头花马先蒿和管花马先蒿的化学成分

从头花马先蒿全草中发现13个化合物,经波谱分析鉴定为：（±）-松脂素（1）、金合欢素（2）、木犀草素（3）、7．去氧栀子新苷（4）、yuheinoside（5）、euphroside（6）、mussaenosidic acid（7）、莫桑苷（8）、桃叶珊瑚苷（9）、角胡麻苷（10）、异角胡麻苷（11）、贞桐苷A（12）和开德苷元（13）。从管花马先蒿全草中发现4个化合物,经鉴定为：（＋）．dehydrovomifoliol（14）、催吐萝芙木醇（15）、ω-hydroxypropioguaiacone（16）和3-hydroxy-1-（4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl）-1-propanone（17）。所有化合物均为首次在该种中发现。     

藏药斑唇马先蒿的化学成分研究

采用硅胶柱、大孔树脂柱、Sephadex LH-20柱、反相C18柱等柱层析手段,对斑唇马先蒿的化学成分进行了系统的分离纯化,得到了7个化合物,其1H NMR和13C NMR鉴定结果为木犀草素(luteolin,1)、芹菜素(apigenin,2)、金圣草黄素(chrysoeriol,3)、3,5,7-三羟基-3’,5’-二甲氧基黄酮(3,5,7-trihydroxy-3’,5’-dimethoxyl flavone,4)、毛蕊花苷(verbascoside,5)、异毛蕊花苷(isoverbascoside,6)、木犀草素4’-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(luteolin-4’-O-β-D-glucoside,7).这7个化合物均首次从该植物中分离得到,为藏药斑唇马先蓠的深入研究提供了基础.     

三色马先蒿的引种栽培研究

本文报道三色马先蒿有性繁殖及植株生长与发育的调控技术。种子发芽率达８５％,发芽势４０％。栽培植株能在引种地正常开花结实,株平均开花数４５朵,结实率５０％。     

中华双扇蕨中一个新的贝壳杉烷型二萜

从中华双扇蕨（Dipteris chinemis）中分离得到一个新的对映贝壳杉烷型二萜和反式桂皮酸的二聚体：16β—hydroxy-17-[（Z）-p-coumaroyl]-ent-kauran-19-oic acid,命名为dipterinoid A（1）。同时首次从该植物中分离得到其他13个已知化合物。     

毛脉酸模根中一新的色原酮苷类化合物

从毛脉酸模根(Rumex gmelini Turcz.)75%乙醇提取物中分离得到1个新色原酮苷和5个已知化合物,应用波谱学方法及文献对照分别鉴定为2,5-dimethyl-7-hydroxychromone-7-O-β-glucopyranoside (1),nepodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2),10-hydroxyaloin A (3),10-hydroxyaloin B (4),5-methoxyl-1(3H)-benzofuranone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5),phenylethyl-O-α-L-arabinopyranosy-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6). 其中化合物1为新化合物,3～6首次从酸模属中分离得到,化合物2首次从该植物中分离得到.     

海南国产沉香的化学成分研究

从国产沉香(Aquilaria sinensis)的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到6个化合物,经波谱数据分析,分别鉴定为3,3'-(3-hydroxypropane-1,2-diyl)diphenol(1)、guaiacy lacetone(2)、6-羟基-2-(4'-羟基-2-苯乙基)色酮(3)、6-羟基-2-(2-羟基-2-苯乙基)色酮(4)、6-羟基-2-(2-苯乙基)色酮(5)和5α,6β,7α,8β-四羟基-2-(4'-甲氧基-2-苯乙基)-5,6,7,8-四氢色酮(6)。其中化合物1为新化合物,化合物3为首次从国产沉香中分离得到。     

Diphaladine A，扁枝石松中一个新的石松生物碱

从扁枝石松（Diphasiastrum complanatum）的95％乙醇提取物中分离得到1个新的石松生物碱,经波谱技术鉴定其结构,命名为diphaladine A（1）。同时还分离得到其它9个已知石松生物碱类化合物,其中obsctmmaine A（2）,L20,lycoposerramine—K,des—N—methyl—β—obscurine,des-N—methyl-α—obscurine,lycoflexion,和phlegmariurine B等7个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

黄花补血草的化学成分研究

采用硅胶柱对黄花补血草（Limonium aureum（L．）Hill．）进行分离和纯化,并根据理化性质和光谱数据分析鉴定得到6个化合物,分别为：北美圣草素（eriodictyol,1）,柚皮素（narigenin,2）,槲皮素（quercetin,3）,β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol,4）,6,8-二羟基色原酮（6,8-dihydroxy—chromone,5）,胡萝卜苷（daucosterol,6）。化合物4—6均为首次从该植物中获得。     

