评介Smnh等的热河群40Ae-39Ar同位素测年结果

对Ｓｍｉｔｈ等１９９５年热河群４０Ａｒ－３９Ａｒ同位素测年工作的背景以及各样品的采样地点、层位与测年目的等作了补充介绍．由于Ｓｍｉｔｈ等的论文中将３组后期火山岩的测年结果分别误解为义县组下部与上部地层的同位素年龄,因而整体上混淆了义县组不同层位的测年结果．Ｓｍｉｔｈ等１９９５年发表的６组样品的测年数据实际上至少代表了４个与热河群义县组相关层位的４０Ａｒ－３９Ａｒ同位素年龄：１２２．９±０．３Ｍａ（凌源大新房子沉积层下伏火山岩）、１２２．１±０．２～１２２．５±０．３Ｍａ（凌源二十里堡沉积层）、１２１．５±０．９～１２１．６±０．５Ｍａ（义县金刚山沉积层上覆火山角砾岩）、１２０．８±０．４～１２１．４±０．７Ｍａ（后期火山岩）。     

辽宁凌源及内蒙古宁城地区下白垩统义县组脊椎动物生物地层

辽宁凌源及相邻内蒙古南部宁城地区义县组发现多个重要脊椎动物化石地点,通过岩 石地层、脊椎动物生物地层和同位素年代地层对比,建立了该地区义县组地层层序。凌源一宁 城地区义县组有 ２个脊椎动物化石层位：下部道虎沟层含 Ｌｙｃｏｐｔｅｒａｅｒ Ｉｃｈｔｈｙｏｆａｕｎａ, Ｐｓｉｔｔａｃｏｓａｕｒｕｓ Ｆａｕｎａ和Ｃｏｎｆｕｃｉｕｓｏｒｎｉｓ Ａｖｉｆａｕｎａ等３个动物群,可以与北票尖山沟层的四合 屯脊椎动物化石群对比,层位相当于义县组一、三段;上部大王杖子（大新房子）层含 Ｌｙｃｏｐｔｅｒａ Ｉｃｈｔｈｙｏｆａｕｎａ和Ｌｉａｏｘｉｏｒｎｉｓ Ａｖｉｆａｕｎａ等２个动物群,为义县组中部沉积,在四合屯地 区缺失。冀北丰宁四岔口－森吉图地区义县组脊椎动物化石层对应于凌源大王杖子层;滦平 大北沟组为义县组最下部沉积,其上覆的大店子组相当于宁城道虎沟层和北票四合屯义县组 一、三段。热河群义县组和九佛堂组发现３个连续的鸟类群;义县组下部Ｃｏｎｆｕｃｉｕｓｏｒｎｉｓ Ａｖｉｆａｕｎａ、义县组中部Ｌｉａｏｘｉｏｒｎｉｓ Ａｖｉｆａｕｎａ和九佛堂组Ｃａｔｈａｙｏｒｎｉｓ－Ｃｈａｏｙａｎｇｉａ Ａｖｉｆａｕｎａ。义 县组和九佛堂组Ｌｙｃｏｐｔｅｒａ　Ｉ     

山西三叠系二马营组和铜川组SHRIMP锆石铀-铅年龄及其地质意义(英文)

采集了山西省二马营组和铜川组共4个层位的火山凝灰岩,在高灵敏度高分辨率二次离子质谱仪上以铀-铅法测定其中锆石的年龄。二马营组上部的样品测年结果为245.9 Ma±3.2 Ma, 铜川组一段样品测年结果为243.1 Ma±3.9 Ma, 二段上部两个样品年龄为238.6 Ma±2.6 Ma和234.6 Ma±6.5 Ma。结果表明出产陕北肯氏兽动物群的二马营组下部极有可能属于下三叠统,而铜川组时代可能从安尼期晚期到拉丁期。     

蒙古中部湖泊之谷沉积岩-玄武岩共存的渐新世地层:蒙古-奥地利合作项目回顾(英文)

