological space, we present methods for assembling and curing data from databases to apply them for the prediction of pathway candidates for directed enzymatic synthesis. We use Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes to establish single organism models and a pan-organism model that is combining the available data from all organisms listed there. We introduce a filtering scheme to remove data that are not suitable, for example, generic metabolites and general reactions. In addition, a valid stoichiometry of reactions is required for acceptance. The networks created are analyzed by graph theoretical methods to identify a set of metabolites that are potentially reachable from a defined set of starting metabolites. Thus, metabolites not connected to such starting metabolites cannot be produced unless new starting metabolites or reactions are introduced. The network models also comprise stoichiometric and thermodynamic data that allow the definition of constraints to identify potential pathways. The resulting data can be directly applied using existing or future pathway finding tools. 相似文献
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组学分析技术的发展推动生物学逐渐成为一门以数据分析为中心的科学。依托生物数据在细胞整体系统水平建立数字细胞模型,对于理解细胞系统组织原理和生命产生进化规律,预测各种环境和基因扰动对细胞功能的影响并指导设计人工生命具有重要意义,因此数字细胞的构建模拟设计已成为合成生物学的核心研究内容与底层支撑技术。本文重点对天津工业生物技术研究所创立十年来在数字细胞研究方面的进展进行回顾介绍,重点包括基因组尺度代谢网络模型的构建、质控以及其在途径设计和指导菌种代谢工程改造方面的应用,进一步结合近年来细胞模型研究的前沿趋势,对整合多种约束的模型的构建和分析研究方面的最新成果进行了介绍,最后对数字细胞研究的未来发展方向进行展望。数字细胞技术将与基因组测序、合成和编辑等合成生物学前沿技术一起提升人们对生命进行读写改创的能力。 相似文献
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代谢工程是近年来发展起来的新技术,随着各种组学技术的发展,高通量数据整合方法用于分析细胞的代谢网络,改造代谢途径,以提高目标产物的产量。本文就代谢工程的发展状况,基因组尺度的分析技术,以及代谢工程策略进行了综述。分析了生物信息学和系统生物学方法在代谢途径构建和代谢网络分析中的作用,并就存在的问题和可能的解决途径进行了阐述。 相似文献
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最小生命体的合成是合成生物学研究的重要方向。最小化基因组的同时而又不对细胞生长产生影响是代谢工程研究的一个重要目标。文中提出了一种从基因组尺度代谢网络模型出发,通过零通量反应删除及对非必需基因组合删除计算获得基因组最小化代谢网络模型的方法,利用该方法简化了大肠杆菌经典代谢网络模型iAF1260,由起始的1 260个基因简化得到了312个基因,而最优生物质生成速率保持不变。基因组最小化代谢网络模型预测了在细胞正常生长的前提下包含最少基因的代谢途径,为大肠杆菌获得最小基因组的湿实验设计提供了重要参考。 相似文献
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Maxime Durot Pierre-Yves Bourguignon & Vincent Schachter 《FEMS microbiology reviews》2009,33(1):164-190
Genome-scale metabolic models bridge the gap between genome-derived biochemical information and metabolic phenotypes in a principled manner, providing a solid interpretative framework for experimental data related to metabolic states, and enabling simple in silico experiments with whole-cell metabolism. Models have been reconstructed for almost 20 bacterial species, so far mainly through expert curation efforts integrating information from the literature with genome annotation. A wide variety of computational methods exploiting metabolic models have been developed and applied to bacteria, yielding valuable insights into bacterial metabolism and evolution, and providing a sound basis for computer-assisted design in metabolic engineering. Recent advances in computational systems biology and high-throughput experimental technologies pave the way for the systematic reconstruction of metabolic models from genomes of new species, and a corresponding expansion of the scope of their applications. In this review, we provide an introduction to the key ideas of metabolic modeling, survey the methods, and resources that enable model reconstruction and refinement, and chart applications to the investigation of global properties of metabolic systems, the interpretation of experimental results, and the re-engineering of their biochemical capabilities. 相似文献
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细胞中自发或由酶催化的代谢反应组成了高度复杂的代谢网络,其与细胞生理代谢活动运作密切相关。细胞生理代谢网络模型的重构有助于从系统层面上解析基因型与生长表型之间的关联,为细胞生理代谢活动精准刻画与生物绿色制造等研究提供重要的计算生物学工具。本文系统介绍了全基因组尺度代谢网络模型(genome-scale metabolic models, GEMs)、动力学模型、酶约束代谢模型(enzyme-constrained genome-scale metabolic models, ecGEMs)等不同类型细胞生理代谢网络模型发展与应用的最新研究进展;同时还介绍了GEMs自动化构建研究进展以及条件特异性GEMs建模策略。人工智能技术为高精度细胞生理代谢网络模型构建提供了全新机遇,本文进一步总结了人工智能技术在动力学模型和酶约束模型构建等领域的应用。各类细胞生理代谢网络模型的高质量重构将为今后的定量合成生物学与系统生物学等研究提供强大计算支撑。 相似文献
