岷江柏野生居群和迁地保护居群的遗传多样性比较

通过分析岷江柏的迁地保护居群和野生居群的遗传多样性、遗传结构及居群间基因流,判断迁地保 护岷江柏居群的遗传多样性水平,为其迁地保护提供理论基础。本研究利用GBS（Genotyping-by-Sequencing） 测序技术获得的SNP位点对四川大渡河双江口岷江柏迁地保护移栽苗、苗圃播种苗及3个野生居群进行主成分分析（PCA分析）、聚类分析、分子进化树、遗传多样性和遗传结构分析。经过GBS测序共获得高质量Clean Data 118 321 514 728 bp,并开发了1947 047个tags,从中鉴定到了1 259 610个SNP位点。系统发育进化树显示大部分移栽岷江柏居群和野生岷江柏聚在一起,居群结构分析结果显示交叉验证错误率的谷值确定最优分群数为1。4个岷江柏居群的观测杂合度（H_o）、期望杂合度（H_e）、Shannon信息指数I（S_hi）、近交系数（F_is）、多态信息含量（P_ic）的值分别为0.181 5~0.272 0、0.223 2~0.300 3、0.331 0~0.464 9、0.178 0~0.246 5和0.272 2~0.309 2,说明岷江柏居群的遗传多样性水平较高。移栽岷江柏居群的H_e=0.300 3,S_hi=0.464 9,岷江柏居群迁地保护居群遗传多样性总体水平略高于野生居群。野生岷江柏居群中白湾隧道（BW）_vs_松岗镇（SA）的遗传分化指数（F_st）较大,基因流（N_m）较小（F_st=0.091,N_m=2.496）,而迁地保护的岷江柏居群与野生岷江柏居群没有明显的遗传分化,居群间的基因交流频繁（F_st<0.05,基因流N_m>4）,说明没有明显的分群现象,岷江柏居群迁地保护居群遗传多样性较高。因此,移栽濒危植物是迁地保护过程中较好的方法,本文为以后野生岷江柏迁地保护提供参考,为其他树木种质资源的保存提供理论依据。     

珍稀濒危植物距瓣尾囊草遗传多样性的ISSR分析

利用ISSR分子标记,对狭域分布在四川省江油涪江上游区段的毛茛科濒危植物距瓣尾囊草(Urophysarockii Ulbrich)现存4个居群的遗传多样性进行了研究。结果显示:(1)14个引物共检测到121条清晰的谱带,其中多样性条带118条;距瓣尾囊草在物种水平上遗传多样性较高,多态位点百分率(PPB)为97.86%,Nei’s基因多样度指数(H)为0.306 9,Shannon’s多样性信息指数(Hsp)为0.466 3;在居群水平上遗传多样性相对偏低,PPB为63.22%,H为0.196 2,Shannon多样性信息指数(Hpop)为0.271 1。(2)3种方法分析显示,居群间遗传分化较低,AMOVA、Gst和(Hsp-Hpop)/Hsp分别为0.341 2、0.295 2和0.42,据此推测距瓣尾囊草繁育系统以异交为主。(3)经Mantel检验,居群间的遗传距离与地理距离之间存在正相关关系(r=0.742 4,P=0.089 0)。研究表明,人类活动的干扰和生境的片断化是导致距瓣尾囊草濒危现状的主要原因,建议对距瓣尾囊草全部居群的全部个体予以及时地就地保护;因遗传变异主要存在于居群内的个体间,故迁地保护时应在各居群内大量采样,以达到最大限度保存距瓣尾囊草遗传多样性的目的。     

Detection of Low Genetic Variation in a Critically Endangered Chinese Pine, Pinus squamata, Using RAPD and ISSR Markers

