G蛋白偶联胆汁酸受体1促进胃癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭的实验研究

目的:探讨G蛋白偶联胆汁酸受体1(G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1,GPBAR1/TGR5)对胃癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响。方法:免疫组织化学染色方法(Immunohistochemistry,IHC)检测胃癌及癌旁组织芯片中TGR5表达情况;qRT-PCR及Western blot检测胃癌细胞系中TGR5表达水平;小干扰RNA处理AGS、MKN-45胃癌细胞后构建TGR5敲减细胞系,慢病毒载体转染胃癌SGC-7901细胞构建TGR5过表达细胞系;CCK-8实验、平板克隆形成实验、裸鼠皮下移植瘤实验检测TGR5对细胞增殖的影响;流式细胞仪检测TGR5对细胞周期及凋亡的影响;Tanswell实验检测TGR5对胃癌细胞迁移及侵袭的影响;Western blot检测上皮间充质转化(Epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)相关分子β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)、锌脂蛋白转录因子(Snail)、E盒结合锌指蛋白(Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1,ZEB)1在AGS、MKN-45及SGC-7901胃癌细胞中的表达。结果:TGR5在胃癌及癌旁组织中均有表达,胃癌组织TGR5高表达率(41.0%)显著高于癌旁组织(9.5%),伴肠化生癌旁组织TGR5高表达率(50%)显著高于不伴肠化生的癌旁组织(0%),胃癌组织TGR5表达与肿瘤大小相关。TGR5在正常人胃上皮永生化细胞株GES-1及各胃癌细胞系中均有表达。TGR5表达敲低的AGS和MKN-45细胞增殖能力减弱、凋亡率显著升高、侵袭和迁移能力显著降低。过表达TGR5的SGC-7901细胞增殖能力增强、克隆形成能力提高、凋亡率明显减低、侵袭和迁移能力显著升高。此外,TGR5过表达显著上调了间质细胞标志物β-catenin、Snail、ZEB1的表达水平。结论:TGR5能够增强胃癌细胞增殖及迁移能力,并抑制细胞凋亡。TGR5可能通过EMT途径介导胃癌细胞转移。     

ATAD3A在结直肠癌组织中的表达及其对细胞生长的影响

目的:探讨三磷酸腺苷酶家族蛋白3A(ATAD3A)在结直肠癌组织中的表达情况,并验证其对结直肠癌细胞RKO和HCT116生长的影响。方法:收集结直肠癌患者配对癌与癌旁组织115例,通过免疫组化方式验证ATAD3A在结直肠癌组织与癌旁的表达差异。采用慢病毒转染和si-RNA干涉的方式构建ATAD3A过表达和敲低肠癌细胞系,并采用MTS,流式检测细胞周期和细胞凋亡等方法验证ATAD3A对结直肠癌细胞系RKO和HCT116的影响。结果:ATAD3A在结直肠癌组织中表达较癌旁组织显著升高(P0.001)。在结直肠癌细胞系RKO和HCT116中过表达ATAD3A后,细胞增殖能力明显增强,处于S期的细胞比例明显增加,而且细胞凋亡数量明显减少。反之,在上述肠癌细胞中干涉ATAD3A后,细胞增殖能力减弱,细胞大部分停滞于G1期,而且凋亡细胞数量明显增多。结论:ATAD3A在结直肠癌组织中表达升高,且ATAD3A通过促进细胞增殖、细胞周期进程和抑制细胞凋亡等方式促进肠癌细胞的生长。     

长非编码RNA SNHG18对人胃癌细胞BGC823增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:探究长非编码RNA SNHG18对胃癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法:采用实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检测人胃癌组织及癌旁组织和胃癌细胞系中lncRNA SNHG18的表达;采用MTT和克隆形成试验观察转染SNHG18过表达质粒后胃癌细胞BGC823增殖活力的变化;通过流式细胞术检测lncRNA SNHG18对胃癌细胞BGC823凋亡的影响。结果:相较于癌旁组织和胃正常粘膜上皮细胞系GSE-1,胃癌组织及胃癌细胞系中SNHG18的表达水平显著降低(P0.05);胃癌细胞过表达SNHG18增殖活力以及克隆形成的能力均显著降低(P0.05),而细胞凋亡率明显升高(P0.05)。结论:胃癌组织中长非编码RNA SNHG18呈低表达,可促进胃癌细胞增殖并抑制其凋亡,可能在胃癌发生发展过程中发挥重要作用。     

敲低去泛素化酶USP13抑制K562细胞的增殖*

目的:研究去泛素化酶USP13对人慢性髓系白血病细胞系K562增殖和凋亡的影响,并进行初步的机制探究。方法:构建pLKO.1-shUSP13-GFP慢病毒干涉载体,慢病毒包装后感染并建立稳定敲低USP13的K562细胞株。免疫印迹检测K562细胞中USP13蛋白的敲低效率。流式细胞术分析敲低USP13对K562细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。免疫共沉淀和蛋白质泛素化实验探究USP13调控K562细胞的分子机制。结果:成功构建pLKO.1-shUSP13-GFP慢病毒干涉载体,同时利用慢病毒体系获得稳定敲低USP13的K562细胞株。流式细胞术结果显示,敲低USP13促进K562细胞凋亡、抑制细胞增殖。分子机制研究发现,敲低USP13通过增强c-Myc泛素化进而导致其蛋白质水平降低。结论:初步揭示了USP13调控K562细胞增殖和凋亡的分子机制,为治疗慢性髓系白血病提供了潜在的靶点。     

卵巢癌组织中dbpA的表达及其对卵巢癌细胞增殖的影响

目的:探讨dbp A蛋白在卵巢癌组织中的表达及其对卵巢癌细胞增殖的影响。方法:通过荧光定量和蛋白质免疫印迹方法检测临床卵巢癌组织和正常癌旁组织中dbp A的表达量;设计合成针对dbp A基因的双链小干扰RNA转染人卵巢癌细胞系SKOV3和A2780细胞,用荧光定量和蛋白质免疫印迹方法检测细胞中dbp A的表达量,MTT法和克隆形成试验检测细胞的增殖能力和克隆形成能力,流式细胞术检测各组细胞周期和细胞凋亡的变化。结果:dbp A在卵巢癌组织、SKOV3和A2780细胞中表达较癌旁正常卵巢组织显著升高。沉默dbp A后,SKOV3和A2780细胞中dbp A蛋白表达量显著降低,SKOV3和A2780细胞增殖能力和克隆形成能力显著下降(P0.05),G0/G1期细胞百分比显著增加(P0.01),S期细胞百分比明显减少(P0.05),细胞凋亡率显著升高(P0.01)。结论:dbp A在卵巢癌组织和卵巢癌细胞SKOV3和A2780中过表达,沉默dbp A基因后可抑制SKOV3和A2780细胞的增殖能力和克隆形成能力。     

HINT2在甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达和功能研究

HINT2与多种肿瘤发生发展密切相关,在甲状腺癌中的功能还不清楚.该文使用组织芯片检测甲状腺乳头状癌组织中HINT2的表达,发现12例癌组织中HINT2蛋白表达水平显著高于正常组织(86％,P＜0.05).该文构建高表达和低表达HINT2的甲状腺乳头状癌细胞系K1稳定克隆后,使用CCK8和克隆形成实验检测HINT2对细...     

miR-659-3p靶向CTNNBIP1调控甲状腺癌细胞凋亡的机制

[目的]探讨miR-659-3p在甲状腺癌细胞中的潜在功能和机制。[方法]纳入甲状腺乳头癌患者60例,比较甲状腺患者癌旁组织和癌组织中miR-659-3p的表达水平。过表达或敲低miR-659-3p后检测甲状腺癌细胞TPC-1的增殖水平和凋亡水平,并进行底物鉴定。[结果] miR-659-3p的表达水平在60个甲状腺癌组织中也显著上调(P<0.05)。miR-659-3p敲低后TPC-1的增殖水平显著下降(P<0.05)、 TPC-1的凋亡水平显著上升(P<0.05)。敲低CTNNBIP1时,TPC-1的凋亡水平下降(P<0.05)、 TPC-1的细胞活力水平上升(P<0.05)。过表达miR-659-3p时,CTNNBIP1的蛋白水平和mRNA水平显著下降(P<0.05);敲低miR-659-3p时,CTNNBIP1的蛋白水平和mRNA水平显著上升(P<0.05)。过表达miR-659-3p后,Wnt/β-catenin通路的关键蛋白β-catenin的核定位增多;敲低miR-659-3p后,β-catenin的核定位减少。[结论] miR-...     