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Genome-scale metabolic network model (GSMM) based on enzyme constraints greatly improves general metabolic models. The turnover number () of enzymes is used as a parameter to limit the reaction when extending GSMM. Therefore, turnover number plays a crucial role in the prediction accuracy of cell metabolism. In this work, we proposed an enzyme-constrained GSMM parameter optimization method. First, sensitivity analysis of the parameters was carried out to select the parameters with the greatest influence on predicting the specific growth rate. Then, differential evolution (DE) algorithm with adaptive mutation strategy was adopted to optimize the parameters. This algorithm can dynamically select five different mutation strategies. Finally, the specific growth rate prediction, flux variability, and phase plane of the optimized model were analyzed to further evaluate the model. The enzyme-constrained GSMM of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ecYeast8.3.4, was optimized. Results of the sensitivity analysis showed that the optimization variables can be divided into three groups based on sensitivity: most sensitive (149 c), highly sensitive (1759 ), and nonsensitive (2502 ) groups. Six optimization strategies were developed based on the results of the sensitivity analysis. The results showed that the DE with adaptive mutation strategy can indeed improve the model by optimizing highly sensitive parameters. Retaining all parameters and optimizing the highly sensitive parameters are the recommended optimization strategy. 相似文献
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Sofia Ferreira Rui Pereira S. A. Wahl Isabel Rocha 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2020,117(8):2571-2587
The global market of butanol is increasing due to its growing applications as solvent, flavoring agent, and chemical precursor of several other compounds. Recently, the superior properties of n-butanol as a biofuel over ethanol have stimulated even more interest. (Bio)butanol is natively produced together with ethanol and acetone by Clostridium species through acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation, at noncompetitive, low titers compared to petrochemical production. Different butanol production pathways have been expressed in Escherichia coli, a more accessible host compared to Clostridium species, to improve butanol titers and rates. The bioproduction of butanol is here reviewed from a historical and theoretical perspective. All tested rational metabolic engineering strategies in E. coli to increase butanol titers are reviewed: manipulation of central carbon metabolism, elimination of competing pathways, cofactor balancing, development of new pathways, expression of homologous enzymes, consumption of different substrates, and molecular biology strategies. The progress in the field of metabolic modeling and pathway generation algorithms and their potential application to butanol production are also summarized here. The main goals are to gather all the strategies, evaluate the respective progress obtained, identify, and exploit the outstanding challenges. 相似文献
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Radhakrishnan Mahadevan Anthony P. Burgard Iman Famili Steve Van Dien Christophe H. Schilling 《Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering》2005,10(5):408-417
Increasing numbers of value added chemicals are being produced using microbial fermentation strategies. Computational modeling and simulation of microbial metabolism is rapidly becoming an enabling technology that is driving a new paradigm to accelerate the bioprocess development cycle. In particular, constraint-based modeling and the development of genome-scale models of industrial microbes are finding increasing utility across many phases of the bioprocess development workflow. Herein, we review and discuss the requirements and trends in the industrial application of this technology as we build toward integrated computational/experimental platforms for bioprocess engineering. Specifically we cover the following topics: (1) genome-scale models as genetically and biochemically consistent representations of metabolic networks; (2) the ability of these models to predict, assess, and interpret metabolic physiology and flux states of metabolism; (3) the model-guided integrative analysis of high throughput ‘omics’ data; (4) the reconciliation and analysis of on- and off-line fermentation data as well as flux tracing data; (5) model-aided strain design strategies and the integration of calculated biotransformation routes; and (6) control and optimization of the fermentation processes. Collectively, constraint-based modeling strategies are impacting the iterative characterization of metabolic flux states throughout the bioprocess development cycle, while also driving metabolic engineering strategies and fermentation optimization. 相似文献
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