Taatsiin Gol和Taatsiin Tsagaan Nuur地区的渐新世沉积序列具有重要的地层学意义:这里出露的三达河组和Loh组沉积含有多个化石层和玄武岩夹层。在蒙古-奥地利合作项目中,从研究区域的33个剖面/化石地点的85个化石层中采集了289种化石(11种腹足类、2种两栖类、9种爬行类和267种哺乳类)。本文提供了所有地点的完整哺乳动物清单,并结合大、小哺乳动物的新资料,对蒙古非正式的生物带A,B,C和C1进行了更新。40Ar/39Ar测年给出了至少两组玄武岩年龄:早渐新世玄武岩I组大约31.5Ma,晚渐新世玄武岩II组大约28Ma。它们可以用作渐新世哺乳动物地层学的年代校正点。从早渐新世至晚渐新世,哺乳动物群发生了显著的变化,包括晚渐新世种数的明显减少。这种趋势在肉齿类、食肉类和反刍类中最为突出。     

辽宁西部早白垩世义县组一新驰龙类

我国辽西早白垩世义县组底部陆家屯层近年来产出大量恐龙和其他脊椎动物化石 ,其中包括兽脚类恐龙当中的伤齿龙类和窃蛋龙类 (Xu ,2 0 0 2 )。本文报道该层位产出的一件驰龙类化石标本。通过对比研究 ,我们确认这一标本不同于热河群已知的其他 3种驰龙类 ,并建立了驰龙类的一个新属种 :陆家屯纤细盗龙 (Graciliraptorlujiatunensisgen .etsp .nov .)。驰龙类最初发现于北美晚白垩世地层中 (MatthewandBrown ,1 92 2 ) ,随后在蒙古晚白垩世地层中也有发现 (Osborn ,1 92 4 ) ;现在已知驰龙类的化石记录主要集中在北美和中亚地区的白垩纪地层中 (Xu ,2 0 0 2 )。千禧中国鸟龙 (Sinornithosaurusmillenii)曾代表最早的确定无疑的驰龙属种 (Xuetal.,1 999) ,其生存时代大约为 1 2 5Ma (Swisheretal.,1 999)。陆家屯纤细盗龙正型标本产于义县组底部陆家屯层 ,其上覆和下伏岩层的同位素年代分别为 1 2 8Ma和 1 39Ma (Swisheretal.,2 0 0 1 )。因此 ,陆家屯纤细盗龙代表已知最早的驰龙属种。陆家屯纤细盗龙和其他驰龙类共享以下近裔特征 :尾椎前关节突和脉弧极度加长、上颌齿后缘锯齿明显大于前缘锯齿和指节III- 2明显缩短。陆家屯纤细盗龙的以下近裔特征区别于其他驰龙类 :中部尾椎有一板状结构连接左右后关节     

内蒙古海拉尔盆地白垩纪生物地层研究进展

兴安岭群龙江组产Ephemeropsistrisetalis等热河生物群分子,九峰山组产富含Cicatricosisporites,Pilosisporites,Concavissimisporites的孢粉组合,兴安岭群龙江组、甘河组火山岩同位素年龄为105-141Ma,证实兴安岭群的时代为早白垩世早期;扎赉诺尔群中以Cypridea,Limnocypridea,Ilyocyprimorpha和Hailaeria等属为代表的介形类动物群,以Nyktericysta,Vesperopsis等属为代表的NV浮游植物群,以富含Lygopodiaceae科各属孢子,尤其是Cicatricosisporites高含量的孢粉组合,代表了中国北方早白垩世特有的动、植物群面貌,而其中Asteropollis,Tricolpites和Polyporites等被子植物花粉化石的发现,这一事实似乎暗示了扎赉诺尔群的时代为早白垩世中、晚期;青元岗组产以Talicypridea,Altanicypris,Chinocypridea和Harbinia为代表的介形类动物群,具有显著的地域性特点,可与松辽盆地四方台组对比,其时代为晚白垩世Maastrichtian期。     

全自动生化分析仪测定血清乳酸脱氢酶同工酶Ⅰ

应用α－糜蛋白酶和盐酸胍作为抑制剂选择性测定待测样品中乳酸脱氢酶同工酶Ⅰ（LD－1）．采用蛋白水解酶和抑制剂来破坏乳酸脱氢酶同工酶2～5（LD2～5）的活性,因此不需预处理待测样品,可直接用于自动生化分析仪．使用日立7150分析仪建立了LD－1分析仪建立了LD－1测定参数,方法变异系数（CV）2．7％～4．4％;测得结果（y）与LD－1电泳方法（x）相关良好,y＝0．967x－1．957,r＝0．992（n＝37）;检测了197名健康男女血清样品,确定LD－1参考值范围为29．78～59．26U／L,x±s＝（44．58±7．39）U／L．     

云南澄江早寒武世蠕虫化石——Maotianshania gen.nov.