With only 32 individuals in the northeastern corner of Yunnan Province, China, Pinus squamata is one of the most endangered conifers in the world. Using two classes of molecular markers, RAPD and ISSR, its very low genetic variation was revealed. Shannon's index of phenotypic diversity (I) was 0.030, the mean effective number of alleles per locus (A_e) was 1.032, the percentage of polymorphic loci (P) was 6.45, and the expected heterozygosity (H_e) was 0.019 at the species level based on RAPD markers. The results of ISSR were consistent with those detected by RAPD but somewhat higher (I = 0.048, A_e = 1.042, P = 12.3, H_e = 0.029). The genetic variation of the subpopulation on the southwest-facing slope was much higher than that of the subpopulation on the northeast-facing slope, which may be attributed to the more diverse environment on the southwest-facing slope. The genetic differentiation between the two subpopulations was very low. The between-subpopulation variabilities, Φ_ST, calculated from RAPD and ISSR data were 0.011 and 0.024. Because of the lack of fossil records and geological historical data, it was difficult to explain the extremely low genetic diversity of the species. We postulate that this ancient pine might have experienced strong bottlenecks during its long evolutionary history, which caused the loss of genetic variation. Genetic drift and inbreeding in post-bottlenecked small populations may be the major forces that contribute to low genetic diversity. Human activities such as logging may have accelerated the loss of genetic diversity in P. squamata.     

云杉矮槲寄生遗传多样性的ISSR分析

为探究云杉矮槲寄生(Arceuthobium sichuanense)的遗传多样性及其与不同寄主选择压力和地理分布的关系,采用ISSR分子标记方法,对青海、甘肃、四川等地区5种寄主上的100份云杉矮槲寄生样本进行遗传多样性和遗传结构分析。结果表明:(1)10条引物共扩增出130个条带,其中多态性条带129条,多态位点百分率(PPB)为99.23%。(2)物种水平上的Nei’s遗传多样性指数(He)和Shannon信息指数(I)分别为0.313 9和0.476 5,表明云杉矮槲寄生物种水平的遗传多样性较高,但群体间的基因流(Nm=0.528 7)较弱,可能会加速群体间的遗传分化(Gst=0.486)。(3)UPGMA聚类结果显示,来自甘肃、青海的样本聚为一组,表现出较高的相似性,而四川的样本独立聚类;不同寄主来源的聚类结果显示,寄生于鳞皮云杉(Picea asperata)与川西云杉(P.likiangensis var.balfouriana)的样本聚为一类,而寄生于青海云杉(P.crassifolia)、青杄(P.wilsonii)和紫果云杉(P.purpurea)的样本聚为一类,表明地理隔离和寄主选择压力对云杉矮槲寄生的遗传分化起到了重要作用。     

濒危植物毛瓣金花茶遗传多样性的ISSR分析

采用ISSR分子标记对毛瓣金花茶6个自然居群的遗传多样性进行了分析。利用11个引物对150个个体进行了扩增,共扩增出92条条带,其中多态性条带74条。毛瓣金花茶在物种水平和居群水平都表现出相对较高的遗传多样性,在物种水平上,多态位点百分率(PPB)为80.43%,Nei’s基因多样性指数(h)为0.245 1,Shannon多样性指数(I)为0.377 6;在居群水平上,PPB为58.70%~66.30%,h为0.199 7~0.229 3,I为0.300 9~0.343 8。Nei’s遗传多样性分析和AMOVA分析表明,毛瓣金花茶的遗传变异主要存在于居群内,居群间的遗传分化程度较低(Gst=0.126 6,Φst=11.37%),基因流(Nm)为3.448 0。Mantel检测表明,居群间的遗传距离和地理距离之间存在显著的相关关系(r=0.755 1,P0.05)。研究认为,毛瓣金花茶较高的遗传多样性和较低的遗传分化可能与其异交型繁育系统和鸟类传粉有关。     

Genetic Variation in the Endangered Endemic Species Cycas fairylakea (Cycadaceae) in China and Implications for Conservation

Cycas fairylakea is an endangered endemic species in China. Genetic diversity within and among four natural populations of this species in China was investigated using amplified fragments length polymorphism (AFLP). A moderate to low level of intraspecific genetic diversity was detected in this species (at population level: P = 39.57 %, H₀ = 0.244; at species level: P = 60.22%, H₀ = 0.356). The among-population component accounted for, respectively, 25.7 and 31.5% of the genetic variation, according to AMOVA and Shannon’s index, indicating most of the genetic variation was found between individuals within populations. All four populations have opposite pyramid age structure, and few coning individuals, which is still decreasing. Possibly because of habitat degradation and environmental pollution, plant diseases and insect pests in the populations were extremely serious, suggesting that the main factors threatening the survival of C. fairylakea populations were not genetic variation, but human activities and the breeding system of this species.     

