兔出血症病毒中国株衣壳蛋白基因的克隆和序列分析

应用RT-PCR技术,从兔出血症病毒中国分离株WX84中成功扩增出预期大小为1.7kb的特异性条带,将扩增产物提纯后克隆入pGEMR-T载体,经转化、筛选及酶切鉴定后,获得了该株病毒衣壳蛋白基因的克隆,序列分析表明扩增的中国株RHDV衣壳蛋白基因片段长度为1 740bp,共编码580个氨基酸.该核酸序列与其它国家报道的多株RHDV序列相互间同源性高达98.2%～99.0%,其推导的氨基酸序列同源性也达98.3%～99.1%,为极度保守片段.     

兔出血症病毒中国株衣壳蛋白基因的克隆和序列分析

应用RT—PCR技术,从兔出血症病毒中国分离株WX84中成功扩增出预期大小为1．7kb的特异性条带,将扩增产物提纯后克隆入pGEM^R—T载体,经转化、筛选及酶切鉴定后,获得了该株病毒衣壳蛋白基因的克隆,序列分析表明扩增的中国株BHD衣壳蛋白基因片段长度为1740bp,共编码580个氨基酸。该核酸序列与其它国家报道的多株BHDV序列相互间同源性高达98．2％一99．0％,其推导的氨基酸序列同源性也达98．3％--99．1％,为极度保守片段。     

棉铃虫单核衣壳核多角体病毒(HaSNPV)Hind Ⅲ-L片段的序列分析

本文报道了棉铃虫单核衣壳核多角体病毒(Helicoverpa armigera single-nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus,HaSNPV)基因组的HindⅢ-L片段的全序列.该片段全长2 635bp,包括5个有意义的开放阅读框HaSNPV ORF227,晚期表达因子10基因(lef10),vp1054基因,Ac55(AcMNPV ORF55的同源基因),Ac56(AcMNPV ORF56的同源基因).与其它6种杆状病毒的氨基酸序列比较表明,HaSNPV的lef10基因与甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒(SeMNPV)的同源性最高,为64%,与冷杉毒蛾核型多角体病毒(OpMNPV)的同源性最低,为43%;HaSNPV的vp1054基因与SeMNPV的同源性最高,为65%,与OpMNPV的同源性最低,为49%.序列比较表明,HaSNPV的LEF10与VP1054蛋白与其它6种杆状病毒具有相同的保守区和亮氨酸拉链(1eucine zipper)     

我国分离的盖塔病毒衣壳蛋白基因和3'非翻译区分子特征研究

对我国海南省和河北省分离到的3株盖塔病毒(GETV)(M1、HB0215-3和HB0234)进行衣壳蛋白基因和3'UTR区序列测定,并分析比较该病毒的分子生物学遗传特征.首先应用逆转录聚合酶链反应扩增出病毒衣壳蛋白基因和3'UTR片段,纯化后连接到载体中进行测序,然后用Clastal X和DNASTAR软件对测定的核苷酸和推测的氨基酸序列进行比较分析,用MEGA软件绘制系统发生树.3株病毒衣壳蛋白基因分别由801、804和804个核苷酸组成,分别编码267、268和268个氨基酸,3株病毒之间核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性为97.6%～100%和97.8%～100%,与其他GETV分离株核苷酸同源性在95.4%～99.6%之间.3株病毒3'UTR分别由411、401和401个核苷酸组成,发现中国株存在10个(45～54位)核苷酸缺失和2个(64位、148位)特有的核苷酸位点.进化分析表明盖塔病毒之间的进化关系与分离年代相关,中国境内流行的盖塔病毒是相对独立的一个类群.     

新疆分离的0507JS60鉴定为辽宁病毒

0507JS60是从中国新疆喀什地区采集的库蚊标本分离的病毒株,可以在C6/36细胞上稳定传代.电镜观察显示完整病毒颗粒呈球形,直径55nm(n=10),无包膜,衣壳表面壳粒结构非常清晰.基因组核酸电泳显示基因组包括12条双链RNA(Double stranded RNA,dsRNA)片段.病毒第12基因片段序列测定结果显示该片段全长760bp(GenBank ID:FJ157354),具有长度为525bp的单一开放读码框(Single open reading frame,ORF),编码长度为174个氨基酸的蛋白,分子量约18.9kD.病毒第12基因片段序列比对显示与辽宁病毒(Liaoning virus,LNV)核酸序列同源性大于89%,氨基酸序列同源性大于91%.病毒第12基因片段系统进化分析显示该病毒与LNV病毒位于同一进化分枝内,与LNV-NE9712病毒株进化关系更接近.0507JS60经系统鉴定为LNV,这是首次在东北以外的地区分离到该病毒.     

