ＢＬＧ—ＬＡtPA和鼠ＷＡＰ共注射提高ＬＡtPA在转基因小鼠乳腺中的表达水平

为了提高长效组织纤溶酶原活剂（ＬＡtPA）在转基因小鼠乳腺中的表达水平,将受控于羊β－乳球蛋白（ＢＬＧ）的ＬＡtPA表达载体ＢＬＧ－ＬＡtPA与小鼠乳清酸蛋白（ＷＡＰ）基因片段进行共注射,采用此方法建立的转基因小鼠,经ＰＣＲ筛选和Ｓouthern印迹鉴定,获得３只ＬＡtPA和ＷＡＰ共整合阳性鼠,并在阳性母鼠乳汁中检测到有溶纤活性的ＬＡtPA表达,表达水平达到１０μg/mL。     

组织纤溶酶活剂突变体在转基因小鼠乳腺中的表达

组织纤溶酶原激活剂（ｔＰＡ）是一种较理想的溶血栓药物,本研究采用其突变体－长效组织纤溶酶原激活剂（ＬＡｔＰＡ）的ｃＤＮＡ作为目的基因,将它插入羊β－乳球蛋白（ＢＬＧ）基因起始密码之前,使ＬＡｔＰＡ的转录、翻译受控于ＢＬＧ基因的５＇、３＇序列,再将所构建的ＢＬＧ－ＬＡｔＰＡ用显微注射方法建立转基因鼠,经点杂交筛选和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ印迹鉴定,获得２只ＬＡｔＰＡ基因整合阳性鼠,并在阳性母鼠乳汁中检测到有     

组织纤溶酶原激活剂突变体(La-tPA)转基因鼠的建立

用羊β－乳球蛋白基因（ＢＬＧ）５区５×１０３ｂ（１０３ｂ,旧称ｋｂ）为调控序列,构建了乳腺表达组织纤溶酶原激活剂突变体（Ｌａ－ｔＰＡ）载体．对５４０枚小鼠受精卵进行显微注射,经ＰＣＲ和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ检测,获得６只整合有人Ｌａ－ｔＰＡ的转基因小鼠,整合率为３２％．这为未来利用转基因动物生产Ｌａ－ｔＰＡ提供依据     

组织纤溶酶原激活剂突变体乳腺表达载体构建及在转基因鼠中表 …

通过ＰＣＲ方法从羊肝总ＤＮＡ中获得了羊－β乳球蛋白（ＢＬＧ）基因第一和第二内含子,以羊β－乳球蛋白基因（ＢＬＧ）５’区５ｋｂ为调控序列,构建了乳腺表达组织纤溶酶原激活剂突变体载体。对５４０枚小鼠受精卵进行显微注射,经ＰＣＲ和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ检测,获得６只整合有人Ｌａ－ｔＰＡ的转基因小鼠,整合率为３２％。同时研究了转基因在小鼠体内的表达。Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ分析表明,在一些转基因鼠乳     

RT-PCR测定组织纤溶酶原激活剂突变体(La-tPA)在转基因鼠乳腺表达的研究

利用所构建的乳腺表达组织纤溶酶原激活剂突变体（Ｌａ－ｔＰＡ）载体．对５４０枚小鼠受精卵进行显微注射,经ＰＣＰ和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ检测,获得６只整合有人Ｌａ－ｔＰＡ转基因小鼠．为了精确研究转基因在小鼠体内的表达,采用ＲＴ－ＰＣＰ方法测定转基因鼠在泌乳期１～２０ｄＬａ－ｔＰＡ基因的转录,结果表明,在转基因鼠乳腺的Ｌａ－ｔＰＡｍＲＮＡ水平在１０～１５ｄ最高,在２０ｄ时降为最低．外源基因在转基因小鼠乳腺的表达规律研究为未来利用转基因动物生产Ｌａ－ｔＰＡ提供依据     

组织纤溶酶原激活剂突变体（La—tPA）转基因鼠的建立

用羊β－乳球蛋白基因（ＢＬＧ）５’区５＊１０＾３ｂ（１０＾３ｂ,旧称ｋｂ）为调序列,构建了乳腺表达组织纤溶酶原激活剂突变体载体。对５４０枚小鼠受精卵进行显微注射,经ＰＣＲ和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ检测,获得６只整合有人Ｌａ－ｔＰＡ的转基因小鼠,整合率为３２％。     

人组织性纤溶酶原激活物衍生物在大肠杆菌硫氧化还原蛋白融合表达系统中的

目的：克隆含ｔＰＡ中３５５个氨基酸密码子（１－３和１７６－５２７氨基酸）的ｃＤＮＡ序列（ｔＰＡ３５５）,将其在大肠杆菌融合蛋白表达系统中表达,并在体外复性使其具有激活纤溶酶原的生物活性。方法：采用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术从人黑色素瘤细胞Ｂｏｗｅｓ中克隆出ｔＰＡ３５５ ｃＤＮＡ,然后在ｐＥＴ３２ａ（＋）ＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３）大肠杆菌表达系统中表达,将表达出的融合蛋白Ｔｒｘ－ｔＰＡ３５５（Ｔｈｉｏｒｅｄｏｘｉｎ,Ｔｒｘ）包涵体在体外进行变性、复性和纯化以使其具有激活纤溶酶原的生物活性。结果：测序结果表明本研究克隆的编码ｔＰＡ中３５５个氨基酸密码子的ｃＤＮＡ序列与美国专利（公开号：５,５８７,１５９）中对应的序列完全一致,将其在ｐＥＴ３２ａ（＋）／ＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３）大肠杆菌表达系统中表达可获得稳定表达的融合蛋白Ｔｒｘ－ｔＰＡ３５     

糖基化、非糖基化、重组PAI－1功能和性质的比较

对从ＨｅｐＧ２细胞培养液中分离得到植基化和非糖基化ＰＡＩ－１（１型纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂）,以及从ｐＹＺＨＢＩ－６６表达菌中纯化的非糖基化重组ＰＡＩ－１的某些性质和功能进行比较,结果显示,糖基化ＰＡＩ－１对ｔＰＡ（组织型纤溶酶原激活物）有较强的抑制,能较显著地被蛋白质变性剂所激活,对热有较强的稳定性,糖基化与非糖基化ＰＡＩ－１在ｐＨ２．５－９．０的范围内都相当稳定。纤维蛋白原和肝素能明显提高两者对ｔＰＡ的抑制作用。     

PCR检测牛β—乳球蛋白—tPA转基因鼠

转基因鼠的检测是小鼠乳腺生物反应器制备中的关键一步。针对牛β－乳球蛋白（ＢＬＧ）－ｔＰＡ转基因鼠系,设计成功一对引物扩增牛ＢＬＧ上第三内含子与第四外显子之间３００ｂｐ片段,成功建立了转基因鼠的快速筛选方法,ＰＣＲ检测快速灵敏,结果准确可靠。共筛选出９个转基因鼠系。     

牛α-sl酪蛋白基因序列指导htPA突变体小基因在小鼠乳腺中的表达

将包括α－ｓｌ酪蛋白基因的启动子、ＬＡｔＰＡ小基因、α－ｓｌ酪蛋白基因下游调控序列的融合基 因经显微注射至小鼠的受精卵中,获得了５只转基因阳性鼠,其中１只转基因阳性雌鼠乳清中 ＬＡｔＰＡ的含量为０．１８μｇ／ｍｌ,说明构建的ＬＡｔＰＡ小基因能够正确表达出有生物活性的ＬＡｔＰＡ, 并且可在酪蛋白基因调控序列的指导下在小鼠的乳汁中表达。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism