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为了完善有关裂叶苔科植物孢子、弹丝和油体的研究,为该科植物的分类提供详细的资料,利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察裂叶苔科(Lophoziaceae)11种植物的孢子、弹丝和油体的形态特征,其中有6种具备了孢子和弹丝的形态特征,9种具备了油体的形态特征。结果表明:(1)裂叶苔科的6种植物的孢子为球形、近球形和椭圆形;颜色为褐色、红褐色和黄褐色;直径在10~16μm,属于小型孢子(MI);近极面向内凹,纹饰为疣状、棍棒状、刺状、颗粒状和短棒状。(2)弹丝均为紧密双螺旋状,两端圆钝,表面平滑或具稀的颗粒2种。(3)裂叶苔科的9种植物的油体形状为球形、椭圆形、球形或卵形,直径在3~10μm。本研究对这11种植物的孢子、弹丝和油体进行了详细的描述并附图示,为裂叶苔科植物的系统分类、演化研究提供基础资料。 相似文献
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山东假蹄盖蕨属植物孢子形态研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
本文采用了光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对山东分布的4种假蹄盖蕨(其中鲁山假蹄盖蕨Athyriopsis lushanensis J.X.Li,sp.nov.和山东假蹄盖蕨A.sh-andongensi,J.X.Li et Z.C.Ding,sp.nov.为新种[1],中日假蹄盖蕨A.kiusianum(Koidz.)Ching为我国新记录)孢子形态进行了系统的观察,其孢子周壁纹饰在种间有着显著的差异,为其种间分类提供了孢粉学的依据。 相似文献
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中国假蒴苞苔属的分类研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对中国假蒴苞苔属进行了较详尽的分类研究,除了证实黄色假蒴苞苔在我国南方的广泛分布外,发现并描述了2个新种:厚角假蒴苞苔和小假蒴包苔。 相似文献
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采用扫描电镜对山东假瘤蕨(Phymatopsis shandongensis J.X.Li et C.Y.Wang)和金鸡脚假瘤蕨(P.hastata(Thunb.)Pic.Serm.)正常发育的成熟孢子进行了系统地观察研究。结果显示,前者孢壁纹饰属粗糙型,后者孢壁纹饰属粗刺型,两者孢壁纹饰差异显著;孢壁纹饰特征在植物分类中具有重要意义,依据孢壁纹饰,山东假瘤蕨应为一个独立的物种,不宜并入金鸡脚假瘤蕨;建议恢复山东假瘤蕨在植物分类学上的种级地位。本研究还提供了金鸡脚假瘤蕨孢子形态特征;补充了假瘤蕨属的扫描电镜孢壁纹饰新资料。研究结果为弄清这两种植物的分类归属提供了孢粉学依据。 相似文献
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卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔抗氧化活性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用3种方法DPPH、ABTS和FRAP分析两种苦苣苔科植物卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔提取物总抗氧化作用.在4种提取物中,卷丝苣苔甲醇提取物对DPPH自由基的清除能力(IC50=4.92μg/mL)比阳性对照BHT作用强(IC50=18.79 μg/mL);卷丝苣苔甲醇提取物对ABTS自由基的清除能力(IC50=11.10 μg/mL)比BHT(IC50=6.04 μg/mL)略低;卷丝苣苔甲醇提取物还原Fe3+的能力(FRAP=2403.77±38.05 μmol TE/g)比BHT(FRAP=1748.49±3.46 μmol TE/g)高.在4种提取物中,卷丝苣苔甲醇提取物抗氧化能力最高. 相似文献
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利用石蜡切片技术对瑶山苣苔大小孢子发生、雌雄配子体发育及胚胎发育进行了细胞学观察,结果表明:瑶山苣苔胚珠倒生,单珠被,薄珠心,具珠被绒毡层。大孢子母细胞减数分裂形成的四分体呈直线排列,合点端的大孢子发育为功能大孢子,其余3个大孢子退化,胚囊为单孢子发生的蓼型胚囊发育方式。花药为四囊形,花药壁由外到内依次为表皮、药室内壁、中层和腺质绒毡层,小孢子形成时胞质分裂为修饰性同时型,小孢子四分体排列方式为四面体形,成熟花粉为2核细胞。胚乳发育为细胞型,在胚的发育过程中被吸收耗尽。瑶山苣苔大小孢子发生和雌雄配子体发育基本正常,不是导致其濒危的原因。但瑶山苣苔果实成熟时,胚仅发育至球形胚时期,需要经过一定时间休眠才能完成形态后熟,表明胚未发育完全可能是该物种天然更新困难的原因之一。 相似文献
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卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔脂肪酸成分的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用索氏提取法提取,甲酯化处理后采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术首次对卷丝苣苔(Corallodiscus kingianus)和勐醒芒毛苣苔(Aeschynanthus mengxingensis)中脂肪酸成分进行了分析.从卷丝苣苔的脂肪酸成分中鉴定出33个化合物,占检出物总质量分数的95.44%,主要成分为9,12-十八碳二烯酸、(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸、十六烷酸.从勐醒芒毛苣苔的脂肪酸成分中鉴定出30个化合物,占检出物总质量分数的94.23%,主要成分为14-甲基-十五烷酸、(E)-9-十八碳烯酸、10,13-十八碳二烯酸.二者有15个组分是相同的. 相似文献
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Yu Jia Qiang He Feng-Xia Li Si He Mei-Zhi Wang Peng-Cheng Wu 《Journal of bryology》2013,35(4):312-326
An updated checklist of the Anthocerotae and Hepaticae for Qinling (Mts.) recognizes 261 species, 20 varieties, 9 subspecies and 2 forms in 86 genera and 44 families. The distributional ranges are provided for each taxon in Qinling. The information in this paper is based on a review of the previous reports up to 2014 and the specimens held in PE, KUN, HSNU, SDNU, WUK and WNU herbaria. Eight genera, 122 species, 6 varieties and 6 subspecies are new records for Qinling, including two taxa newly recorded for China. Fifteen species, 8 varieties, and 2 forms are endemic to China. 相似文献
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Summary Chloroplasts of many species of hornworts (Anthocerotae) have a structure that resembles the pyrenoid of green algae but whether these two structures are homologous has not been determined. We utilized immunogold labelling on thin sections to determine the distribution of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO), the major protein of algal pyrenoids, in sixteen hornwort species with and without pyrenoids. Several species (Phaeoceros laevis, Anthoceros punctatus, A. formosae, A. laminiferus, Folioceros fuciformis, Folioceros sp.,Dendroceros tubercularis, D. japonicus, D. validus, Notothylas orbicularis, N. temperata, andSpaerosporoceros adscendens) have uniplastidic (or primarily uniplastidic) cells with large prominent multiple pyrenoids. In all of these species, the labelling is found exclusively in the pyrenoid and, with the exception of theFolioceros, Dendroceros, andNotothylas species, the labelling is randomly distributed throughout the pyrenoid. In the exceptional species, the pyrenoids have prominent pyrenoglobuli or other inclusions that are unlabelled. InMegaceros flagellaris andM. longispirus, the cells are multiplastidic (with the exception of the apical cell and some epidermal cells) and the chloroplasts lack pyrenoids.Anthoceros fusiformis andPhaeoceros coriaceus have primarily uniplastidic cells but the chloroplasts lack pyrenoids; only an area of stroma in the center of the plastid devoid of starch, reminiscent of a pyrenoid, is found. In all of the species lacking pyrenoids, RuBisCo is found throughout the stroma, including the stromal spaces made by the so-called channel thylakoids. No preferential accumulation of RuBisCo is found in the pyrenoid-like region inA. fusiformis andP. coriaceus. These data indicate that 1) the hornwort pyrenoid is homologous to algal pyrenoids in the presence of RuBisCo; 2) that at least some of the RuBisCo in the pyrenoid must represent an active form of the enzyme; and 3) that, in the absence of pyrenoids, the RuBisCo is distributed throughout the stroma, as in higher plants.Abbreviations RuBisCo
ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase 相似文献
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记述了南海北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷涠洲油田流沙港组下部储油层所储原油中萃取出的孢子花粉化石28属58种及藻类化石2属3种。通过对比孢子花粉及藻类化石的油源,确定了含油区的油源岩;并根据各类孢型母体植物的古生态特征探讨了油源岩的形成环境。结果表明,中始新统至下渐新统流沙港组暗色泥质岩是北部湾盆地的主力油源岩,中上渐新统涠洲组暗色泥质岩也是该区的油源岩;该区油源岩形成于亚热带温暖潮湿气候下的湖泊沉积环境。 相似文献
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Diplazium mettenianum complex, including two polymorphic species D. mettenianum and D. griffithii, with normal-shaped spores collected from 62 sites. An analysis of 20 qualitative morphological characters showed that the
complex can be divided into five forms. A statistical analysis of 16 quantitative morphological characters supported the distinctness
of five forms which are regarded as independent species: D. mettenianum, D. fauriei, D. deciduum nom. nov. (=D. mettenianum var. tenuifolium), D. griffithii, and D. hayatamae sp. nov. A cytological study on 150 plants showed that D. deciduum and plants in a single population of D. fauriei are sexual hexaploids (2n=6x=246=123ll), and all others are sexual tetraploids (2n=4x=164=82ll).
