表达霍乱CT-B和LPS-O抗原的鼠伤寒菌苗株的构建

编码霍乱CT—B和LPSO抗原的基因与载体质粒pYA248重组后,转入△cya△crp △ asd减毒鼠伤寒疫苗株x4072,构建成无药物抗性、带双价抗原的工程菌株x4072(pMG306)。该菌株能分泌表达特异的霍乱CTB抗原,并且在菌体表面同时表达霍乱和鼠伤寒的。抗原。小鼠腹腔免疫和攻击试验表明该菌苗株对霍乱毒株的攻击具有良好的保护作用。本研究为新型霍乱／鼠伤寒双价口服活疫苗的构建打下了基础。     

大肠杆菌SLT—IIvB基因的克隆和表达

采用聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）,从大肠杆菌Ｏ１３８基因组ＤＮＡ中分别扩增出志贺菌样毒素ＩＩ型变体Ｂ的结构序列和包括信号肽的全序列两段基因,定向克隆进表达载体质粒ｐＹＡ３３３４（ａｓｄ＾＋）的ＥｃｏＲＩ、ＢａｍＨＩ位点之间,构建成重组表达质粒。在大肠杆菌Ｘ６２１２（△ａｓｄ）筛选出重组质粒ｐＢ０和ｐＢ１后,经中间宿主Ｘ３７３０转化过渡,再导入△ａｓｄ△ｃｙａ△ｃｒｐ减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌Ｘ４５５０,构建成     

肠毒素源性定居因子CS6在减素伤寒沙门氏菌中表达及免疫原性的研究

将编码肠毒素源性大肠杆菌定居因子抗原ＣＳ６基因克隆到ｐＸＬ６７０,转化ａｓｄ基因突变的Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ Ｘ６０９７,获得重组质粒ｐＳＳ６４,再将后者转化至减毒的△ａｒｏＡ、△ａｒｏＣ、△ａｓｄ伤寒沙门氏菌,构建了无药物抗性且稳定的大肠杆菌和伤寒双价菌苗候选株。小鼠腹腔免疫和攻击实验表明,该菌株对伤寒沙门氏菌毒株的攻击具有良好的保护作用。家兔免疫实验证明,该菌株能产生抗ＣＳ６和伤寒菌Ｖｉ抗原的血清抗体。     

霍乱毒素B亚基融合蛋白表达系统的构建

霍乱毒素Ｂ亚基（ＣＴＢ）是良好的免疫佐剂和载体蛋白。本研究通过定点突变,在ＣＴＢ基因（ｃｔｘＢ）３′端终止密码前引入了限制性内切酶ＥｃｏＲＩ,构建了质粒ｐＭＣ０５。ｐＭＣ０５中ＣＴＢ与下游ｌａｃＺ′基因阅读框架相同,转化大肠杆菌后能够表达ＣＴＢ与β－半乳糖苷酶α肽的融合蛋白;所表达的融合蛋白能与ＧＭ１结合,说明融合蛋白保持ＣＴＢ的基本高级结构和生物学活性;融合蛋白能与抗－ＣＴＢ抗体结合,说明融合蛋白具有ＣＴＢ的抗原性。以上结果表明：通过将外源抗原决定簇基因融合至ｃｔｘＢ的３′端,在大肠杆菌中表达融合蛋白,构建基因工程肽苗是可行的。还探索了转录终止序列对融合基因蛋白表达水平的影响,构建了高效表达融合蛋白的载体－宿主系统。     

恶性疟原虫子孢子CS抗原融合基因的表达及其生物活性

采用遗传工程技术了获得了含有恶性疟原虫子孢子ＣＳ抗原融合基因的重组质粒ｐＭＣ０５５－ＣＳ的工程菌株,能高效分泌ＣＳ抗原的融合蛋白至胞外,可达２５ｍｇ／Ｌ,具有霍乱毒素Ｂ亚单位和子孢子ＣＳ的抗原性;将纯化的融合蛋白免疫Ｃ５７纯系小鼠,免疫后抗ＣＴ－Ｂ抗体滴度可达１：３ ２００－６４００,抗ＣＳ抗体滴度可达１：３２０－６４０,免疫小鼠用纸氏疟孢子腹腔攻击,保护率达３４－４５％。     