兔出血症病毒NJ85株衣壳蛋白变异性分析及立体结构预测

用分子克隆技术从兔出血症病毒(RHDV)中国早期流行株NJ85中成功克隆出vp60基因,序列分析表明基因长度为1740nt,编码579aa.利用GenBank数据库,NJ85与WX84、TP二个RHDV中国毒株vp60基因DNA序列的同源性分别为92.7%和97.2%,氨基酸序列的同源性分别为96.1%和98.6%,与其他国家16个毒株的vp60基因DNA序列的同源性在83.7%～97.0%之间,氨基酸序列的同源性在90.5%～99.0%之间,具有高度的同源性. 进一步分析vp60基因的六个分区,A、B、D、F四个区变异率较低,C、E二个区变异率较高.在遗传进化上,历年来的RHDV毒株在氨基酸水平上分析可分为三个支谱系,在核苷酸水平上趋向四个支谱系,谱系没有呈现地域或时间特征.三个中国毒株分布在二个不同的支谱系中.与RHDV同为兔病毒属的欧洲野兔综合征病毒(EBHSV)组成了另一个谱系.运用生物信息学方法分析了NJ85 VP60蛋白的分子量、等电点、疏水性和二级结构,根据同源模型预测分析了三级结构.NJ85 VP60的二级结构以β片层为主,三级结构稳定.病毒衣壳表面有32个杯状凹陷, 由90个二聚体组成,二聚体由VP60单体以A/B5和C/C2两种方式构成,单体在二聚体中的构象有A、B、C三种形式.单体含有S、P两个结构域,两者通过柔性绞链连接,P结构域由VP60的C端部分形成,P分为P1和P2二个亚结构域,P2位于病毒衣壳表面,含有病毒株特异性抗原表位和红细胞结合位点.     

棉铃虫多核型多角体病毒v-cath同源基因的克隆及序列分析

为获得棉铃虫多核衣壳型多角体病毒(Helicoverpa armigera multiple nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus)基因组序列,采用随机克隆方法,建立HearMNPV的质粒基因文库,并通过对插入片段进行克隆鉴定和序列分析,获得编码组织蛋白酶基因v-cath。该基因阅读框为1026bp,共编码341个氨基酸。核苷酸和氨基酸同源性比较结果表明:HearMNPV的v-cath基因与蓓带夜蛾核型多角体病毒B(Mamestra configurata NPV-B)的同源性最高,而与苹果皮小卷蛾颗粒体病毒(Cydiapomonella GV CpGV)同源性最低,由此认为,杆状病毒科的v-cath基因在进化上存在2种进化方式:一类以点突变为主,基因长度变化不明显;另一类突变以小片段的碱基增减为特征。     

棉铃虫单核衣壳核多角体病毒（HaSNPV）Hind Ⅲ—L片段的序列分析

本文报道了棉铃虫单核衣壳核多角体病毒（Helicoverpa armigera single-nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus,HaSNPV）基因组的HindⅢ－L片段的全序列。该片段全长2635bp,包括5个有意义的开放阅读框：HaSNPV ORF227,晚期表达因子10基因（lef10 ),vp1054基因,Ac55(AcMNPV ORF55的同源基因）,Ac56（AcMNPV ORF56的同源基因）。与其它6种杆状病毒的氨基酸序列比较表明,HaSNPV的lef10基因与甜夜蛾核型多角体病毒（SeMNPV）的同源性最高。为64％,与冷杉毒蛾核型多角体病毒（OpMNPV）的同源性最低,为43％;HaSNPV的vp1054基因与SeMNPV的同源性最高。为65％,与OpMNPV的同源性最低,为49％。序列比较表明,HaSNPV的LEF10与VP1054蛋白与其它6种杆状病毒具有相同的保守区和亮氨酸拉链（leucine zipper）。     