C20orf54抑制食管癌细胞增殖并促进其凋亡

目的观察过表达C20orf54对食管癌细胞周期和凋亡的影响,探讨C20orf54基因在食管癌发生、发展中的作用。方法应用免疫组织化学染色方法检测C20orf54蛋白在食管癌组织和癌旁正常组织中的表达;应用MTT法和流式细胞术检测过表达C20orf54对食管癌细胞系EC9706细胞增殖能力、细胞凋亡与细胞周期的影响。结果 C20orf54在食管癌组织中免疫反应性显著低于癌旁正常组织。稳定转染表达C20orf54的EC9706细胞生长明显受抑制,且G0/G1期细胞积聚,周期阻滞,细胞凋亡增多。结论 C20orf54基因可能参与食管癌的生长调控,食管癌的发生与C20orf54基因的表达有关。     

人红系分化相关基因高表达提高TF-1细胞系存活能力

目的：检测人红系分化相关基因（EDAG）对TF-1细胞株存活能力的影响。方法：采用电转染法将过表达EDAG的质粒高效转染TF-1细胞株,通过G418筛选得到过表达EDAG的TF-1细胞稳定株,用MTs法检测过表达EDAG的细胞稳定株在撤除细胞因子后的增殖情况,用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。结果：用表达GFP的质粒电转染TF-1细胞株,通过综合评价转染效率和细胞状态,确定最佳转染条件为1350V电压电击30ms,电击次数为1次;对得到的细胞稳定株进行检测,其内源EDAG的mRNA和蛋白水平均上调;将细胞稳定株在撤除细胞因子状态下培养,过表达EDAG后细胞存活能力增强、凋亡减少。结论：用电转染方式高效转染TF-1细胞,通过筛选得到过表达EDAG的稳定细胞株,并证实撤除细胞因子后过表达EDAG能提高TF-1细胞系的存活及抗凋亡能力。     

副交感神经M1受体促进前列腺癌转移并抵抗肿瘤细胞凋亡的研究

该文旨在探讨副交感神经M1受体(muscarinic acetylcholine M1 receptor,CHRM1)通过调节PI3K/AKT信号通路对前列腺癌增殖、转移以及肿瘤细胞凋亡影响的研究。选用Western blot、免疫荧光等方法检测CHRM1在前列腺癌细胞中表达情况。体外培养人前列腺癌细胞系PC-3、LNCaP、DU145,然后用CHRM1激动剂卡巴胆碱(CAR)及特异性抑制剂哌仑西平(PIN)处理细胞。用CHRM1 RNAi慢病毒感染细胞,构建前列腺癌CHRM1敲低的稳转株。选用CCK8细胞增殖实验、平板克隆实验、细胞迁移侵袭实验、流式细胞术检测及透射电镜观察等方法探究CHRM1在前列腺癌中增殖、转移和凋亡水平。最后,用Western blot方法检测敲低的CHRM1前列腺癌细胞中上皮间质标志物及PI3K/AKT信号表达水平。结果显示,CHRM1大量表达在前列腺癌各细胞系细胞中。CAR处理后细胞增殖能力、克隆形成水平、转移能力及抗凋亡能力提高,而PIN处理后其增殖能力、克隆形成能力、转移能力及抗凋亡能力降低。敲低CHRM1后,细胞的转移能力及抗凋亡能力降低,且电镜下出现凋亡小体。在细胞迁移与侵袭实验中发现其转移能力与肿瘤的上皮–间充质转化(EMT)有关。同时,CHRM1通过PI3K/AKT信号通路调控肿瘤细胞进程。该研究结果提示,CHRM1在前列腺癌细胞中调节PI3K/AKT信号通路促进,前列腺癌增殖、转移并抵抗肿瘤细胞凋亡。     

KLF5 influences cell biological function and chemotherapy sensitivity through the JNK signaling pathway in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma

We aimed to investigate the effects of Krüppel‐like factor 5 (KLF5) on cell biological function and chemotherapy sensitivity of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) and explore the underlying mechanism. In this study, we found that KLF5 was expressed higher in ATC cells than that in normal thyroid cells. Knockdown of KLF5 inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis and restrained invasion and migration abilities of ATC cells. KLF5 overexpression promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of ATC cells in response to doxorubicin (Dox), whereas KLF5 knockdown increased the sensitivity of ATC cells to Dox. Multidrug resistance gene 1/permeability glycoprotein and ATP‐binding cassette superfamily G member 2 were heightened in ATC cells with KLF5 overexpression, but the opposite results were found in sh‐KLF5‐treated cells. Phosphorylation (p)‐c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) was upregulated in KLF5 overexpression cells, whereas it was downregulated in the KLF5 knockdown treatment group. Furthermore, KLF5 knockdown inhibited ATC growth and enhanced the Dox sensitivity of ATC by inactivating the JNK signaling pathway. Taken together, our findings concluded that KLF5 knockdown can remarkably inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration and induce apoptosis of ATC cells, and increase the chemotherapy sensitivity of ATC, all of which probably through inhibiting the JNK signaling pathway.     