1984—1985年,侯先光曾几次赴云南考察,在澄江县帽天山(24°39′N,102°57′E)下寒武统筇竹寺组玉案山段下部,发现了一大批门类众多保存精美的后生动物化石,其中包括海绵、水母、蠕虫、软舌螺、腕足类、腹足类、金臂虫、三叶虫以及其它节肢动物等。这个以含有大量的软体后生动物的新化石组合,已被命名为“澄江动物群”(张文堂、侯先光,1985)。根据伴生的三叶虫化石,澄江动物群的层位为早寒武世筇竹寺组Eoredlichia-Wutingaspis带下部,距今大约为570百万年,略新于前寒武纪-寒武纪过渡期的梅树村阶(见孙卫国、侯先光,1987,表I)。澄江动物群中的蠕虫化石数量十分丰富,     

南海北部IODP U1500B孔45R-56R生物地层学研究与沉积历史恢复

本文对南海北部IODP 367航次U1500B孔45R–56R段(1 262.4～1 378.8 m)岩心的浮游有孔虫进行生物地层学研究,共识别出15个浮游有孔虫生物事件,并结合锶同位素测年结果,建立了可靠的年代地层框架。45R–49R段为中中新世–晚渐新世沉积地层; 50R–53R以及55R(不包括55R-1 0～10 cm段)为早渐新世沉积地层; 54R、55R-1 0～10cm段与56R段获得岩心含有中中新世浮游有孔虫特征分子。综合岩性、地震反射剖面及物理性质参数等分析结果,推断1 306.84 m层位(位于49R)存在的沉积间断(约26.93–28.09 Ma),由南海在27 Ma的洋脊跃迁引起; 54R、55R-10～10 cm段与56R段岩心(约14.89–15.10 Ma)的混入可能与南海扩张结束后的断层活动有关。     

蝮蛇抗栓酶治疗非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病并发TIA疗效观察

我院用蝮蛇抗栓酶治疗非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病 (NIDDM)并发短暂脑缺血发作 (TIA) 2 8例 ,取得较好疗效 ,现报告如下。1　资料与方法1 .1　病例选择　 1 996年 7月～ 1 999年 1 0月我院收治的 NIDDM患者 56例 ,男 39例 ,女 1 7例 ,诊断依据世界卫生组织 (WHO)标准 ,TIA诊断依据文献 [1 ]标准 ,按入院顺序随机分为两组 :治疗组 2 8例 ,男 2 0例 ,女 8例 ,年龄 55～ 76岁 ,平均 63± 5岁 ;对照组 2 8例 ,男 1 9例 ,女 9例 ,年龄 57～ 78岁 ,平均 (64± 4)岁。两组年龄、性别、病情无统计学差异。1 .2　治疗方法　两组均控制饮食 ,应用降…     

大肠癌及癌旁粘膜中CD44、nm23—H1的表达及其临床病理意义

探讨CD     

D1-D2-Cyt b559复合物与33 kD 蛋白重组时光谱性质研究

将分离纯化的菠菜光系统ⅡD1-D2-Cyt b559反应中心复合物和33kD外周蛋白按摩尔比1：1或2：1的比例进行体外重组,监测重组过程中的室温可见光区吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱的变化。结果表明：重组过程中．样品的室温可见光区吸收光谱几乎无变化,但室温荧光发射光谱却有明显的变化,蛋白质内源荧光和叶绿素荧光的强度都有先增加后降低的现象,暗示33kD蛋白与D1-D2-Cyt b559复合物在形成稳定的重组复合物之前、存在一个复杂的蛋白构象变化过程,重组时33kD蛋白与反应中心复合物的结合,可能影响了反应中心D1或D2色素蛋白所结合的叶绿素a等色素分子的微环境。     

