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1.
In order to evaluate host plant performance relative to different soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities, Andropogon gerardii seedlings were grown with nine different AMF communities. The communities consisted of 0, 10, or 20 spores of Glomus etunicatum and 0, 10, or 20 spores of Glomus intraradices in all possible combinations. Spores were produced by fungal cultures originating on A. gerardii in a serpentine plant community; seeds of A. gerardii were collected at the same site. The experiment was performed in the greenhouse using a mixture of sterilized serpentine
soil and sand to which naturally occurring non-mycorrhizal microbes were added. There was no difference in root AMF colonization
rates between single species communities of either G. etunicatum or G. intraradices, but G. intraradices enhanced plant growth and G. etunicatum did not. However, plants grew larger with some combinations of G.␣intraradices plus G. etunicatum than with the same quantity of G. intraradices alone. These results suggest the potential for niche complementarity in the mycorrhizal fungi. That G. etunicatum only increased plant growth in the presence of G. intraradices could be illustrative of why AMF that appear to be parasitic or benign when examined in isolation are maintained within multi-species
mycorrhizal communities in nature. 相似文献
2.
Nikolay Vassilev Maria Vassileva Rosario Azcon Almudena Medina 《Biotechnology letters》2001,23(11):907-909
Two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus deserticola and Glomus fasciculatum) were entrapped in calcium alginate, alone or in combination with a phosphate-solubilizing yeast (Yarowia lipolytica) and, after storage for 60 days, were inoculated into soil microcosms with tomato as the test plant. The average extent of root colonization by gel-entrapped G. deserticola and G. fasciculatum were 32 ± 5.6 and 24 ± 12.1%, respectively. Improved infective potential and colonization efficiency were observed when Y. lipolytica was co-entrapped with the mycorrhizal fungi. The best value, 49%, of mycorrhizal colonization was in roots of plants inoculated with G. deserticola co-entrapped with Y. lipolytica. 相似文献
3.
Diversity and infectivity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agricultural soils of the Sichuan Province of mainland China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Knowledge about the presence and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in a specific area is an essential first
step for utilizing these fungi in any application. The community composition of AMF in intensively managed agricultural soil
in the Sichuan Province of southwest China currently is unknown. In one set of samples, AMF were trapped in pot cultures from
40 fields growing legumes in the Panxi region, southeast Sichuan. In a second set of samples, the MPN method with four-fold
dilutions and maize as host was used to estimate infective propagules in soil from another 50 agricultural sites throughout
the province. Soil types were heterogeneous and were classified as purple, yellow, paddy and red. Crops at each site were
either maize, wheat or sweet orange. From this set of soil, AMF spores were also extracted and identified. Including all ninety
soils, thirty glomeromycotan species in Glomus (20 species), Acaulospora (four species), Scutellospora (three species), Ambispora (one species), Archaeospora (one species) and Paraglomus (one species) were identified. Yellow, red and purple soils yielded similar numbers of AMF species, while AMF species diversity
was clearly lower in paddy soil. In trap culture soils, the most frequent species were Glomus aggregatum or Glomus intraradices, Glomus claroideum and Glomus etunicatum. The species Acaulospora capsicula, Acaulospora delicata, G. aggregatum (or intraradices), G. claroideum, Glomus epigaeum, G. etunicatum, Glomus luteum, Glomus monosporum, Glomus mosseae and Glomus proliferum were successfully cultured as single-species pot cultures in Plantago lanceolata. The three most frequent species in field soils were G. mosseae, Glomus caledonium and Glomus constrictum. MPN values varied between 17 and 3334 propagules 100 g soil−1 among the fifty field sites sampled. Regression analysis, including host&soil, log(P) and pH as explanatory variables explained
59% of the variation in log(MPN). The highest MPN estimates were found in purple soil cropped with maize and citrus, 324 and
278 propagules 100 g soil−1, respectively. The lowest MPN value, 54 propagules 100 g soil−1, was measured in wheat in purple and yellow soil. Despite intensive agricultural management that can include often repeated
tillage, our examination of 90 agricultural sites revealed that soils of the Sichuan region have moderate to high numbers
of infective AMF propagules as well as a high AMF species diversity. This opens possibilities for further studies and utilization
of AMF in agriculture and horticulture in the Sichuan province, People’s Republic of China. 相似文献
4.
