Pompholyx (Epidermophytosis,Dermatophytosis, Ringworm of the feet,infectious eczematoid dermatitis or ringworm,dyshidrosis)

Summary Pompholyx as the oldest term for this disease in medical terminology, connoting a recurrent vesicular eruption on palms and soles, is recommended for general use in replacing a number of prejudicial terms connecting this condition either with a hypothetical and long reputed dysfunction of the sweat glands: dyshidrosis or with the causative role of fungi: epidermophytosis.Publications of statistical investigations pertaining to the subject are reviewed. They show the amazing low percentage of pathogenic fungi which could be recovered in this condition.Among clinically active cases, the lesions were microscopically negative in the ratio of 10% to 37%.Clinically active and microscopically fungus-positive cases yielded from 80% to 95 % negative cultural results.The present study of 983 cases showed 1.9% clinically active lesions on the feet. Microscopically and culturally all these cases were negative for any kind of pathogenic fungi.During the camping period in mid-summer 1940, from June to late August, no prophylactic measures were taken to kill the fungi or to prevent their dissemination in locker rooms, on runways or shower rooms.Despite this attitude there was no spread of fungi, no dissemination of infecting agents and no outburst of an epidemic of epidermophytosis.     

近视的药物治疗及手术治疗研究进展

近视是最常见的眼病之一,近年来,由于近视的发病率逐年上升,已成为世界性医学问题,近视眼的治疗也成为研究重点。药物研究和手术治疗是近视的治疗目前的研究热点,并已经取得一定得成果。药物方面,阿托品,托品酰胺,哌仑西平,消旋山莨菪碱对近视的控制作用都有被证实,但由于应用上还有一定的副作用,远期效果也不明确,需要进一步研究。手术方面,近视眼手术主要分为角膜屈光手术和眼内屈光手术。LASIK手术是目前应用最广泛的角膜屈光手术方法,SBK手术,飞秒激光手术等技术也日趋成熟。但是,角膜手术存在着一定的风险,应用范围也较为局限,需要进一步研究。眼内屈光手术主要为有晶体眼的人工晶体植入术(PIOL)和屈光性晶状体置换术,矫正的范围更加大,但是眼内手术并发症较多,也需要进一步研究和改进。     

Treatment of exophthalmos

Current procedures for Graves' exophthalmos fail to achieve complete correction. The standard orbital decompressions were therefore modified to maximize the degree of volumetric increase behind the axis of the globe. In 15 orbits, the preoperative exophthalmos averaged 9.5 mm, whereas the postoperative exophthalmos was 4.1 mm. Postoperative CT study demonstrated that the remaining posterior orbital wall, combined with the persistently increased intraocular muscle volume, blocked retrodisplacement of the globe, despite adequate total volumetric increase. The increased muscle volume varied from 2 to 5 cc. Despite this residual exophthalmos, the modified four-wall expansion provides excellent aesthetic results with visual improvement and resolution of chemosis and exposure keratitis.