FURTHER STUDIES ON THE K+-DEPENDENT SWELLING OF PRIMATE CEREBRAL CORTEX IN VIVO: THE ENZYMATIC BASIS OF THE K+-DEPENDENT TRANSPORT OF CHLORIDE

Abstract— The swelling of intact, exposed primate cerebral cortex perfused in vioo under, isosmotic conditions was a linear function of the concentration of K⁺ in perfusate over the range 25–117 mM. The K⁺-dependent swelling was manifested throughout the depth of the cerebral cortex studied and was associated with an increased content of chloride in the swollen tissue, despite the constancy of the concentration of external chloride. The swelling of the cerebral cortex was a linear function of the temperature of the perfusate over the range 15–38°C, despite the constancy of the concentration of external K⁺. Moreover, the content of chloride in the swollen cerebral cortex was a linear function of the temperature of the overlying perfusate, despite the constancy of the external concentration of chloride. The changes in the contents of Na⁺ and K⁺ in the swollen cerebral cortex perfused with solutions containing constant concentrations of external Na⁺ and K⁺ but differing in temperature suggested that the fluid of swelling in the tissue was rich in both K⁺ and CI^-, as had been shown previously in vitro. Perfusion of the exposed, intact cerebral cortex in uiuo with K⁺-rich fluids usually involved the reciprocal reduction of the concentrations of Na+ in the perfusate to maintain isotonicity. When comparable reductions in the concentration of external Na⁺ were achieved by replacement with choline (instead of K⁺), swelling of the perfused, exposed cortex was significantly less than that attributed to isotonic, K⁺-rich but Na⁺-poor fluids. These observations suggested that it was the elevated levels of K⁺ rather than lowered concentrations of Na+ that promoted the swelling of the perfused cerebral cortex. The apparent rate of influx of ³⁶Cl from the perfusate into the underlying exposed and intact monkey cerebral cortex in vivo was a linear function of the concentration of K⁺ in perfusate over the range 25–117 mM and conformed to Michaelis-Menten kinetics when plotted according to Lineweaver and Burk. Moreover, the apparent influx of chloride from perfusate into swollen cerebral cortex was a linear function of the percentage swelling of cerebral cortex over the range 6–30 per cent. However, the apparent rate of influx of chloride from perfusate into unswollen cortex was not consistent with the linear correlation already described for swollen cerebral cortex. One reason for this discrepancy was the reduction in the size of the true (inulin) extracellular space associated with the K⁺-dependent swelling of cerebral cortex in vivo. The anatomical locus for this K⁺-dependent swelling of cerebral cortex was an expanded glial compartment, as demonstrated by electron-microscopy. The parenteral administration (50 mg/kg) or local perfusion (5 mM) of acetazolamide inhibited the K⁺-dependent swelling of cerebral cortex in vivo. Moreover, administration of acetazolamide inhibited the K⁺-dependent increase in content of C1- and the K⁺-dependent rate of influx of ³⁶Cl into swollen cerebral cortex. We have discussed the possible enzymatic basis of these K⁺-dependent alterations in content of fluid and chloride and transport of chloride in mammalian cerebral cortex in viuo.     

内蒙古锡林河流域主要类型草原土壤中CH4和CO2浓度的变化

 于1999年生长季对内蒙古锡林河流域主要类型草原土壤中CH4和CO2浓度进行测定,结果表明：CH4浓度沿土壤剖面逐渐降低,而且不同土壤深度之间差异显著,而CO2浓度呈现出沿土壤剖面增加的趋势。草甸草原、羊草(Leymus chinesis )草原和大针茅(Stipa grandis)草原土壤中CH4的浓度差异显著,季节变化明显,但是三类草原土壤中CO2浓度变化不大。测定结果还表明：一定时间尺度上,放牧对草原土壤中CH4和CO2的浓度没有显著影响。     

EVIDENCE FOR INVOLVEMENT OF Ca2+ IN THE INCORPORATION OF 32Pi INTO THE PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL OF RAT DIAPHRAGM