疟疾多抗原表位基因表达载体的构建及其在烟草中的表达

本文首次报道疟疾多表位抗原基因在转基因烟草中表达成功。疟疾是当今最需要研究有效疫苗的主要传染病之一。过去的研究表明,ＡＷＴＥ基因编码的疟疾多种抗原表位是有效的抗疟表位,ＣＴＢ基因编码的霍乱毒素Ｂ亚基,是一种既能引起细胞免疫又能引起体液免疫的免疫载体和佐剂。本研究把ＡＷＴＥ－ＣＴＢ融合基因构建到植物表达载体ｐＢＶＧ－ｎｙ１上,采用共转化的方法,通过基因枪导入转化烟草。经ＰＣＲ扩增ＡＷＴＥ－ＣＴＢ基因片段检测,证实了疟疾多表位抗原基因在转基因烟草中的整合。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ蛋白电泳结果显示转基因烟草中表达了ＡＷＴＥ－ＣＴＢ融合基因分子量相同的特异蛋白。经抗原性分析实验和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ免疫印迹实验结果表明,特异表达的融合蛋白可与ＣＴＢ和ＡＷＴＥ抗体结合,具有ＣＴＢ和ＡＷＴＥ抗原性。     

人乳头瘤病毒HPV16 E7蛋白基因在沙门氏菌疫苗菌株X4072中的表达

采用ＰＣＲ方法,从ＨＰＶ１６型质粒中分离出ＨＰＶ１６Ｅ７基因片段,用ＥｃｏＲＩ和Ｓａｌｌ双酶解后,定向插入到表达质粒ｐＹＡ３３３２（ａｓｄ＋）的Ｐｔｒｃ启动子下游,构建成ｐＹＡ３３３２－ＨＰＶ１６－Ｅ７重组表达质粒。在大肠杆菌Ｘ６２１２上筛选出重组质粒后,通过中间菌株Ｘ３７３０的转化过渡,将重组质粒导入鼠伤寒沙门氏减毒疫苗菌株Ｘ４０７２（ａｓｄ－）,构建成宿主和载体之间具有平衡致死结构的ＨＰＶ１６     

肠毒素源性定居因子CS6在减毒伤寒沙门氏菌中表达及免疫原性的研究

将编码肠毒素源性大肠杆菌定居因子抗原CS6基因克隆至pXL670,转化asd基因突变的E.coli X6097,获得重组质粒pSS64,再将后者转化至减毒的△aroA、△aroC、△asd伤寒沙门氏菌,构建了无药物抗性且稳定的大肠杆菌和伤寒双价菌苗候选株。小鼠腹腔免疫和攻击实验表明,该菌株对伤寒沙门氏菌毒株的攻击具有良好的保护作用。家兔免疫实验证明,该菌株能产生抗CS6和伤寒菌Vi抗原的血清抗体。     

Ｏ１３９霍乱弧菌质粒基因组文库的建立及Ｏ—抗原基因的筛选

合成Ｏ－抗原的基因是串联在一起的一个基因族,提取Ｏ１３９霍乱弧菌基因组ＤＮＡ,限制性内切酶ＥcoＲ２Ⅰ酶切,电泳回收４－２０kb的ＤＮＡ片段,构建质粒基因组文库。随机筛选重组克隆,获得一株可与Ｏ１３９霍乱弧菌抗菌清发生凝集反应的重组克隆,命名为大肠杆菌ＤＨ５α（pMG320)。经鉴定分析重组克隆所表达的Ｏ－抗原具有良好的免疫性及反应原性。酶切分析质粒pMG320,推知其Ｏ－抗原基因大 ４．６kb.这为今后Ｏ１３９霍乱疫苗的研制及Ｏ１３９霍乱弧菌Ｏ－抗原基因的结构和功能研究提供了条件。     

伤寒─鼠伤寒重组株Vi4072在小鼠中定居及血清学效果观察试验

以伤寒─鼠伤寒双价重组株Ｖｉ４０７２的３×１０８ＣＦＵ一次口服感染ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠,４天后即可从小鼠的集合淋巴结、肝、脾中分离到该菌,４９天后该菌始被小鼠机体彻底清除。血清和小肠匀浆液中Ｖｉ抗体检测结果证明Ｖｉ４０７２菌株有刺激特异性免疫应答的功能。血清、小肠匀浆液中Ｖｉ抗体明显升高。     

肿瘤的免疫治疗

肿瘤抗原是肿瘤细胞使其具有免疫原性,能被免疫系统识别的标志物质.肿瘤抗原的发现是肿瘤疫苗发展的基础.肿瘤疫苗至今已有许多重大发展.同时,随着对肿瘤抗原的新认识,肿瘤疫苗的研究进入了新的阶段.     