马肾果枝条的化学成分研究

采用多种色谱方法从马肾果(Aglaia testicularis C.Y.Wu)枝条中分离鉴定了11个化合物,分别是火焰花内酯B(1)、火焰花内酯苷A(2)、(E)-aglawone(3)、eichlerianic acid(4)、shoreic acid(5)、3β-羟基-5α,8α-表-二氧麦角-6,22-二烯(6)、豆甾-5-烯-3β,7α-二醇(7)、β-谷甾醇(8)、胡萝卜苷(9)、东莨菪内酯(10)、碳二十六酸(11)。化合物1~3,8~11均为首次从该植物中分离得到,而松香烷二萜内酯类衍生物1和2则是首次从米仔兰属植物中得到。化合物1对人肺癌细胞株AGZY 83-a表现出弱的抑制作用,IC50值为20.5μg mL-1。这为国产米仔兰属植物的开发应用提供了理论依据。     

四种马先蒿属植物的菌根形态学研究

通过4种马先蒿属植物,三色马先蒿三色变种(PedicularistricolorHand.-Mazz.var.tricolor),管花马先蒿管花变种(P.siphonanthaDonvar.siphonantha),全缘叶马先蒿全缘亚种(P.integrifoliaHk.f.subsp.integerrimaTsoong)和二歧马先蒿(P.ditrotomaBonati)根的解剖,在这四种马先蒿属植物根内均发现有真菌菌丝侵入,真菌菌丝向外伸入土壤,向内侵入皮层细胞内形成囊泡.从根表面分离到的真菌厚垣孢子,经鉴定均为漏斗球囊霉(GlomusmosseaeNicol.&Gerd.).其中,三色马先蒿和二歧马先蒿栽培实验表明,真菌起到了改善寄主植物营养状况的作用.     

Chemical Constituents of Pedicularis tricolor (Scrophulariaceae)

To search for new bioactive constituents from Pedicularis tricolor, a new xanthone named pedicutricone A (1)and a new iridoid named pedicutricoside A (2), along with fifteen known compounds, were isolated from the ethanol extracts of the whole plants of P. tricolor for the first time. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic methods, including two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis.     

三色书虱体内共生微生物Wolbachia的wsp基因的分子检测

采用常规PCR和巢式PCR方法对三色书虱Liposcelis tricolor体内的共生微生物Wolbachia的wsp基因进行分子检测;通过Wolbachia的通用引物以及A、B亚群引物分别比较了常规PCR和巢式PCR对wsp基因扩增的灵敏性。从三色书虱体内扩增出了610bp的Wolbachia的wsp基因片段,500bp的WolbachiaA亚群的wsp基因片段和450bp的Wolbachia B亚群的wsp基因片段。扩增结果说明三色书虱被A和B两个亚群的Wolbachia混合感染;巢式PCR比常规PCR更为灵敏。     

Sesquiterpene Glucosides from Chloranthus japonicus Sieb

A new lindenane sesquiterpene glucoside named yinxiancaoside A (1), a new, rare bidesmosidic megastigmane sesquiterpene glucoside named yinxiancaoside B (5), and three known sesquiterpene glucosides, chloranoside A (2), pisumionoside (3), and sarcaglaboside A (4), were isolated from the whole plant of Chloranthus japonicus Sieb. The structures of the new compounds were established by an extensive study of their spectral data, especially 1D- and 2D-NMR. The cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds against human hepatoma (Hepg-2), human ovarian carcinoma (OV420), and human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells was investigated.     

Drought may be beneficial to the competitive advantage of Amaranthus spinosus

干旱利于刺苋的竞争优势 干旱可以影响入侵植物的生长和土壤酶活性。因此,非常有必要评估干旱背景下入侵植物的竞争优势以及入侵植物和干旱对土壤酶活性的影响。本研究旨在分析干旱背景下起源于热带美洲的入侵植物刺苋(Amaranthus spinosus)与本地植物苋菜(Amaranthus tricolor)共存时的竞争优势和土壤酶活性。通过栽植实验进行刺苋与苋菜的竞争共栽培,并进行不同水平的干旱处理,即：(i)对照;(ii)轻度干旱;(iii)重度干旱。实验结束后测定两种苋属植物的功能性状、渗透调节、抗氧化酶活性以及土壤pH、电导率、土壤微生物生物量碳含量和土壤酶活性。干旱背景下,刺苋的相对竞争强度和相对优势度均高于苋菜。因此,干旱利于刺苋的竞争优势。干旱背景下,刺苋的土壤水溶性盐含量和蔗糖水解能力均大于苋菜。而较高的土壤水溶性盐含量和蔗糖水解能力利于刺苋对养分的获取和利用。     