Received 18 May 1998/ Accepted in revised form 3 December 1998 相似文献
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中国西南地区水龙骨属植物(水龙骨科)孢子形态研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对水龙骨属(PolypodiodesCh ing)植物11种(包括1变种)的孢子进行了观察和比较研究。其中,大部分种为首次报道。水龙骨属植物的孢子单裂缝,两侧对称,极面观椭圆形,赤道面观豆形或超半圆形,表面具疣状纹饰,多不具周壁。对光茎水龙骨(P.wattii)和日本水龙骨(P.niponica)、栗柄水龙骨(P.m icrorhizoma)与篦齿蕨(M etapolypodium manm eiense)亲缘关系进行了讨论,为该属植物的系统分类提供了孢粉学方面的证据。根据水龙骨属植物孢粉形态上的证据,水龙骨属植物是一个自然的分类群,赞成秦仁昌1978分类系统的分类处理。 相似文献
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Kunio Yamazaki 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(9):1449-1458
Radioresistance of the spores of 46 strains of Bacillus was determined based on their dose-survival curves. The spores were produced on three kinds of sporulating medium.The variations in the radioresistance among species and strains were found, and also the radioresistance of spores depended upon the sporulating medium. The shapes of dose-survival curves are closely associated with the taxonomical groups of the genus Bacillus.Radioresistance of the spores showed no apparent correlation to their contents of dipicolinic acid, calcium and magnesium, but a slight correlation was observed between radioresistance and the molar ratio of Ca to DPA or Mg to Ca. Radioresistance of the spores in some groups correlated to their GC content, but no correlation was found in the other species. There was no correlation between heat resistance and radioresistance. 相似文献
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Sixty-eight species of fossil spores and pollens referred to 39 genera extracted from the crude oil samples collected from the Turpan Basin of Xinjiang are recorded in this paper. Based on the investigations of fossil spores and pollens in petroleum, the questions on petroleum migration and source rocks are discussed. It is expounded and proved theoretically and practically that the phenomenon that the crude oil samples usually contain the fossil spores and pollen grains with different geological ages from reservoir rocks should result from petroleum migration, but not from resedimentation. The fossil spores and pollens in crude oil of the Middle Jurassic reservoir of the Qiktim Oil-Field of the Turpan Basin comprise mainly Leiotriletes pflugi, Deltoidospora gradata, D. magna, Cyathidites australir, C. minor, Biretisporites cf. potoniaei, Dictyophyllidites harrisii. Cibotiumspora paradoxa, C. jurienensis, Gleicheniidites rousei, G. conflexus, Undulatisporites concavus, U. pflugii, Granulatisporites arenaster, G. minor, Todisporites minor, Osmundacidites wellmanii, dpiculatisporis variabilis, Leptolepidites major, Aratrisporites scabratus Cycadopites nitidus, C. typicus, C. subgranulosus, Chasmatosporites elegans, Classopollis classoides, C. itunen- sis, C. annulatus, C. qiyangensis, Callialarporites dampieri, C. radius, lnaperturopollenites det- tmannii, Protoconiferus funarius, Paleoconiferus asaccatus, CaytonipoUenites pallidus, Vitreis- porites jurassicus, V. jansonii, Pseudowalchia ovalis, P. landesii, P. biangulina, Podocarpidites unicus, P. major, P. multicinus, P. multesimus, P. rousei, P. wapellaensis, Platysaccus