Oestrogen mediates the growth of human thyroid carcinoma cells via an oestrogen receptor-ERK pathway

Abstract.   Objectives: Although thyroid cancer occurs much more frequently in females, the role of sex hormones in thyroid carcinogenesis is unknown. In this study, it has been investigated how 17β-oestradiol (E2) influenced proliferation and growth of thyroid cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Cell proliferation and its related molecules were examined in thyroid papillary carcinoma cells (KAT5), follicular thyroid carcinoma cells (FRO) and anaplastic carcinoma cells (ARO). Levels of oestrogen receptor (ER) α and β were regulated by their agonists (PPT and DPN), antagonists and siRNA. Results: E2 promoted cell proliferation. Such an effect was positively related to ERα but negatively to ERβ; PPT enhanced cell proliferation while DPN inhibited it. PPT increased Bcl-2 expression while DPN decreased it. DPN also elevated Bax expression. PPT elevated the level of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK1/2), suggesting a positive role of ERK1/2 in E2-induced cell proliferation. Knockdown of ERα significantly attenuated E2-mediated Bcl-2 and pERK1/2 expression. In contrast, knockdown of ERβ markedly enhanced them. Conclusions: Oestrogen stimulates proliferation of thyroid cancer cells, associated with increase in Bcl-2 and decrease in Bax levels in an ERK1/2-related pathway. Imbalance between ERα and ERβ may contribute to thyroid carcinogenesis.     

The Role of Podoplanin in the Biology of Differentiated Thyroid Cancers

Podoplanin (PDPN), a mucin-type transmembrane glycoprotein specific to the lymphatic system is expressed in a variety of human cancers, and is regarded as a factor promoting tumor progression. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the molecular role of PDPN in the biology of thyroid cancer cells. PDPN expression was evaluated in primary thyroid carcinomas and thyroid carcinoma cell lines by RT-qPCR, Western blotting, IF and IHC. To examine the role of podoplanin in determining a cell''s malignant potential (cellular migration, invasion, proliferation, adhesion, motility, apoptosis), a thyroid cancer cell line with silenced PDPN expression was used. We observed that PDPN was solely expressed in the cancer cells of 40% of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissues. Moreover, PDPN mRNA and protein were highly expressed in PTC-derived TPC1 and BcPAP cell lines but were not detected in follicular thyroid cancer derived cell lines. PDPN knock-down significantly decreased cellular invasion, and modestly reduced cell migration, while proliferation and adhesion were not affected. Our results demonstrate that PDPN mediates the invasive properties of cells derived from papillary thyroid carcinomas, suggesting that podoplanin might promote PTC progression.     

A potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target: SPOCK1 promotes the proliferation,metastasis, and apoptosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a common malignancy originated from the digestive system worldwide, has a poor clinical outcome. SPOCK1 is a widely investigated member of the Ca²⁺-binding proteoglycan family and functions as an essential driver in several cancers. However, the complex regulatory role of SPOCK1 in PDAC is unclear. Bioinformatics analysis predicted an interrelationship between increased SPOCK1 expression and the clinical characteristics of patients with PDAC. The SPOCK1 expression levels in fresh tissue samples were confirmed, and SPOCK1 expression was then knocked down by lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA. Cell proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis were detected through Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation assays, invasion and migration assays, flow cytometric analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot experiment. On the basis of the Cancer Genome Atlas database, we found a significantly higher level of SPOCK1 in PDAC than in adjacent nontumor tissues. Patients with PDAC with high SPOCK1 expression exhibited shorter overall survival time, as well as disease-free survival time. The knockdown of SPOCK1 significantly decreased the proliferation and metastasis of PCNA-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cells. Moreover, the knockdown of SPOCK1 led to cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and increased the proportion of apoptotic PDAC cells by regulating members of the caspase and Bcl-2 families. Our data proved that SPOCK1 is a critical regulator of tumor proliferation and metastasis in PDAC cells. Therefore, SPOCK1 might be a potential prognostic and therapeutic target molecule in PDAC.     