云南泸定百合遗传多样性的表型与ISSR分析

用表型变异分析并结合ISSR分子标记对云南境内10个泸定百合(Lilium sargenttiae)居群进行遗传多样性分析。结果显示:(1)云南10个泸定百合居群的7个表型性状的居群间F值在3.26～19.1之间,表型的居群间差异均达到显著或极显著水平;平均表型分化系数为71.22%,居群间变异(59.92%)大于居群内变异(23.42%),说明居群间表型变异是泸定百合居群变异的主要来源。(2)13个ISSR引物共检测到248个多态位点,物种水平上多态位点率98.80%,Nei’s多样性指数和Shannon多样性指数分别为0.265 5和0.413 1;居群内基因多样度(Hs)为0.175 7,居群间基因分化系数(Gst)0.336 7,Mantel检验显示泸定百合居群在地理距离和遗传距离间具有显著相关性(r=0.804 4,P=0.009 9)。研究表明,云南泸定百合的居群间表型和分子水平均具有较高的遗传多样性,居群间的遗传分化较大,并且分化趋势具有明显的地域性。因此,可选择迁地种植对泸定百合进行有效保护。     

枫香自然种群遗传多样性的ISSR分析

利用ISSR分子标记技术,对浙江省内枫香自然种群的遗传多样性进行分析。用10个引物对5个枫香种群共100个个体的样品DNA进行扩增,共测得135个位点,其中多态位点为118个,多态位点百分率(P)为87.41%,Shannon指数(I)为0.4646,Nei指数(h)为0.3122,表明枫香总体水平的遗传多样性较高。各种群的多态位点百分率平均为59.11%,Shannon指数平均为0.3660,Nei指数平均为0.2543。P、I、h均显示北山种群最高,天台山种群最低。AMOVA分子差异分析显示:85.49%的变异存在于种群内,14.51%存在于种群间,基因分化系数(Gst)为0.1856,种群间的遗传分化程度较低。种群间的基因流(Nm)为2.1944。5个种群间的平均遗传距离为0.1199。利用UPGMA法对5个种群进行聚类分析,结果分为两大类群:白云山、天台山、北山和安岱后4个种群组成一大类群;大明山种群单独为另一类群。     

濒危物种珊瑚菜遗传多样性的ISSR分析

该研究采用ISSR分子标记对中国10个居群的241个珊瑚菜样本进行了遗传多样性分析。结果显示:8条引物共检测到76条清晰谱带,其中多样性条带64条;POPGENE分析显示,其物种水平多样性条带百分率(PPB)为84.21%,有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.562 8,Shannon多样性指数(I*)为0.866 3,Nei’s遗传多样性指数(h*)为0.342 5,居群间的遗传分化系数(GST)为0.205,基因流(Nm)为1.939 1,表明野生珊瑚菜具有较高的遗传多样性,且大部分遗传多样性存在于居群内;AMOVA分析显示,珊瑚菜居群间遗传分化水平(FST)为0.259 1,也表明珊瑚菜居群内变异大于居群间变异。研究认为,珊瑚菜的濒危原因主要来源于野生生态环境的破坏,应当加强种质资源的保护。     

中型狼尾草种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析

运用ISSR标记对采自云南的25份野生种质和4份驯化新品系中型狼尾草材料进行遗传多样性分析。结果显示:(1)50条ISSR引物中共筛选出10条能扩增出清晰条带且多态性明显的引物,29份材料DNA共获得72个扩增位点,其中多态性位点62个,多态性比率为87.4%,平均每条引物扩增位点为7.2个;平均观察等位基因数(Na)、有效等位基因数(Ne)、Shannon多样性信息指数(I)和Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)分别为1.861 1、1.742 8、0.561 0和0.395 9;种质材料间的遗传相似性系数变幅为0.236~0.903,表现出丰富的遗传多样性。(2)利用UPGMA聚类分析,以遗传相似系数0.51为界,29份材料划分为4大类,但Mantel检测表明29份种质材料的遗传聚类和地理距离之间不存在显著的正相关关系(r=0.437 0,P=0.204 6)。研究结果首次从分子水平揭示了中型狼尾草的遗传多样性和变异水平,为合理地引种、驯化、保护和利用中型狼尾草野生资源提供了重要的参考依据和数据支持。     