Abstract— Ethyleneglycol-bis (β-aminoethyl ether)-N-N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) inhibited the incorporation of ³²P_i into phosphatidylinositol (PI) in rat diaphragm incubated in Ca²⁺-free Krebs-Ringer medium. Only the labelling of the PI was altered, and no effects on the pool size of PI or on the incorporation of ³²P_i into other phospholipids were observed. The effect of EGTA was concentration-dependent and appeared to be related to its Ca^a+-chelating properties; the inhibition of the incorporation of ³²P_i could be completely reversed by the addition of excess Ca²⁺ but not Mg²⁺. The inhibitory effect of the EGTA was progressively enhanced by lengthening the preincubation of the tissue with EGTA, an observation suggesting that chelation of intracellular or membrane-bound Ca²⁺, rather than extracellular Ca²⁺, was involved in the effect. In contrast to its inhibition of the incorporation of ³²P_i EGTA enhanced the incorporation of [³H]inositol into PI, but this effect was accompanied by an appreciable increase in total uptake of [³Hlinositol by the tissue. Our results suggest that the level of intracellular Ca²⁺ plays a role in the regulation of the incorporation of ³²P_i into PI. Addition of unlabelled α-glycerophosphate to the incubation medium of tissues which had been preincubated with 2-deoxy-d -glucose failed to cause a significant diminution in the inhibition by EGTA of the incorporation of ³²P_i into PI. This experiment suggests, but does not prove, that the effect of EGTA was not at the level of incorporation of ³²P_i into α-glycerophosphate.     

THE RELATIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF CO2-FIXING ENZYMES IN THE METABOLISM OF RAT BRAIN

To evaluate the relative significance of CO₂-fixing enzymes in the metabolism of rat brain, the subcellular distribution of pyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase and NADP-malate dehydrogenase, as well as the fixation of H¹⁴CO₃^? by the cytosol and the mitochondria was investigated. Pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenol-pyruvate carboxykinase are mainly localized in the mitochondria whereas NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase and NADP-malate dehydrogenase are present in both the cytosol and the mitochondria. In the presence of pyruvate rat brain mitochondria fixed H¹⁴CO₃^? at a rate of about 170 nmol/g of tissue/min whereas these organelles fixed negligible amounts of H¹⁴CO₃^? in the presence of α-ketoglutarate or phosphoenolpyruvate. Rat brain cortex slices fixed H¹⁴CO₃^? at a rate of about 7 nmol/g of tissue/min and it was increased by two-fold when pyruvate was added to the incubation medium. The carboxylation of α-ketoglutarate and pyruvate by the reversal of the cytosolic NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase and NADP-malate dehydrogenase respectively was very low as compared to that by pyruvate carboxylase. The rate of carboxylation reaction of both NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase and NADP-malate dehydrogenase was only about 1/10th of that of decarboxylation reaction of the same enzyme. It is suggested that under physiological conditions these two enzymes do not play a significant role in CO₂-fixation in the brain. In rat brain cytosol, citrate is largely metabolized to α-ketoglutarate by a sequential action of aconitate hydratase and NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase. The operation of the citrate-cleavage pathway in rat brain cytosol is demonstrated. The data show that among four CO₂-fixing enzymes, pyruvate carboxylase, an anaplerotic enzyme, plays the major role in CO₂-fixation in the brain.     

INCORPORATION OF 3H-LABELLED LEUCINE INTO THE PROTEIN FRACTION IN THE RETINA OF THE HONEYBEE DRONE

Abstract— Protein synthesis in the retina of the honey-bee drone was studied by incubating head slices in labelled leucine and measuring the TCA insoluble radioactivity. It was found that the protein-bound radioactivity in illuminated retinas was half of that in dark-adapted ones. This ratio was not affected by pre-treatment with puromycin. It was therefore concluded that, in the drone, the main influence of illumination is to increase the rate of breakdown of proteins.
Relatively high concentrations of labelled protein were found in dark-adapted retinas when the retinula cells were hyperpolarized by bathing the preparation in a sodiumfree medium; low concentrations were found when retinula cells were depolarized by increasing the extracellular potassium concentration. These findings suggest that protein metabolism of the retina is influenced by the membrane potential of retinula cells.