Previous studies have shown that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus deserticola (Trappe, Bloss and Menge) can diminish the negative effect of Verticillium dahliae Kleb. on pepper yield. On the other hand, it is known that AMF can be more beneficial for plant growth and physiology under dry conditions than when soil moisture is plentiful. Therefore, our objective was to assess if a moderate water deficit imposed on pepper plants before their inoculation with V. dahliae could improve the effectiveness of G. deserticola as biocontrol agent. In the present experiment, the delay in disease development in Verticillium-inoculated plants associated with AMF did not occur under well watered conditions. In addition, the establishment of mycorrhizal symbiosis and the development of structures by AMF were delayed when both symbiotic and pathogenic fungi infected the same root. Therefore, it is suggested that the equilibrium between pepper plant, G. deserticola and V. dahliae is so complex that small changes in competition between symbiotic and pathogenic fungi for host resources can modify the efficiency of AMF as a biocontrol agent. On the other hand, water deficit enhanced the deleterious effect of V. dahliae on fruit set and yield only when pepper plants were not associated with G. deserticola, which reinforces the idea that AMF may be more important for host plants subjected to stressful conditions. However, comparing well watered non-mycorrhizal and predroughted mycorrhizal plants, we found that moderate water deficit imposed before inoculation with V. dahliae did not improve the effectiveness of G. deserticola as a biocontrol agent. 相似文献
5.
Ahmad M. Al-Raddad 《Mycorrhiza》1995,5(3):233-236
The effects of Glomus mosseae and Paecilomyces lilacinus on Meloidogyne javanica of tomato were tested in a greenhouse experiment. Chicken layer manure was used as a carrier substrate for the inoculum of P. lilacinus. The following parameters were used: gall index, average number of galls per root system, plant height, shoot and root weights. Inoculation of tomato plants with G. mosseae did not markedly increase the growth of infected plants with M. javanica. Inoculation of plants with G. mosseae and P. lilacinus together or separately resulted in similar shoots and plant heights. The highest root development was achieved when mycorrhizal plants were inoculated with P. lilacinus to control root-knot nematode. Inoculation of tomato plants with G. mosseae suppressed gall index and the average number of galls per root system by 52% and 66%, respectively, compared with seedlings inoculated with M. javanica alone. Biological control with both G. mosseae and P. lilacinus together or separately in the presence of layer manure completely inhibited root infection with M. javanica. Mycorrhizal colonization was not affected by the layer manure treatment or by root inoculation with P. lilacinus. Addition of layer manure had a beneficial effect on plant growth and reduced M. javanica infection. 相似文献
6.
Effectiveness of three Glomus species in protecting pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) against verticillium wilt 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The objective of this work was to study the influence of three Glomus species—Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe, Glomus intraradices (Schenck and Smith) and Glomus deserticola (Trappe, Bloss, and Menge)—on the development of Verticillium-induced wilt in Capsicum annuum cv. Piquillo. Results showed that the effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as biocontrol agents varied among different Glomus species. In pepper colonized by G. intraradices the severity of the disease was even higher than that observed in non-mycorrhizal plants in terms of plant growth and pepper yield. On the other hand, the high effectiveness exhibited by G. mosseae in improving plant growth and the early beginning of the reproductive stage in these plants was not associated with great plant protection and high pepper yield in diseased plants. Only plants associated with G. deserticola had greater yield than non-mycorrhizal ones despite the lower P fertilization applied to the mycorrhizal treatment and this fact was observed in both healthy and diseased plants. It is suggested that the higher specific phosphorus uptake in Verticillium-inoculated plants associated with G. deserticola could contribute to diminish the deleterious effect of pathogen on yield. On the other hand, the possible influence of endogenous phenolics in roots on the tolerance or resistance of pepper against wilt induced by Verticillium dahliae remains unclear. 相似文献
7.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of salinity on the symbiotic efficiencies and mycelial infectivity of
two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), one isolated from saline soils (Glomus sp.) and the other (Glomus deserticola) from nonsaline soils (belonging to the Estación Experimental del Zaidín collection). Lettuce plants inoculated with either
of these two fungi or maintained as uninoculated controls were grown in soil with three salt concentrations (0.25, 0.50 or
0.75 g NaCl kg–1 dry soil). Both AMF protected host plants against salinity. However, when the results of shoot dry weight and nutrient contents
were expressed relative to the total length of mycorrhiza formed, it was found that both AMF differed in their symbiotic efficiencies.