东亚特有植物合被韭和长梗合被韭遗传多样性的ISSR分析

合被韭(Allium tubiflorum)和长梗合被韭(A.neriniflorum)是葱属(Allium L.)植物中花被片合生的类群,是东亚特有植物的典型代表,也是研究第四纪气候变化对东亚温带落叶林地变迁影响的理想模式植物。该研究对合被韭16个居群154个个体和长梗合被韭14个居群133个个体采用ISSR分子标记,分析不同居群合被韭和长梗合被韭DNA水平的差异和分化,揭示2个种的遗传多样性水平和遗传结构,探讨片段化生境对居群遗传多样性和遗传分化的影响。结果表明:(1)2个类群在种级水平的遗传变异丰富,合被韭的多态位点百分率(PPB)为98.00%,Nei’s基因多样度指数(H)为0.264 8,Shannon多样性信息指数(Ho)为0.415 3;长梗合被韭PPB为95.56%,H为0.253 9,Ho为0.399 8,但居群水平遗传多样性较低,遗传分化系数(Gst)分别为0.421 8和0.430 1,变异百分率分别为38.95%和39.17%,遗传变异主要存在于居群内部。(2)结合本研究结果和前人的细胞学研究资料,认为合被韭和长梗合被韭的进化驱动力是杂交和多倍化;合被韭和长梗合被韭均以鳞茎兼行无性繁殖,克服了杂交和多倍化带来的育性降低和居群个体数量下降,保存其变异;复杂的遗传背景和多样化的繁育方式极可能是导致居群内遗传分化显著的重要因素。(3)根据已有系统发育资料和本研究UPGMA聚类显示,合被韭和长梗合被韭在种级水平具紧密亲缘关系,互为姊妹类群。研究推测,这两种的分布重叠区域——燕山山脉、太行山脉及邻近地区可能是其祖先分布区,且该区域居群遗传变异最为丰富,因此,燕山山脉、太行山脉及邻近地区可能是合被韭和长梗合被韭的分化中心和遗传多样性中心。     

中国桑树选育品种ISSR指纹图谱的构建及遗传多样性分析

利用ISSR标记构建了24个选育桑品种的指纹图谱,用3种独立的方法（特殊的标记;特异的谱带类型;不同引物提供的谱带类型组合）可以有效地鉴别桑树选育品种,证明ISSR标记在桑树品种的鉴别方面是一个有效的工具和方法。17个ISSR引物共扩增出80条带,40条带具有多态性,占50．0％。24份选育桑树品种间平均遗传相似系数、Nei’S基因多样性（gene diversity）和Shannon’S信息指数分别为0．8731,0．1210和0．1942。桑树选育品种间的遗传多样性较低,说明中国选育桑品种间遗传距离较小,亲缘关系较近,。遗传基础较狭窄。UPGMA法聚类和PCA分析都清楚地显示了24个桑树选育品种的亲缘关系,聚类结果与桑树品种的系谱基本一致。     

宝兴百合与匍茎百合遗传多样性的ISSR分析

利用5条ISSR引物对宝兴百合(Lilium duchartrei)9个居群和匍茎百合(Lilium lankongense)13个居群的遗传多样性进行了初步检测。结果表明:(1)宝兴百合在物种水平上多态位百分率(PPB)为97.26%,Nei’s基因多样度(H)为0.309 8,Shannon’s多样性信息指数(Hsp)为0.469 4;匍茎百合在物种水平上多态位百分率(PPB)为100%,Nei’s基因多样度(H)为0.3390,Shannon’s多样性信息指数(Hsp)为0.503 0,均略高于宝兴百合。(2)宝兴百合与匍茎百合的遗传多样性在居群水平上相对较低;宝兴百合和匍茎百合居群间遗传分化系数(Gst)分别为0.642 5和0.563 7,表明2个物种居群间的遗传分化大于居群内的遗传分化。(3)经Mantel检测,两种居群间的遗传距离与地理距离均不存在显著的相关性(宝兴百合r=0.263 7,P=0.844 0;匍茎百合r=0.104 2,P=0.695 0);宝兴百合与匍茎百合的遗传多样性及遗传分化现状可能是两者的生活史特性、地理隔离等作用的结果。(4)UPGMA聚类结果显示,宝兴百合与匍茎百合在分子水平上出现了明显分化,支持二者是独立的物种。     