我国分离的盖塔病毒衣壳蛋白基因和3′非翻译区分子特征研究

对我国海南省和河北省分离到的3株盖塔病毒(GETV)(M1、HB0215-3和HB0234)进行衣壳蛋白基因和3′UTR区序列测定,并分析比较该病毒的分子生物学遗传特征。首先应用逆转录聚合酶链反应扩增出病毒衣壳蛋白基因和3′UTR片段,纯化后连接到载体中进行测序,然后用Clastal X和DNASTAR软件对测定的核苷酸和推测的氨基酸序列进行比较分析,用MEGA软件绘制系统发生树。3株病毒衣壳蛋白基因分别由801、804和804个核苷酸组成,分别编码267、268和268个氨基酸,3株病毒之间核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性为97.6%~100%和97.8%~100%,与其他GETV分离株核苷酸同源性在95.4%~99.6%之间。3株病毒3′UTR分别由411、401和401个核苷酸组成,发现中国株存在10个(45~54位)核苷酸缺失和2个(64位、148位)特有的核苷酸位点。进化分析表明盖塔病毒之间的进化关系与分离年代相关,中国境内流行的盖塔病毒是相对独立的一个类群。     

我国四株狂犬病毒M和P基因序列分析和所编码蛋白的分析

为了解我国狂犬病毒M、P基因序列和结构特点,用RT-PCR方法获得目的基因片段,测定核苷酸序列后,计算机分析核苷酸和氨基酸序列及其功能区位点结构。结果显示四株病毒M基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为83.9%～99.5%和93.1%～99%,四株狂犬病毒M蛋白上调节病毒RNA转录和复制功能的第58位氨基酸残基均为谷氨酰胺残基(E),与特异性细胞蛋白WW区域作用的PPxY结构序列均为PPEY保守序列;四株病毒P基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为83.6%～99.8%和87.2%～99%,P蛋白与胞浆动力蛋白轻链LC8相互作用的序列位于143～148位氨基酸残基,均为DKSTQT,四株病毒P基因与L蛋白、N蛋白作用位点序列显示未发生影响其生物学功能的变异。研究结果证实了这两种蛋白结构在病毒致病性中起重要作用的推论。     

Genomic sequencing and analyses of HearMNPV-a new Multinucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus isolated from Helicoverpa armigera

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: HearMNPV, a nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV), which infects the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, comprises multiple rod-shaped nucleocapsids in virion(as detected by electron microscopy). HearMNPV shows a different host range compared with H. armigera single-nucleocapsid NPV (HearSNPV). To better understand HearMNPV, the HearMNPV genome was sequenced and analyzed. METHODS: The morphology of HearMNPV was observed by electron microscope. The qPCR was used to determine the replication kinetics of HearMNPV infectious for H. armigera in vivo. A random genomic library of HearMNPV was constructed according to the "partial filling-in" method, the sequence and organization of the HearMNPV genome was analyzed and compared with sequence data from other baculoviruses. RESULTS: Real time qPCR showed that HearMNPV DNA replication included a decreasing phase, latent phase, exponential phase, and a stationary phase during infection of H. armigera. The HearMNPV genome consists of 154,196 base pairs, with a G + C content of 40.07%. 162 putative ORFs were detected in the HearMNPV genome, which represented 90.16% of the genome. The remaining 9.84% constitute four homologous regions and other non-coding regions. The gene content and gene arrangement in HearMNPV were most similar to those of Mamestra configurata NPV-B (MacoNPV-B), but was different to HearSNPV. Comparison of the genome of HearMNPV and MacoNPV-B suggested that HearMNPV has a deletion of a 5.4-kb fragment containing five ORFs. In addition, HearMNPV orf66, bro genes, and hrs are different to the corresponding parts of the MacoNPV-B genome. CONCLUSIONS: HearMNPV can replicate in vivo in H. armigera and in vitro, and is a new NPV isolate distinguished from HearSNPV. HearMNPV is most closely related to MacoNPV-B, but has a distinct genomic structure, content, and organization.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒变异株（793／B）核蛋白基因的克隆与序列分析

根据GenBank已经发表的传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)N全基因组序列设计引物,对IBV793/B分离毒株N基因进行克隆与序列分析。结果表明,IBV793/B的N基因由1229bp组成,与GenBank已发表的11株IBV的N基因相比较,IBV793/B的N基因共有88处点突变,在第991位发生了一个核苷酸的缺失。N基因的核苷酸同源性为86.9%～91.4%,氨基酸同源性为75.8%～77.5%。表明IBV93/B的N基因存在着较大的变异性。     

Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus 38K is a novel nucleocapsid protein that interacts with VP1054, VP39, VP80, and itself

