A revision of Sabella, Bispira and Stylomma (Polychaeta: Sabellidae)

Sabella is rediagnosed to include only species that have spiralled fascicles of abdominal chaetae, first thoracic shield with straight anterior border and radioles that lack composite eyes and flanges. Spirographis spallanzanii is synonymous with Sabella penicillus . The type of the genus is discussed and a neotype designated. The only other species retained in Sabella are S. pavonina and S. discifera ( = Branchiomma linaresi , once misplaced in Megalomma , but abdominal fascicles of Megalomma form transverse rows). Most species formerly placed in Sabella are transferred to Bispira , having C-shaped fascicles of abdominal chaetae, first thoracic shield with a 'W-shaped anterior border and, in most species, radioles with paired composite eyes and flanges. Bispira , with B. volutacornis as the type species, is rediagnosed to include B. crassicomis, B. fabricii, B. melanostigma, B. tricyclia, B. viola, B. manicata, B. poricfera, B, mariae, B. elegans, B. brunnea, B. guinensis, B. secusolutus, B. wireni, B. oatesiana, B. spirobranchia, B. pacifica, B. monroi , and B. turneri , many of which are described fully for the first time. Only five of these form bispiral crowns (bispirality is useful only specifically and occurs in other genera) and one, B. tricyclia , has a unispiral crown. Sabella palmata Quatrefages, the type of Stylomma is redescribed and its synonyms discussed. This genus has abdominal fascicles like those of Bispira , but radiolar eyes like those of Megalomma . The relative advantages of chaetal arrangement and eye position are discussed.     

Two new species of the diatom genusChaetoceros (Bacillariophyta)

Two new planktonic diatom species of the genusChaetoceros are described herein:Ch. octagonus andCh. rectus, from material of Baja California coasts and the Gulf of California, respectively;Ch. rectus was also found in a sample from Australian waters.Ch. octagonus is a robust species, with a characteristic pyramidal valve shape, heavily silicified valves and setae, and one central rimoportula on every valve in the chain; it is compared with related species, which show a similar morphology, especially by electron microscopy. It belongs into subg.Chaetoceros, sect.Borealia. Ch. rectus is placed in subg.Hyalochaete, and provisionally within sect.Anastomosantia. Its major characters are: chains, cells, and setae are delicate and fragile, cells are joined in the chain by a bridge which connects sibling intercalary setae, valves and setae are weakly silicified, and one rimoportula is present on terminal valves only. Comparison is made with another species of the same section.Ch. rectus shows a different manner of chain-forming within the genus than previously described in the literature.     

Two new species of the orientalis group of Rheocricotopus (Psilocricotopus) from China (Diptera: Chironomidae)

Rheocricotopus (Psilocricotopus) calviculus sp. n. and R. (P.) villiculus sp. n. from China are described as male imagines. The species are closely related to the previously described R. (P.) orientalis Wang forming a new group, the orientalis group, which eventually may deserve the rank of subgenus or even genus. The group is distinguished by lacking a humeral pit, numerous sensilla clavata on third palpomere, cuneiform wings, no or few setae on squama, long legs, banded abdomen, very long inferior volsella, gonocoxite with apical extensions, and gonostylus with a median triangular projection.     

Palp morphology in two species of Prionospio (Polychaeta: Spionidae)

The palp morphology of Prionospio fallax Söderström, 1920 from Sweden and Prionospio cf. saldanha Day, 1961 from Thailand was examined with a scanning electron microscope. Prionospio fallax was also studied in vivo using light-microscopy. Both species have grooved feeding palps, adorned with up to five ciliary characters: frontal cilia, transverse ciliary bands (or bandlets), latero-frontal cirri, lateral cilia and randomly distributed non-motile cirri. All, except the frontal cilia and non-motile cirri, are asymmetrically arranged relative to the long axis of the palps. Prionospio fallax possesses transverse bandlets and the other four groups, while P. cf. saldanha has transverse bands (consisting of several contiguous bandlets), frontal cilia and some randomly scattered cirri. Asymmetrical palp ciliation was previously only known in Marenzelleria viridis (Verril, 1873) and the genus Scolelepis Blainville, 1828. The newly recognised transverse ciliary bands and bandlets are considered to be homologous with the transverse ciliary rows found basally on the palps of Paraprionospio pinnata (Ehlers, 1901). This multistate character (named transverse cilia) may prove useful in elucidating the phylogeny of the Prionospio-complex of genera.     