基于ISSR分子标记的西藏杓兰种群遗传多样性分析

西藏杓兰(Cypripedium tibeticum)是具有很高观赏和药用价值的兰科植物,已被列为中国优先保护的濒危植物。该研究采用ISSR分子标记技术,对采自中国西部地区的7个西藏杓兰种群进行遗传结构及遗传多样性分析,为中国野生西藏杓兰种质资源的保护提供理论依据。结果显示:(1)从100条ISSR引物中共筛选出12条多态性高、重复性好的引物,共检测出136个位点,多态位点百分率(PPB)达100%,总体Nei's基因多样性指数(H_e)和Shannon信息指数(I)分别为0.318 6和0.484 3,种群间的Nei's遗传距离在0.033 3～0.170 1之间,Nei's遗传相似度在0.843 5～0.967 3之间,总体遗传分化系数(G_(st))和基因流(N_m)分别为0.222 9和1.743 0。(2)基于UPGMA法和邻接法的种群系统聚类结果均显示出四川种群与陕西种群之间存在遗传分化。总体上西藏杓兰种群间遗传分化与地理隔离之间相关性不显著。研究认为,西藏杓兰种群在分子水平上具有丰富的遗传多样性,且四川种群与陕西种群已产生了遗传分化;ISSR分子标记可用于西藏杓兰种群遗传多样性、遗传结构及种群间遗传分化等方面的研究。     

Patterns of Genetic Variation in Swertia przewalskii, an Endangered Endemic Species of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Swertia przewalskii Pissjauk. (Gentianaceae) is a critically endangered and endemic plant of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. RAPD and ISSR analyses were carried out on a total of 63 individuals to assess the extent of genetic variation in the remaining three populations. Percentage of polymorphic bands was 94% (156 bands) for RAPD and 96% (222 bands) for ISSR. A pairwise distance measure calculated from the RAPD and ISSR data was used as input for analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). AMOVA indicated that a high proportion of the total genetic variation (52% for RAPD and 56% for ISSR) was found among populations; pairwise Φ _ST comparisons showed that the three populations examined were significantly different (p < 0.001). Significant genetic differentiation was found based on different measures (AMOVA and Hickory θ_B) in S. przewalskii (0.52 on RAPD and 0.56 on ISSR; 0.46 on RAPD and 0.45 on ISSR). The differentiation of the populations corresponded to low average gene flow (0.28 based on RAPD and 0.31 based on ISSR), whereas genetic distance-based clustering and coalescent-based assignment analyses revealed significant genetic isolation among populations. Our results indicate that genetic diversity is independent of population size. We conclude that although sexual reproduction and gene flow between populations of S. przewalskii are very limited, they have preserved high levels of genetic diversity. The main factors responsible for the high level of difference among populations are the isolation and recent fragmentation under human disturbance.     

山东丹参(Salvia miltiorrhiza)不同地理居群的遗传多样性

以山东泰安、临沂、莱芜、菏泽和潍坊5个居群的72份丹参株系为材料,利用ISSR引物进行群体遗传结构的研究。结果表明：8个ISSR引物在5个居群中共扩增出219个位点,平均可扩增出27条带,在种级水平及泰安、临沂、莱芜、菏泽和潍坊5个居群水平多态性位点百分比分别为98.63%、81.28%、66.67%、66.21%、51.14%和50.68%,种级水平的Nei基因多样性和Shannon信息指数大于各居群;5个居群Nei基因多样性和Shannon信息指数相比较,泰安〉临沂〉莱芜〉菏泽〉潍坊;根据基因分化系数,测得的基因流值Nm为4.2352;UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,莱芜居群和临沂居群遗传一致度最大,遗传关系最近,泰安居群与其它4个居群遗传关系最远;分析发现菏泽居群、泰安居群是相对独立的群体,但5个居群间存在部分基因交流。所有参数分析表明,泰安居群遗传多样性最丰富,故在制定原位种质保护计划时应优先考虑泰山周边地区的丹参。     