It has been shown that the Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) 38K (ac98) is required for nucleocapsid assembly. However, the exact role of 38K in nucleocapsid assembly remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between 38K and the nucleocapsid. Western blotting using polyclonal antibodies raised against 38K revealed that 38K was expressed in the late phase of infection in AcMNPV-infected Spodoptera frugiperda cells and copurified with budded virus (BV) and occlusion-derived virus (ODV). Biochemical fractionation of BV and ODV into the nucleocapsid and envelope components followed by Western blotting showed that 38K was associated with the nucleocapsids. Immunoelectron microscopic analysis revealed that 38K was specifically localized to the nucleocapsids in infected cells and appeared to be distributed over the cylindrical capsid sheath of nucleocapsid. Yeast two-hybrid assays were performed to examine potential interactions between 38K and nine known nucleocapsid shell-associated proteins (PP78/83, PCNA, VP1054, FP25, VLF-1, VP39, BV/ODV-C42, VP80, and P24), three non-nucleocapsid shell-associated proteins (P6.9, PP31, and BV/ODV-E26), and itself. The results revealed that 38K interacted with the nucleocapsid proteins VP1054, VP39, VP80, and 38K itself. These interactions were confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation assays in vivo. These data demonstrate that 38K is a novel nucleocapsid protein and provide a rationale for why 38K is essential for nucleocapsid assembly.     

Catalytic and molecular properties of the quinohemoprotein tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol dehydrogenase from Ralstonia eutropha strain Bo

The quinohemoprotein tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol dehydrogenase (THFA-DH) from Ralstonia eutropha strain Bo was investigated for its catalytic properties. The apparent k(cat)/K(m) and K(i) values for several substrates were determined using ferricyanide as an artificial electron acceptor. The highest catalytic efficiency was obtained with n-pentanol exhibiting a k(cat)/K(m) value of 788 x 10(4) M(-1) s(-1). The enzyme showed substrate inhibition kinetics for most of the alcohols and aldehydes investigated. A stereoselective oxidation of chiral alcohols with a varying enantiomeric preference was observed. Initial rate studies using ethanol and acetaldehyde as substrates revealed that a ping-pong mechanism can be assumed for in vitro catalysis of THFA-DH. The gene encoding THFA-DH from R. eutropha strain Bo (tfaA) has been cloned and sequenced. The derived amino acid sequence showed an identity of up to 67% to the sequence of various quinoprotein and quinohemoprotein dehydrogenases. A comparison of the deduced sequence with the N-terminal amino acid sequence previously determined by Edman degradation analysis suggested the presence of a signal sequence of 27 residues. The primary structure of TfaA indicated that the protein has a tertiary structure quite similar to those of other quinoprotein dehydrogenases.     

Cloning of dehydrin coding sequences from Brassica juncea and Brassica napus and their low temperature-inducible expression in germinating seeds.

A novel subclass of dehydrin genes, homologous to the Raphanus sativus late embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) protein (RsLEA2) and the Arabidopsis thaliana dehydrin, was isolated from Brassica juncea and Brassica napus, here designated BjDHN1 and BnDHN1, respectively. The cDNA of BjDHN1 and BnDHN1 genes share 100% nucleotide identity. The encoded protein is predicted to consist of 183 amino acid residues (molecular mass of 19.2 kDa and pI of 7.0). It shares 85.3% and 65.4% amino acid sequence identity with the RsLEA2 and Arabidopsis dehydrin, respectively. This Brassica dehydrin also features a "Y(3)SK(2)" plant dehydrin structure. Expression analysis indicated that the Brassica dehydrin gene is expressed at the late stages of developing siliques, suggesting that the gene expression may be inducible by water-deficit. Analysis of gene expression also indicated that in germinating seeds the gene expression was inducible by low temperature. Seed germination under low temperature was compared between B. juncea and B. napus. The results showed that B. juncea seeds germinated faster than B. napus seeds. Expression of Brassica dehydrin gene was also examined as a function of seed germination under low temperature.     

Tyrosine aminotransferase catalyzes the final step of methionine recycling in Klebsiella pneumoniae