Purification, characterization and cloning of antiviral/ribosome inactivating protein from Amaranthus tricolor leaves

An antiviral protein (AVP), imparting high level of resistance against sunnhemp rosette virus (SRV) was purified from the dried leaves of Amaranthus tricolor. The purified protein (AAP-27) exhibited approximately 98% inhibition of local lesion formation at a concentration range of approximately 30 microg ml(-1). The protein was found to be highly basic glycoprotein monomer (pI approximately 9.8) of Mr 27 kDa, with neutral sugar content of 4%. The purified protein exhibited N-glycosidase and RNase activities. We have also isolated full-length cDNA clone, encoding this protein designated as A. tricolor antiviral protein-1 (AAP-1). Two primers, one designed on the basis of N-terminal sequence of the purified protein and the other from the conserved active peptides of other AVPs/RIPs were used for PCR amplification of double stranded cDNA, isolated from the leaves of A. tricolor. The amplified fragment was used as a probe for library screening. The isolated full-length cDNA consisted of 1058 nucleotides with an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 297 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of AAP-1 has a putative active domain conserved in other AVPs/RIPs and shows varying homology to the RIPs from other plant species.     

Studies on Diterpenoids ot Rabdosia macrocalyx var. jiuhua Z. W. Xue et X. W. Wang

Four diterpenoids have been isolated from the dried leaves of Rabdosia macrocalyx var. juihua Z. W. Xue et X..W. Wang. Three of them were shown to be known diter- penoids, excisanin A, excisanin B and macrocalyxin A, while the one, a new kauranetype diterpene, was named jiuhuanin A. On the basis of physico-chemical constants, spectroscopic analysis of the new compound and properties of its derivatives, the structure of the compound was identified as (1). Jiuhuanin A was shown to have cytotoxicity in vitro against cultures of Hela cell and A549 cells.     

坚龙胆中的一个新裂环烯醚萜甙

从坚龙胆（Gentiana rigescens）的根中分离得到1个新的裂环烯醚萜甙,命名为坚龙胆甙A（1）,以及8个已知化合物：龙胆苦甙（2）,6＇-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-龙胆苦甙（3）,马钱子酸（4）,6＇-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基．马钱子酸（5）,獐牙菜甙（6）,2＇-（邻,间-二羟基苯甲酰基）．獐牙菜甙（7）,獐牙菜苦甙（8）,四乙酰开联番木鳖甙（9）。它们的化学结构通过现代波谱解析得以鉴定。化合物3,5和9为首次从坚龙胆中分离得到。     

Studies on the Alkaloids of Phlegmariurus fordii (Baker) Ching

Three alkaloids were isolated from the whole plant of Phlegmariurus fordii (Baker) Ching. One of them was identified as known Iycodoline. The other two, named phlcgmariurine A, and phlegmariur!ne B, are new alkaloids. The structure of A, was determined by means of spectral analysis and X-ray diffraction. It was proved to be a new tri-cyclie alkaloid as (Ⅰ). The structure of B, was elucidated as (Ⅱ).     

Isolation of a choline monooxygenase cDNA clone from Amaranthus tricolor and its expressions under stress conditions

INTRODUCTIONAmaranth is a C4 dicotyledonous mesophytecrop plant. A. tricofor is a major variety for veg-etable and ornamental crops, and is widely culti-vated in the wor1d. Osmoprotectant glycine betaine(GB) was detected in Amaranthaceae, A. HyPochon-driacus L[2] and A. Caudatus L[3, 4]. GB iswidespread and an effective osmoprotectant in manyplants[3]. We studied the photosynthetic adaptationmechanism of A. trico1or under salt stress due to ac-cumulation of GB[5].GB is synthesized …     

水红木中两个新的酚苷成分

从水红木（Viburnum cylindricum）植物中分离出2个新化合物,1-phlomglucinyl-（6-methybutyryl）-β-D-glucopyranoside命名为cylindrin A（1）,1-[4-（3-hydroxyl-propyl）]-pyrocatechol-（6-methybutyryl）-β-D—glucopyranoside,命名为cylindrin B（2）。以及7个已知化合物tachioside（3）,syingic acid-4-β-D-glucopyran oside（4）,1-β-D—glucopyanosyloxy-3-methoxy-5-hydroxybenzene（5）,4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenol-1-O-β-D-glucoside（6）,4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethoxyphen-1-O-β-D-glucoside（7）,phlorogluc inol-1-O-β-D-glucoside（8）,1-β-D-glucosyloxy-2-（3-nrethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl）propane-1,3-diol（9）．它们的结构经波谱方法得到鉴定。3—9为首次从该种植物中分离得到。