These differences were more evident at the two highest salt levels. Glomus sp.-colonized plants grew less and accumulated less N and P, whereas they formed a higher amount of mycorrhiza. The mechanism
by which Glomus sp. protected plants from the detrimental effects of salt was based on the stimulation of root development, while the effects
of G. deserticola were based on improved plant nutrition. The increase in salinity of soil decreased the hyphal growth and/or viability of
Glomus sp. to a higher extent than those of G. deserticola since the mycelial network generated by G. deserticola was more infective than that of Glomus sp.
Accepted: 8 September 2000 相似文献
8.
Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the acclimatization of micropropagated banana plantlets 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A. M. Yano-Melo L. C. Maia O.J. Saggin Jr. J. M. Lima-Filho N. F. Melo 《Mycorrhiza》1999,9(2):119-123
The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on micropropagated banana plantlets was evaluated during the acclimatization
period. Plants were inoculated with Acaulospora scrobiculata, Glomus clarum or Glomus etunicatum. After cultivation in a greenhouse for 3 months, height, leaf area, fresh weight and dry matter of root and shoots, level
of AMF colonization, nutrient level, photosynthesis and transpiration rate, water potential and stomatal conductance were
measured. The number of AMF spores produced in each treatment was also determined. Plantlets inoculated with AMF had greater
height, leaf area and fresh weight of shoots and roots, as well as higher rates of photosynthesis and transpiration than controls.
Plants inoculated with Glomus were superior in most of the evaluated parameters.
Accepted: 24 May 1999 相似文献
9.
Individuals of Inula ensifolia L. (Asteraceae), a valuable xerothermic plant species with potential therapeutic value, were inoculated under laboratory
conditions with different strains of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF): (1) Glomus intraradices UNIJAG PL-Bot, (2) G. intraradices UNIJAG PL-Kap, (3) Glomus clarum UNIJAG PL13-2, and (4) AMF crude inoculum from natural stands of I. ensifolia. We found AMF species specificity in the stimulation of thymol derivative production in the roots of I. ensifolia. There was an increase in thymol derivative contents in roots after G. clarum inoculation and at the same time the decreased production of these metabolites in the G. intraradices treatments. Moreover, no correlation between the extent of AMF colonization and the effects of the fungal symbionts on the
plant was observed. A multilevel analysis of chlorophyll a fluorescence transients (JIP test) permitted an evaluation of plant vitality, expressed in photosynthetic performance index,
influenced by the applied AMF strains, which was found to be in good agreement with the results concerning thymol derivative
production. The mechanisms by which AMF trigger changes in phytochemical concentration in plant tissues and their consequences
for practice are discussed. 相似文献
10.