大肠杆菌表达的乙型肝炎病毒核心抗原的某些理化特性

1979年Pasek等用大肠杆菌表达乙型肝炎病毒核心抗原(HBcAg)成功以来,国内外也有类似的报道,但对其理化特性的报道不多。为了更有效地保存和应用此抗原,本文研究了从表达HBcAg的大肠杆菌菌液中纯化抗原的方法,以及抗原的某些特性。 HBcAg是由pHBV-1的C基因与pTL载体重组后在大肠杆菌BMH71-18内表达的,     

Structure and genetics of Shigella O antigens

This review covers the O antigens of the 46 serotypes of Shigella, but those of most Shigella flexneri are variants of one basic structure, leaving 34 Shigella distinct O antigens to review, together with their gene clusters. Several of the structures and gene clusters are reported for the first time and this is the first such group for which structures and DNA sequences have been determined for all O antigens. Shigella strains are in effect Escherichia coli with a specific mode of pathogenicity, and 18 of the 34 O antigens are also found in traditional E. coli. Three are very similar to E. coli O antigens and 13 are unique to Shigella strains. The O antigen of Shigella sonnei is quite atypical for E. coli and is thought to have transferred from Plesiomonas. The other 12 O antigens unique to Shigella strains have structures that are typical of E. coli, but there are considerably more anomalies in their gene clusters, probably reflecting recent modification of the structures. Having the complete set of structures and genes opens the way for experimental studies on the role of this diversity in pathogenicity.     

Thiophilic interaction chromatography of prostate-specific antigen

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) protein and complexes of PSA with α₁-antichymotrypsin (PSA-ACT) or α₂-macroglobulin (PSA-A₂M) prepared in vitro, have strong affinity for different thiophilic gels (T-gel). Free PSA, and these PSA complexes can be isolated due to their affinity for T-gels. The average recovery of PSA from several of the T-gels, based upon ELISA measurements, was 84 to 94%. The data suggest that T-gel affinity can be explored for the purification of free and complexed PSA from various biologic fluids.     

The human repertoire of antibody specificities against Thomsen-Friedenreich and Tn-carcinoma-associated antigens as defined by human monoclonal antibodies

Summary Human monoclonal antibodies specific for tumour-associated Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) [Gal(1–3)GalNAc()-O-] and Tn [GalNAc()-O-] glycoproteins were prepared using peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy blood donors. The B lymphocytes were either directly transformed with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or transformed after an in vitro stimulation period with synthetic glycoproteins. The EBV-transformed lymphocytes were subsequently fused with a mouse-human heteromyeloma to secure antibody production and stability. IgM antibodies exhibiting different patterns of specificity for synthetic TF and Tn antigens were obtained, including antibodies specific for the and forms of different Gal(1–3)GalNAc-O- and GalNAc-O- conjugates and antibodies agglutinating neuraminidase-treated erythrocytes. Several of the human monoclonal antibodies showed an increased binding to cultured carcinoma cells as compared to melanoma cells. This straightforward approach for the production of human monoclonal antibodies demonstrates the possibility of investigating the reactivity pattern of tumour-binding antibodies from peripheral blood lymphocytes. The binding patterns of these monoclonal antibodies show that healthy donors carry different fine specificities against synthetic TF/Tn antigens and that these antibodies react with different tumour cells.     