Contributions to the taxonomy of Sabellidae (Polychaeta)

The genus Potamilla Malmgren is particularly characterized by dorsal lips which lack any radiolar midrib; Pseudopotamilla Bush by compound radiolar eyes, dorsal collar lappets and flanges alongside the bases of the most dorsal radioles; Demonax Kinberg by a wide dorsal collar gap and companion setae with big heads and narrow blades; and Potamethus Chamberlin by an elongated first segment, enlarged ventral sacs, very long shafts to the thoracic uncini, and inferior abdominal setae much shorter than the superior ones. Perkinsiana gen. nov . lacks most of these characters, but the type species 'Potamilla' rubra Langerhans is remarkable in having red blood. It bores into limestone abundantly off S Wales and is here redescribed. Oriopsis hynensis sp. nov . from SW Ireland has a smooth collar set low on the first segment, with its ventral margin entire and free from the apex of the peristome. The new name Demonax langerhansi is proposed for Sabella (Potamilla) incerta Langerhans non Demonax incertus Kinberg.     

Two new Megalothorax species of the minimus group (Collembola,Neelidae)

Two new Megalothorax species, Megalothorax potapovi sp. n. from the Russian Far East and Megalothorax sanguineus sp. n. from the French Pyrénées are described. The two new species have a set of morphological characters (including a smooth mucro) that places them among the minimus group sensu Schneider and D’Haese (2013). Megalothorax potapovi characteristics include dorsal protuberance on forehead, peculiar chaetotaxy of antenna III and strong lanceolate chaetae on body. Megalothorax sanguineus characteristics include strong red pigmentation, large network of integumentary channels on head and elongated apex of the two postero-distal spines of dens. The DNA barcodes ( cytochrome oxidase subunit I–COI) of the two species are also provided and analyzed among a broader sampling of the genus in order to support further their specific status. A special focus is given to the labral morphological characteristics. Pseudopores-like elements are reported for the first time in the genus. Positions of the τ-chaetae near the dorsal sensory field of thorax II are compared for several species of the genus.     

Two new and three redescribed species of Viscosia (Nematoda,Oncholaimidae)

Viscosia coomansi sp. nov. and Viscosia heterolaina sp. nov. are described from Lake Grevelingen and Eastern Scheldt (The Netherlands). Viscosia glabra (Bastian, 1865) de Man 1890, Viscosia franzii Boucher 1977, and Viscosia viscosa (Bastian 1865) de Man 1890 are redescribed, taking into account new important characters. Juvenile specimens are depicted for V. viscosa. Viscosia carnleyensis Ditlevsen, 1921 is synonymized with Viscosia glabra (Bastian, 1865). Mononcholaimus viscosus Allgén, 1930 and Mononcholaimus elegans sensu Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1942, 1950 (nec. Kreis, 1924) are synonymized with Viscosia viscosa (Bastian, 1865).     

Two new species and one new variety of Oudemansiella (Agaricales) from Japan

Two new species and one new variety of Oudemansiella (Agaricales) from Japan are described and illustrated: (1) Oudemansiella latilamellata sp. nov. (subgenus Xerula, section Radicatae) has relatively broad lamellae and broadly ellipsoid spores with a subacute apex; (2) Oudemansiella rhodophylla sp. nov. (subgenus Xerula, section Radicatae), growing in deciduous forests of Fagus crenata, Quercus crispula, etc., is characteristic in having lamellae tinted reddish; and (3) Oudemansiella amygdaliformis var. bispora var. nov. (subgenus Xerula, section Albotomentosae) is distinguished from the type variety by having two-spored basidia and grows in evergreen oak forests (Castanopsis sieboldii, Quercus glauca, etc.) or bamboo groves.     

Two new species of the genus Rhynchonema (Nematoda,Xyalidae) from Amakusa,south Japan

During the ecological studies on marine nematodes in the intertidal zone and an adjacent seagrass Zostera marina Linne bed in Amakusa, south Japan, two new species of the genus Rhynchonema Cobb, 1920 were found. They are described as R. kikuchii and R. amakusanum. Up to now, Rhynchonema species were unknown from Japan.     