Production of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Inoculum in Aeroponic Culture 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
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Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum) and industrial sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) colonized by Glomus deserticola, G. etunicatum, and G. intraradices were grown in aeroponic cultures. After 12 to 14 weeks, all roots were colonized by the inoculated vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Abundant vesicles and arbuscules formed in the roots, and profuse sporulation was detected intra-and extraradically. Within each fungal species, industrial sweet potato contained significantly more roots and spores per plant than bahia grass did, although the percent root colonization was similar for both hosts. Mean percent root colonization and sporulation per centimeter of colonized root generally increased with time, although with some treatments colonization declined by week 14. Spore production ranged from 4 spores per cm of colonized root for G. etunicatum to 51 spores per cm for G. intraradices. Infectivity trials with root inocula resulted in a mean of 38, 45, and 28% of bahia grass roots colonized by G. deserticola, G. etunicatum, and G. intraradices, respectively. The germination rate of G. etunicatum spores produced in soil was significantly higher than that produced in aeroponic cultures (64% versus 46%) after a 2-week incubation at 28°C. However, infectivity studies comparing G. etunicatum spores from soil and aeroponic culture indicated no biological differences between the spore sources. Aeroponically produced G. deserticola and G. etunicatum inocula retained their infectivity after cold storage (4°C) in either sterile water or moist vermiculite for at least 4 and 9 months, respectively. 相似文献
11.
de la Noval B Pérez E Martínez B León O Martínez-Gallardo N Délano-Frier J 《Mycorrhiza》2007,17(5):449-460
A study was performed to determine the effect of the systemin polypeptide on the bio-protective effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal
fungi (AMF) in tomato plants infected with Alternaria solani, Phytophthora infestans or P. parasitica. Before infection, tomato plants were colonized with two different AMF, Glomus fasciculatum or G. clarum. In addition, a group of inoculated plants was treated with systemin, just after emergence. The exogenous application of
systemin marginally suppressed the resistance against A. solani leaf blight observed in G. fasciculatum mycorrhizal plants but significantly enhanced it in plants colonized with G. clarum. Systemin induced resistance to P. parasitica in leaves of G. fasciculatum mycorrhizal plants, in which AMF colonization alone was shown to have no protective effect. Conversely, none of the treatments
led to resistance to root or stem rots caused by P. infestans or P. parasitica. The above effects did not correlate with changes in the activity levels of β-1,3-glucanase (BG), chitinase (CHI), peroxidase
(PRX), and phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL) in leaves of infected plants. However, they corroborated previous reports showing
that colonization by AMF can lead to a systemic resistance response against A. solani. Systemic resistance to A. solani was similarly observed in non-mycorrhizal systemin-treated plants, which, in contrast, showed increased susceptibility to
P. infestans and P. parasitica. The results indicated that the pattern of systemic disease resistance conferred by mycorrhizal colonization was dependent
on the AMF employed and could be altered by the exogenous application of systemin, by means of a still undefined mechanism. 相似文献
12.
R. Utkhede 《BioControl》2006,51(3):393-400
The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus monosporum, G. vesiculiferum, G. deserticola, G. intraradices, G. mosseae, and two unidentified species were tested to determine their effect on plant growth and fruit production of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv. Trust inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) under near-commercial greenhouse conditions. Inoculation with G. monosporum and G. mosseae significantly increased fruit yield and fruit number of tomato plants grown hydroponically in sawdust. Plant height and plant dry weight increased significantly when inoculated with G. monosporum and G. mosseae. Further, plants inoculated with G. monosporum and G. mosseae showed significantly lower FORL root infection than the untreated control plants. 相似文献
13.
Mycorrhizal responsiveness of aerobic rice genotypes is negatively correlated with their zinc uptake when nonmycorrhizal 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Xiaopeng Gao Thomas W. Kuyper Chunqin Zou Fusuo Zhang Ellis Hoffland 《Plant and Soil》2007,290(1-2):283-291
Plant Zn uptake from low Zn soils can be increased by Zn-mobilizing chemical rhizosphere processes. We studied whether inoculation
with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can be an additional or an alternative strategy. We determined the effect of AMF inoculation
on growth performance and Zn uptake by rice genotypes varying in Zn uptake when nonmycorrhizal. A pot experiment was conducted
with six aerobic rice genotypes inoculated with Glomus mosseae or G. etunicatum or without AMF on a low Zn soil. Plant growth, Zn uptake and mycorrhizal responsiveness were determined. AMF-inoculated plants
produced more biomass and took up more Zn than nonmycorrhizal controls. Mycorrhizal inoculation, however, significantly increased
Zn uptake only in genotypes that had a low Zn uptake in the nonmycorrhizal condition. We conclude that genotypes that are
less efficient in Zn uptake when nonmycorrhizal are more responsive to AMF inoculation. We provide examples from literature
allowing generalization of this conclusion on a trade off between mycorrhizal responsiveness and nutrient uptake efficiency. 相似文献
14.
Morphological and molecular characters were analysed to investigate diversity within isolates of the Glomus claroideum/Glomus etunicatum species group in the genus Glomus. The inter- and intra-isolate sequence diversity of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene D2 region of eight isolates of G. claroideum and G. etunicatum was studied using PCR-single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP)-sequencing. In addition, two isolates recently obtained from Southern China were included in the analysis to allow for a wider geographic screening. Single spore DNA isolation confirmed the magnitude of gene diversity found in multispore DNA extractions. An apparent overlap of spore morphological characters was found between G. claroideum and G. etunicatum in some isolates. Analysis of the sequence frequencies in all G. etunicatum and G. claroideum isolates (ten) showed that four LSU D2 sequences, representing 32.1% of the clones analysed for multispore extraction (564) were found to be common to both species, and those sequences were the most abundant in four of the ten isolates analysed. The frequency of these sequences ranged between 23.2% and 87.5% of the clones analysed in each isolate. The implications for the use of phenotypic characters to define species in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are discussed. The current position of G. claroideum/G.etunicatum in the taxonomy of the Glomeromycota is also discussed. 相似文献
15.
16.
Effects of the saprophytic fungus Fusarium oxysporum on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization and plant dry matter were studied in greenhouse and field experiments. Host plants:
maize (Zea mays L.), sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.), wheat (Triticum vulgare L), lentil (Ervum lens L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.), the AM fungi: Glomus mosseae, G. fasciculatum, G. intraradices, G. clarum, and G. deserticola and the carriers for F. oxysporum inoculum: aqueous solution, thin agar slices, and pellets of agar and alginate were tested under greenhouse conditions. Greatest
plant growth and AM colonization responses in sterilized and unsterilized soils were observed with pea, Glomus deserticola and sodium alginate pellets as the carrier for F. oxysporum inoculum. Under field conditions, adding F. oxysporum increased the survival of transplanted pea, possibly through a beneficial effect on AM fungi. Application of F. oxysporum increased shoot dry matter, N and P concentrations of pea and sorghum plants, and the level of AM colonization attained by
indigenous or introduced AM fungi. These parameters were similar in plants inoculated with either G. deserticola or with the indigenous AM fungi. Application of the saprophytic fungus increased the number of propagules of AM fungi in
field plots in which pea was grown, but this increase was not sufficient to increase AM colonization of sorghum after the
pea crop.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated with Plants Growing in Fly Ash Pond and Their Potential Role in Ecological Restoration 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Root colonization and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were analyzed in plants growing in fly ash pond. Eight
species could be separated morphologically, while phylogenetic analyses after PCR amplification of the ITS region followed
by RFLP and sequencing revealed seven different AM fungal sequence types. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these sequences
cluster into four discrete groups, belonging to the genus Glomus and Archaeospora. Inoculation of plants with spores of AM fungal consortia (Glomus etunicatum, Glomus heterogama, Glomus maculosum, Glomus magnicaule, Glomus multicaule, Glomus rosea, Scutellospora heterogama, and Scutellospora nigra) along with colonized root pieces increased the growth (84.9%), chlorophyll (54%), and total P content (44.3%) of Eucalyptus tereticornis seedlings grown on fly ash compared to non-inoculated seedlings. The growth improvement was the consequence of increased
P nutrition and decreased Al, Fe, Zn, and Cu accumulations. These observations suggested that the inoculation of tree seedlings
with stress adapted AM fungi aid in the reclamation of fly ash ponds. 相似文献
18.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species-specifically affect induced plant responses to a spider mite 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Takaaki Nishida Noboru Katayama Naoyuki Izumi Takayuki Ohgushi 《Population Ecology》2010,52(4):507-515