Parathyroid hormone type 1 receptor regulates osteosarcoma K7M2 Cell growth by interacting with angiotensinogen

This study aimed to determine the interactions between parathyroid hormone type 1 receptor (PTHR1) and angiotensinogen (AGT) and the effects of these agents on osteosarcoma (OS). We constructed a stably transfected mouse OS K7M2 cell line (shPTHR1- K7M2) using shRNA and knocked down AGT in these cells using siRNA-AGT. The transfection efficiency and expression of AGT, chemokine C-C motif receptor 3 (CCR3), and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 9 (CCL9) were determined using real-time quantitative PCR. Cell viability and colony formation were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 and crystal violet staining, respectively. Cell apoptosis and cycle phases were assessed by flow cytometry, and cell migration and invasion were evaluated using Transwell assays. Interference with PTHR1 upregulated the expression of AGT and CCR3, and downregulated that of CCL9, which was further downregulated by AGT knockdown. Cell viability, migration, invasion and colony formation were significantly decreased, while cell apoptosis was significantly increased in shPTHR1-K7M2, compared with those in K7M2 cells (P < .05 for all). However, AGT knockdown further inhibited cell viability after 72 h of culture but promoted cell migration and invasion. PTHR1 interference decreased and increased the numbers of cells in the G0/G1 and G2/M phases, respectively, compared with those in K7M2 cells. Angiotensinogen knockdown increased the number of cells in the G0/G1 phase compared with that in the shPTHR1-K7M2 cells. Therefore, PTHR1 affects cell viability, apoptosis, migration, invasion and colony formation, possibly by regulating AGT/CCL9 in OS cells.     

Diagnostic and mechanistic values of microRNA-130a and microRNA-203 in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma

This research was determined to unearth the diagnostic values and the effects of microRNA (miR)-130a and miR-203 on cell proliferation and apoptosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Expression of miR-130a and miR-203 were evaluated and were subjected to correlation analysis. The diagnostic values of miR-130a and miR-203 and their associations with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with PTC were measured. The expression levels of miR-130a and miR-203 in K1, IHH4, TPC-1, and BCPAP cells together with Nthy-ori 3-1 cells were measured. Cells were transfected with miR-130a mimics, miR-203 mimics, and coordinate of miR-130a mimics and miR-203 mimics. Cell growth, colony formation, and apoptosis were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry. PTC tissues had decreased miR-130a and miR-203 relative to adjacent normal tissues and normal thyroid tissue (both P < .05). miR-130a was in positive correlation with miR-203 (r = 0.754, P < .01). miR-130a was related with tumor infiltration and tumor stage while miR-203 was implicated in tumor stage and lymph-node metastasis. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, as well as specificity for miR-130 in predicting PTC was 0.839, 74.5%, and 85.0% and those for miR-203 were 0.818, 73.7%, and 84.0%, respectively. PTC cells had lower expression of miR-130a and miR-203 than that in Nthy-ori 3-1 cells. After transfected miR-130a and miR-203 mimics in BCPAP and TPC-1 cells, both cells had increased miR-130a and miR-203, promoted cell apoptosis rate and decreased cell growth rate, and colony formation ability. After coordinately transfected with miR-130a mimics and miR-203 mimics, the cell growth and colony formation ability of PTC cells were restrained, and apoptosis of PTC cells was elevated (all P < .05). This study highlights that miR-130a and miR-203 have satisfactory diagnostic value in PTC and upregulated miR-130a and miR-203 can inhibit PTC cell growth and promote cell apoptosis.     

Growth‐associated protein 43 promotes thyroid cancer cell lines progression via epithelial‐mesenchymal transition

Thyroid cancer is maintaining at a high incidence level and its carcinogenesis is mainly affected by a complex gene interaction. By analysis of the next‐generation resequencing of paired papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and adjacent thyroid tissues, we found that Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP43), a phosphoprotein activated by protein kinase C, might be novel markers associated with PTC. However, its function in thyroid carcinoma has been poorly understood. We discovered that GAP43 was significantly overexpressed in thyroid carcinoma and these results were consistent with that in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. In addition, some clinicopathological features of GAP43 in TCGA database showed that up‐regulated GAP43 is significantly connected to lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001) and tumour size (P = 0.038). In vitro experiments, loss of function experiments was performed to investigate GAP43 in PTC cell lines (TPC‐1 and BCPAP). The results proved that GAP43 knockdown in PTC cell significantly decreased the function of cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion and induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we also indicated that GAP43 could modulate the expression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐related proteins, which could influence invasion and migration. Put those results together, GAP43 is a gene which was associated with PTC and might be a potential therapeutic target.