秦岭山区美容杜鹃五个野生种群遗传多样性的ISSR分析

美容杜鹃是杜鹃花科杜鹃花属常绿观花植物,也是秦岭地区的特有属,在维持当地生态平衡方面发挥着重要作用,但目前资源正在遭受严重的破坏。该文通过ISSR分子标记技术对秦岭地区5个美容杜鹃野生种群进行遗传多样性分析,了解美容杜鹃不同种群的遗传分化,从而为美容杜鹃野生种质资源保护策略的制定提供理论依据。用8个ISSR引物对5个天然种群的90个单株进行扩增,共扩增出78条带(平均每条引物产生9.75条带),其中65条带是多态的,多态位点占总位点的百分率为83%。种群总的Nei’s基因多样性指数为0.3386,Shannon信息多态性指数为0.4972,表明美容杜鹃总的遗传多样性水平较高。种群多态位点百分率为82.71%~90.25%,Shannon信息多态性指数为0.4161~0.5867,Nei’s基因多样性指数为0.3044~0.4122,表明美容杜鹃不同种群遗传多样性水平差异较大。其中镇安木王种群和柞水牛背梁种群的遗传多样性水平较高。AMOVA分析表明种群内的遗传变异(91.22%)大于种群间的遗传变异(8.78%)。UPGMA聚类分析表明5个种群的遗传分化程度与地理距离没有相关性。因此建议尽可能地保护美容杜鹃所有的天然种群原生境条件,以最大限度保护其遗传变异。由于镇安和柞水种群具有较高的遗传多样性,因此建议优先对这2个种群实施就地保护和迁地保护。     

Conservation Genetics of an Endangered Herb, Hanabusaya asiatica (Campanulaceae)

Abstract: Hanabusaya asiatica (Nakai) Nakai (Campanulaceae), a bee- pollinated, perennial herb, is restricted to the mountainous regions of the eastern-central Korean peninsula. Allozyme analyses for 348 individuals assessed the levels of genetic diversity for five populations. Spatial autocorrelation statistics were also used to examine the spatial distribution of allozyme polymorphisms. The species maintains high levels of allozyme diversity ( H _eS = 0.217) and it exhibits low allozyme differentiation among populations ( G _ST = 0.132) compared with other endemics (mean H _e = 0.096, G _ST = 0.248). There is an apparent pattern of isolation by distance among populations. These results suggest that H. asiatica is at a genetic equilibrium. A considerable deficit in numbers of heterozygotes suggests mating among relatives in populations. At least three populations of H. asiatica should be sampled or conserved to capture or maintain > 99 % of the genetic diversity in the species as a whole. Within local populations, individuals are distributed in a structured, isolation by distance, manner. Approximate genetic patch width in the populations of H. asiatica examined is 5 - 8 m. For conservation purposes, it is suggested that, in general, the sampling of H. asiatica should be conducted at intervals in order to efficiently sample the genetic diversity across an entire population.     

Construction of Fingerprinting and Genetic Diversity of Mulberry Cultivars in China by ISSR Markers

The ISSR fingerprintings of 24 mulberry cultivars were constructed. Totally 80 bands were produced using 17 primers selected from 20 primers. Of them, 40 bands showed polymorphism. From the bands amplified, there were three independent ways to identify the mulberry varieties, such as unique ISSR markers, unique band patterns and a combination of the band patterns provided by different primers. ISSRs were very effective in differentiating the mulberry varieties. The mean genetic similarity coefficient, the mean Nei's gene diversity (h), and the mean Shannon's Information index (I) of mulberry cultivars were 0.8731, 0.1210, and 0.1942, respectively. This suggests that the genetic diversity of mulberry cultivars was low and the genetic base was narrow. Both UPGMA cluster and PCA (Principal Coordinates Analysis) analysis showed clear genetic relationships among the 24 mulberry cultivars. The major clusters were related to known pedigree relationships.     

叶子花种质资源遗传多样性及亲缘关系的RAPD和ISSR分析

利用RAPD和ISSR标记对48份叶子花种质进行遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析。结果显示:(1)筛选出具有多态性的RAPD引物7条、ISSR引物11条,RAPD引物共扩增97条多态性条带,ISSR引物共扩增140条多态性带,多态性百分率均达100%。(2)根据两种标记的扩增结果,用UPGMA法对48份叶子花种质的聚类分析显示,48份供试材料间具有较丰富的遗传多样性,其品种间遗传相似系数RAPD为0.318 8～0.955 6,ISSR为0.349 5～0.900 0;两种分子标记均能清楚地将48份种质材料区分开来,对种质类群的划分结果基本一致,仅有些许差异。(3)聚类分析结果显示,48份种质可分为两大种系:1)B.glabra种系,其品种大多以其种内来源为主;2)涵盖了B.spectabilis、B.peruviana、B.×buttiana和B.×spectoglabra等4个种的种系,种质构成较为复杂。(4)两种标记聚类结果呈显著相关关系,相关系数为0.752 3。研究表明,对一些形态上无法细分的叶子花种质(类群),RAPD和ISSR分子标记是可靠的鉴别方法。