It is widely recognized that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) improve plant growth and nutrient conditions, but their effects
can vary from negative to positive depending on AMF species. Since the performance of herbivorous arthropods varies with plant
quality, different AMF species should differently affect the density of herbivorous arthropods on plants and the herbivore-induced
plant responses. We examined the indirect effects of AMF on the number of spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) and the number of damaged leaves in an outdoor glass-chamber experiment, using Lotus japonicus plants inoculated with one of four different AMF species (Gigaspora margarita, Glomus etunicatum, Gl. intraradices, and Acaulospora longula). Plants with Gi. margarita and A. longula had significantly fewer female mites than plants with Gl. etunicatum and Gl. intraradices, and plants with Gi. margarita had the fewest damaged leaves, followed by plants with A. longula,
Gl. intraradices, and Gl. etunicatum. To examine species-specific effects of AMF on herbivore-induced plant responses, we carried out a bioassay with eggs laid
by spider mites, and analyses of leaf chemicals (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and total phenolics) using plants subjected
or not subjected to herbivory. The bioassay showed that mite egg production and its changes following mite herbivory changed
depending on the AMF species. In addition, Principal component analysis for leaf chemicals revealed not only mite-induced
changes in leaf chemical composition, but also AMF effects on the herbivore-induced response in a species-specific way. Thus,
we need to pay more attention to the species identity of AMF as an important factor in determining the strength of effects
of belowground AMF on the performance and/or preferences of aboveground herbivores. 相似文献
19.
Tavasolee A Aliasgharzad N Salehi GR Mardi M Asgharzadeh A Akbarivala S 《Current microbiology》2011,63(2):107-114
Legume roots in nature are usually colonized with rhizobia and different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species. Light
microscopy that visualizes the presence of AMF in roots is not able to differentiate the ratio of each AMF species in the
root and nodule tissues in mixed fungal inoculation. The purpose of this study was to characterize the dominant species of
mycorrhiza in roots and nodules of plants co-inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobial strains. Glomus intraradices (GI), Glomus mosseae (GM), their mix (GI + GM), and six Mesorhizobium ciceri strains were used to inoculate chickpea. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to assess occupancy
of these fungal species in roots and nodules. Results showed that GI molecular ratio and relative density were higher than
GM in both roots and nodules. These differences in molecular ratio and density between GI and GM in nodules were three folds
higher than roots. The results suggested that M. ciceri strains have different effects on nodulation and mycorrhizal colonization pattern. Plants with bacterial S3 and S1 strains
produced the highest root nodulation and higher fungal density in both the roots and nodules. 相似文献
20.
Xiang Xiao Hao Chen Hua Chen Jun Wang Chong Ren Lijun Wu 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2008,24(7):1133-1137
Summary In the present study, the influence of Bacillus subtilis JA on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was evaluated by either pot culture or in vitro conditions, respectively. Under
the pot culture conditions, the inoculation of B. subtilis JA decreased the frequency (% F) of the root colonization by indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the shoot dry weight
of maize (Zea mays L.), but had no apparent effect on the intensity (% I) of AM fungal root colonization. The unknown volatile emitted from
the B. subtilis JA in vitro significantly inhibited spore germination and the hyphal growth in the dual-compartment experiments. Moreover,
the data from the direct interaction between B. subtilis JA and Glomus etunicatum showed that soluble antifungal lipopeptides influenced the development of AMF. Therefore, the application of antifungal Bacillus strains should take the compatibility with the indigenous beneficial fungi into consideration. 相似文献