两湖短柄大蚊属二新种（双翅目：大蚊科）

短柄大蚊属Nephrotoma为Meigen(1803)建立,模式种是广布于古北区的N.dorsalis(Fabricius),1781。体中型,多呈黄色,有黑斑;翅一般白色透明,Rs基部很短,此乃属的重要识别特征。该属是大蚊科一大属,已知450余种,分布于世界各地。本文记述了湖南和湖北两省短柄大蚊属二新种,模式标本保存在北京农业大学昆虫标本室。     

大稻大蚊生物学特性及防治的研究

大稻大蚊原栖息在低洼冷凉草炭地和泥炭地,主要为害草甸地杂草。近年来,由于水稻种植面积不断扩大,低洼冷凉草炭地也被开荒变成稻田,致使稻大蚊食性转移,危害水稻。目前在尚志、铁力等市新稻区普遍发生,危害严重。作者于1983年在田间发现,1988年开始系统观察,其成虫体大型,无翅痣,以二龄幼虫越冬。翌年5月末进入暴食期,土壤、水分、温度及食料对幼虫生长发育关系密切。采用2.5％甲基对硫磷粉剂或3％呋喃丹每亩1.5～2kg,在播前或插前使用,均能得到较好的效果。     

大劣按蚊四龄幼虫吞食四种按蚊幼虫的实验室观察

大劣按蚊四龄幼虫会吞食其它按蚊的一龄幼虫,在文献中未见有详细报道,在按蚊饲养中,我们对大劣按蚊吞食按蚊幼虫的情况作了较细致的观察,现报道如下。1 材料和方法大劣按蚊(Ancpheles dirus)采自海南,驯化成功后我所引入饲养;中华按蚊(An.sinensis)系1987年采自思茅城郊,实验室驯化品系;嗜人按蚊(An.anthropophagus)由贵阳     

土大蚊的生物学特性观察

土大蚊Nephrotomasp·是鲁西北地区首先发现的一种地下害虫,主要危害粮食作物等。自1981年始,先后在聊城地区高唐县、冠县和聊城市相继发现,其危害日趋严重。我所于1985～1992年对其进行了室内饲养和野外调查,现将结果整理如下。1形态特征成虫：体黄褐色。体长：雌虫19～22mm,雄虫14～18mm。头小,复眼发达黑色,额前上方有1个菱形黑褐斑。上唇基基短,中部有1黑褐色突起,上生鬃毛,下唇发达,呈两瓣状。下额须4节,第4节长,相当前3节之和。触角丝状,互5节。胸部发达,背面隆起,有川1”字形黑斑,中胸背板的盾前为呈“V”形。翅狭…     

中国丽大蚊亚属二新种及世界分种检索表（双翅目：大蚊科）

记述丽大蚊亚属Formotipula 2新种：茂兰丽大蚊Tipula (Formotipula) maolana sp. nov.,泸定丽大蚊Tipula (Formotipula) ludingana sp. nov.;以及3新记录种：二叉弯尾丽大蚊Tipula (Formotipula) decurvans Alexander,指突丽大蚊Tipula (Formotipula) dikchuensis Edwards,黑尾丽大蚊Tipula (Formotipula) melanopyga Edwards,并对1已知种黑刺丽大蚊Tipula (Formotipula) melanomera gracilispina Savchenko作了补充描记。文中还编制了该亚属世界种类检索表。     

大劣按蚊成虫在低温下的活力

大劣按蚊成虫在低温下的活力宋宗臣重庆第三军医大学寄生虫学教研室６３００３８我国海南省的大劣按蚊是热带蚊种。该蚊在实验室自然交配繁殖种群建立成功后,已对其在最适温度（２６±２℃）条件下的交配、吸血及产卵等习性进行了较系统的研究￣［１．２．３］,但对在低...     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.