Proteasome and class I antigen processing and presentation

The recent discovery of two proteasome homologous genes,LMP2 andLMP7, in the class II region of the human MHC, has implicated this multi-subunit protease in an early step of the immune response; the degradation of intracellular and viral proteins. Short peptides produced by the proteasome are transported into the ER by the product of another set of MHC class II genes,TAP1 andTAP2, where they bind and stabilise HLA class I molecules. Antigenic peptides displayed at the cell surface by HLA class I molecules mark cells for destruction by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The role of the proteasome in antigen processing was questioned when mutant cells, which lack theLMP genes, were able to process and present antigens normally. The discovery that two proteasome -subunits, delta andMB1, highly homologous toLMP2 andLMP7 and expressed in reciprocal manner, is now consistent with a role for the proteasome in antigen processing. The incorporation of different -subunits into the proteasome may be a mechanism to modulate catalytic activity of the proteasome complex, allowing production of peptides that are more suitable to enter into the ER by the TAP transporters and to bind HLA class I molecules. But, in the absence of the LMPs, the other subunits permit processing of most antigens reasonably efficiently.Abbreviations ABC ATP-binding cassete - 2m 2-microglobulin - ER endoplasmic reticulum - IFN interferon - LMP low molecular weight peptide - MHC major histocompatibility complex - TAP transporter associated with antigen processing     

鼠疫亚单位疫苗研究进展

鼠疫 ,由于其强烈的传染性和极高的致死率 ,使得人们在应对它时 ,必须侧重于早期的防治。传统疫苗存在安全隐患 ,且存在效率低 ,接种反应率高以及不能保护人体免受肺鼠疫侵害等缺陷。近年来生物技术的迅速发展 ,为开展对鼠疫传统疫苗的改进和新疫苗的研究创造了条件 ,而这些研究当中 ,成果最为丰富的当属亚单位疫苗。目前鼠疫亚单位疫苗的研究大多围绕对鼠疫杆菌免疫原性起决定作用的两种主要抗原成分 (F1抗原和V抗原 )展开 ,按此研究方向浅谈其研究进展。     

胃癌患者血清CA125、CA724、CEA、CA199水平的表达及与临床病理特征的关系研究

目的:研究胃癌患者血清糖链抗原125(CA125)、糖链抗原724(CA724)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖链抗原199(CA199)水平的表达及与临床病理特征的关系。方法:选取2016年5月-2017年8月我院收治的胃癌患者94例记为胃癌组,胃部良性病变患者82例记为良性病变组,另取同期于我院接受体检的健康志愿者80例记为对照组。分别测定三组受试者血清CA125、CA724、CEA、CA199水平,并分析上述指标与胃癌患者临床病理特征的关系,并观察胃癌患者各指标单独检测和联合检测的阳性率。结果:三组受试者血清CA125、CA724、CEA、CA199水平整体比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),胃癌组、良性病变组、对照组的血清CA125、CA724、CEA、CA199水平呈逐渐降低趋势,两两对比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同性别的胃癌患者CA125、CA724、CEA、CA199水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),年龄60岁、TNM分期为Ⅲ-Ⅳ期、肿瘤大小≥5 cm2的胃癌患者CA125、CA724、CEA、CA199水平均高于年龄≤60岁、TNM分期为Ⅰ-Ⅱ期、肿瘤大小5 cm2的胃癌患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。联合检测的胃癌阳性率高于CA125、CA724、CEA、CA199单独检测,且CA724单独检测高于CA125、CEA、CA199单独检测,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:胃癌患者血清CA125、CA724、CEA、CA199水平较高,与患者的年龄、TNM分期、肿瘤大小等因素有关,且联合检测的胃癌检出率较高,可为胃癌的早期诊断提供指导作用。     

紫杉醇联合卡铂治疗卵巢癌的临床疗效及对患者血清CA125、CA199、CEA水平的影响

目的:分析紫杉醇联合卡铂治疗卵巢癌的临床疗效及对患者血清糖类抗原125(CA125)、糖类抗原199(CA199)、癌胚抗原(CEA)水平的影响。方法:选择我院2014年1月～2016年12月收治的41例卵巢癌患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组(n=20)和研究组(n=21)。对照组给予紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗,研究组给予紫杉醇联合卡铂治疗。比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后血清CA125、CA199、CEA水平、卡氏评分的变化,不良反应的发生情况和生存情况。结果:治疗后,研究组总有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05);两组血清CA125、CA199及CEA水平均较治疗前明显下降,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05);研究组卡氏评分改善率高于对照组(P0.05),胃肠道反应、神经毒性损伤、骨髓抑制及血液系统毒性率反应发生率低于对照组(P0.05);两组1年生存率及中位生存期比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:紫杉醇联合卡铂治疗卵巢癌的疗效明显优于紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗,其能够降低患者血清CA125、CA199及CEA水平,改善患者生活质量。