lopsinensis, Ovalipollis enigmatica, O. minor, O. canadensis, Pteruchipollenites thomasii, Alisporites grandis, A. bilateralis, Pityosporites similis, P. divulgatus, Piceites expos us, P. podocarpoides, P. latens, Protopicea exilioides, Pseudopicea variabitifornus, Piceaepollenites complanatiformus, Abietineaepollenites dunrobinensis, A. microalatus, A. minimus, Cedripites minor, Eucommiidites troedssonii, etc. Some of the species are also found from the crude oil sampls taken from the Middle Jurassic reservoir of the Shengjinkou Oil-Field of the Turpan Basin. The above mentioned species of spores and pollens are widely distributed in the Lower to Middle Jurassic sediments of North America, Europe, Australia and China. They have also been found from the Lower to Middle Jurassic sediments of the Turpan Basin. Judging from the spores and pollen in petroleum, it may be concluded that the Lower Jurassic Badaowan-Sangonhe Formation and the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao-Toudenhe Formation should contain the favorable petroleum source rocks in the basin. As to petroleum migration mechanism, it is considered that petroleum must have migrated for comparatively short distances to accumulate into petroleum pools in this region. 相似文献
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Forty-six species of fossil spores and pollen referred to 30 genera extracted from the crude oil samples collected from the Kashi Depression of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang were recorded . Based on the investigations of the palynomorphs in crude oil. the petroleum source of the petroliferous region was traced and the petroleum migration mechanism is discussed. The fossil spores and pollen found from crude oil of the Neogene reservoir of the Kelatuo Oilfield of the Kashi Depression comprised mainly Deltoidospora lineata, Cyathidites australis, C. minor, Gleicheniidites rousei, Dictyophyllidites harrisii, Cibothtmspora paradoxa, Todisporites major, Granulatisporites minor, Leptolepidites major, Klukisporites variegatus, Murospora jurassica, M. minor, Paleoconiferus asaccatus, Vi!reisporites jurassicus, V. shouldicei, V. jansonii, Alisporites thomasii, A. lowoodensis, Podocarpidites florinii, P. langii, P. multicinus, P. multesimus. Quadraeculina limbata, Protopinus scanicus. Protopicea exiliolides, Piceites expositus. P. latens, Pinuspollenites labdacus. Piceaepollenites alatus, Cedripites minor, Chasmatosporites major, C. elegans, C. canadensis, Cycadopites nitidus, C. typicus, Ephedripites tertiarius, CerebropoUenites carlylensis, Classopollis classoides, C. annulatus, Caryapollenites simplex, Chenopodipollis multiplex, Artemisiaepollenes sellularis, etc. According to the characteristics of the petroleum sporo-pollen assemblage, the Lower Jurassic Kangsu Formation and the Middle Jurassic Yangye and Taerga Formations should be the petroleum source rock series of the Kashi Depression. Judging from the palynomorphs of the source rocks found in crude oil. It might be concluded that the fossil spores and pollen together with oil beads must have been expelled from the source rocks along microfissure avenuses during the primary migration along fissures, joints faults, and unconformity planes during the secondary migration. 相似文献