A new species ofCrepidotus (Crepidotaceae)

Crepidotus ehrendorferi spec. nova (sect.Sphaerula) is similar to the North AmericanC. sinuosus and differs mainly by the anatomy of pileicutis with unseptated, long, slender terminal hyphae and some macroscopical characters. It is compared also withC. applanatus andC. crocophyllus. C. ehrendorferi is a very conspicuous, wood-inhabiting species known up to now from a very old forest reserve close to the city of Vienna (Austria).     

Two new species of Serjania (Sapindaceae) from southeastern Brazil

One new species ofSerjania (S. erythrocaulis) belonging to theS. paradoxa group ofSerjania sect.Eurycoccus is described and illustrated bringing the total number of species in this group to eight. A second new species,Serjania divaricocca, belonging to sect.Serjania is also described and illustrated.

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Resumen  Una especie neuva deSerjania (S. erythrocaulis) perteneciente al grupoS. paradoxa de la secciónEurycoccus es descrita e ilustrada. Con esta especie, el numero total de especies conocidas para este grupo aumenta a ocho. Una segunda nueva especie,Serjania divaricocca, perteneciente a la secciónSerjania es también descrita e ilustrada.

     

中国赤星衣属一新种和一新记录种(茶渍目:赤星衣科)

该研究对采自于我国的200余份赤星衣属(Haematomma)地衣标本利用形态学、化学、生态学等特征进行了综合研究,发现赤星衣属一新种和一中国新记录种。新种为砖壁赤星衣(H.muriformis R.Tang&Z.J.Ren),主要特征为子囊盘红色,孢子砖壁型,较宽(75~87.5×12.5~20μm),所含化学物质为atranorin、haematommone和arthothelin。中国新记录种为马托赤星衣(H.matogrossense Kalb&Staiger)。该文对新种和中国新记录种进行了详细的特征描述,提供了形态和解剖照片,同时提供了已知中国赤星衣属地衣物种的检索表。该研究充实了赤星衣属地衣的数据信息资源库,为《中国地衣志》的编写提供了基础资料。     

Two new Brazilian species and new combinations in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Euploca</Emphasis> (Heliotropiaceae)

Summary  Two new species of Euploca (Heliotropiaceae): E. krapovickasii J. I. M. Melo & Semir and E. pottii J. I. M. Melo & Semir are described for Brazil, and 12 new combinations are proposed in neotropical Euploca. Discussions of taxonomic relationships based on morphology, with illustrations and information on geographical distribution, flowering and fruiting phenology are presented.     

Three new species of Hyalella from Chile (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyalellidae)

Hyalella is the only epigean freshwater amphipod present in Chile . H. chiloensis, H. costera and H. kochi are here described and illustrated. H. kochi is distributed in highland areas of the Andes in northern Chile; it is characterized by a short ramus on uropod 3 and a hammer-shaped gnathopod 1. H. costera and H. chiloensis are present in lowland areas, the latter restricted to the southern part of the country. These two species have a long ramus on uropod 3, but they differ in the shape and length of the palp on maxilla 1, the setation of peraeopods 3, 4, and telson. The presence in Chile of H. fossamancinii Cavalieri, 1959 is also reported here.     

中国蜘蛛抱蛋属二新记录种

首次报道了黄瓣蜘蛛抱蛋(Aspidistra lutea H.-J.Tillich)和吉婆岛蜘蛛抱蛋(A.arnautovii H.-J.Tillich)在中国的分布。这两种植物分别被发现于广西西南部的靖西县、龙州县。文中提供了形态学描述和图片。凭证标本存放于广西植物标本馆(IBK)。     

Two new species of Huberia (Melastomataceae: Merianieae) from Brazil

Two new Brazilian species of the genusHuberia,H. carvalhoi andH. consimilis, are described, discussed, and illustrated.Huberia carvalhoi is endemic to Bahia;H. consimilis has a wider distribution, with disjunct populations in Pernambuco, Bahia, and Rio de Janeiro. A key is provided to the three Bahia taxa with some comments on the taxonomic affinities of the two new species.     

四川毛茛科二新种——乌头属一新种和唐松草属一新种

该文描述了自四川西部发现的毛茛科二新种,包括四川乌头属一新种,即泸定乌头(Aconitum ludingense W.T.Wang),此新种隶属于乌头属乌头亚属,以及四川唐松草属一新种,即狭药唐松草(Thalictrum stenantherum W.T.Wang),给出了此新种与其近缘种六脉萼唐松草之间的形态区别.