An aminotransferase which catalyzes the final step in methionine recycling from methylthioadenosine, the conversion of alpha-ketomethiobutyrate to methionine, has been purified from Klebsiella pneumoniae and characterized. The enzyme was found to be a homodimer of 45-kDa subunits, and it catalyzed methionine formation primarily using aromatic amino acids and glutamate as the amino donors. Histidine, leucine, asparagine, and arginine were also functional amino donors but to a lesser extent. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme was determined and found to be almost identical to the N-terminal sequence of both the Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium tyrosine aminotransferases (tyrB gene products). The structural gene for the tyrosine aminotransferase was cloned from K. pneumoniae and expressed in E. coli. The deduced amino acid sequence displayed 83, 80, 38, and 34% identity to the tyrosine aminotransferases from E. coli, S. typhimurium, Paracoccus denitrificans, and Rhizobium meliloti, respectively, but it showed less than 13% identity to any characterized eukaryotic tyrosine aminotransferase. Structural motifs around key invariant residues placed the K. pneumoniae enzyme within the Ia subfamily of aminotransferases. Kinetic analysis of the aminotransferase showed that reactions of an aromatic amino acid with alpha-ketomethiobutyrate and of glutamate with alpha-ketomethiobutyrate proceed as favorably as the well-known reactions of tyrosine with alpha-ketoglutarate and tyrosine with oxaloacetate normally associated with tyrosine aminotransferases. The aminotransferase was inhibited by the aminooxy compounds canaline and carboxymethoxylamine but not by substrate analogues, such as nitrotyrosine or nitrophenylalanine.     

Deduced amino-acid sequence of a calcium-free alpha-amylase from a strain of Bacillus: implications from molecular modeling of high oxidation stability and chelator resistance of the enzyme.

Alkaline alpha-amylase (AmyK38) from the alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. strain KSM-K38 is a unique enzyme in that it is highly chelator-resistant and oxidatively stable [Hagihara, H., Igarashi, K., Hayashi, Y., Endo, K., Ikawa-Kitayama, K., Ozaki, K., Kawai, S. & Ito, S. (2001) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67, 1744-1750]. This enzyme was found to contain no Ca and require Na (or monovalent cations) for manifestation of activity. The nucleotide sequence of the gene for the novel enzyme was determined, and it harbored an ORF of 1503 bp encoding the enzyme of 501 amino acids, including a 21-amino-acid signal peptide. The deduced amino-acid sequence of the mature enzyme (55 097 Da) showed moderate homology to those of alpha-amylases from Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus stearothermophilus and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, with approximately 63% identity. A methionine residue, which is conserved and susceptible to chemical oxidation, was replaced with leucine in AmyK38. Moreover, many conserved residues that are crucial ligands for Ca were replaced with other amino acids, thereby leading to loss of the Ca coordination geometries. By building a molecular model, we showed the calcium-independent, oxidatively stable active-site topology and structural integrity of AmyK38.     

New beta -lactamase inhibitory protein (BLIP-I) from Streptomyces exfoliatus SMF19 and its roles on the morphological differentiation

A new beta-lactamase inhibitory protein (BLIP-I) from Streptomyces exfoliatus SMF19 was purified and characterized. The molecular mass of BLIP-I was estimated to be 17.5 kDa by gel filtration fast protein liquid chromatography. The N-terminal sequence was NH(2)-Asn-Ser-Gly-Phe-Ser-Ala-Glu-Lys-Tyr-Glu-Gln-Ile-Gln-Phe-Gly. BLIP-I inhibited Bacto(R) Penase (Difco), and plasmid encoded TEM-1 beta-lactamase, whereas it did not inhibit Enterobacter cloacae beta-lactamases. The K(i) value of BLIP-I against TEM-1 beta-lactamase was determined to be 0.047 nm. The gene (bliA) encoding BLIP-I protein was identified by screening a genomic library using an oligonucleotide probe with a sequence based on the N-terminal sequence of BLIP-I. Analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed that the gene was 558 base pairs in length and encoded a mature protein of 157 amino acid residues preceded by a 29-amino acid signal sequence. Pairwise comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence showed 38% identity with BLIP of Streptomyces clavuligerus. Furthermore, the 49th amino acid residue of BLIP-I was identical to Asp-49 of BLIP that was characterized to be an important residue for the inhibitory activity of BLIP. A modified BLIP-I in which Asp-49 was replaced by alanine (D49A) was obtained by site-directed mutagenesis. The inhibitory activities of recombinant (r) BLIP-I and its D49A mutant derivative, expressed in Escherichia coli, were compared. The K(i) value of rBLIP-I against TEM-1 beta-lactamase was similar to that of wild-type BLIP-I, but the D49A mutation increased the K(i) of rBLIP-I inhibition approximately 200-fold. A disruption mutant of the bliA gene in S. exfoliatus SMF19 was obtained by replacing the wild-type bliA gene with a copy inactivated by inserting a hygromycin resistance gene. The disruption mutant showed a bald phenotype, indicating that the bliA gene plays a role in morphological differentiation.