上海地区(虫兆)两新种(弹尾目:等节(虫兆)科)

本文描述了等节科的两新种,中华尾四刺Tetracanthura sinensis sp.nov.和缺眼二刺Uzelia anommatos sp.nov..其中Tetracanthura Martynova 1971为中国新记录属.     

湖南鳞(虫兆)属种类记述(弹尾目,鳞(虫兆)科)

记述采自湖南省的弹尾目Collembola鳞(虫兆)科Tomoceridae鳞(虫兆)属Tomocerus 3种,包括2新种:六斑鳞(虫兆)Tomocerus(Tomocerus)hexipunctatus sp. nov.和多毛鳞(虫兆)Tomocerus(Tomocerus)multisetus sp. nov.和1个已知种T.(T.)kinoshitai Yosii,1954.     

一个中国新纪录种细齿(虫兆)以及微小(虫兆)的重描述

重新描述了广泛分布于中国的微小(虫兆)Ceratophysella adexilu Stach,1964.该种目前分布于北京、南京,河北(新纪录),上海(新纪录),浙江(新纪录),湖南(新纪录)等地.经核对模式标本,尹氏(虫兆)Hypogastrura yinae Yue & Fu,2000是微小姚的新异名.细齿(虫兆)Ceratophysella denticulata(Bagnall,1941)是一个世界广布种,但该种在中国是首次报道.     

中国颚毛(虫兆)属二新种(弹尾目,疣(虫兆)科)

记述了采白海南和浙江省的弹尾目疣[虫兆]科颚毛[虫兆]属Crossodonthina Yosii,2新种,海南颚毛yao C．hainana sp．nov．和天童颚毛yao C．tiantongshana sp．nov．。海南颚毛[虫兆]头部每侧有眼2个,弹器痕上有6根刚毛,非常容易与本属其它已知种类分开。天童颚毛[虫兆]与上海产的Crossodonthina tridentiens Yue＆Yin,1999相似,两者的主要区别是：新种的上颚有两条长的、羽毛状分支和具5齿的片状突起,且基部齿长而细;下颚的内颚叶端部及近基部各有1齿;新种腹部第5节有3＋3个疣状突起,而C．tridentiens有2＋2个疣状突起;新种的爪部内侧有2个小齿,1个大齿,C．tridentiens只有1大齿。模式标本保存于上海生命科学研究院,植物生理生态所昆虫标本馆。     

白符(虫兆)胚胎发育的形态观察(弹尾纲:等节(虫兆)科)

对白符(Folsomiacandida)胚胎发育全过程进行显微观察,记述了白符从卵裂、囊胚期、原肠期、组织分化期、孵化前期等不同发育阶段的形态变化和发育过程。其结果表明,白符卵为聚产,形成大小不等的卵块,卵初产时为乳白色,卵壳表面覆盖有细密的颗粒状突起,直径为110—126μm。随着白符发育的进行,胚膜直径增大到180—185μm,其卵裂方式为完全均等卵裂,整个胚胎发育历期7—10d。     

中国西北地区维特疣(虫兆)属一新种(弹尾纲,疣(虫兆)科)

描述了采自中国西北地区的维特疣属Vitronura1新种——陕西维特疣,模式标本保存在中国科学院上海生命科学研究院。新种与属内其它种的区别在于上颚具有7齿,上唇有4根毛,头部背面毛的数量明显少于其它种类,An疣上有2根毛,胸部第2～3节的Di疣上分别有3根毛,腹部第1～4节De疣上分别有3根普通毛和1根感觉毛,腹部第5节的Di疣互相分离。文中同时还编制了该属中国种类检索表。     

中国上海棘(虫兆)属一新种(弹尾目:棘(虫兆)科)

描述了采自上海地区的棘属一新种,田村氏棘晃Ｏｎｙｃｈｉｕｒｕｓ ｔａｍｕｒａｉ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。新种与依田氏棘Ｏ．ｙｏｄａｉ Ｙｏｓｉｉ,１９６６非常相似,但可以根据触角基部的假眼数目、腹管上毛的数目以及后爪中小爪与爪长度比值不同,将二者区分开。模式标本存放在中国科学院上海昆虫研究所标本馆。     

印度尖瘤(虫兆)属一新种(弹尾纲,长角(虫兆)科)

描述尖瘤属Acrocyrtus印度1新种,陈氏尖瘤A.cheni sp.nov.。     

柳(虫兆)属Willowsia及中国分布种(弹尾目:长(虫兆)科)

本文讨论了柳(虫兆)属Willowsia及其中国的种类,并描述了广西1新种,Willowsia guangxiensis, sp. Nov..该种与越南的W. Pseudosocia Stach 1965最为接近,如鳞片具小棘、胸部和腹部大毛数量多等.但在体色、触角及足上有鳞片、腹管及身体上的毛序等方面有别于后者.正模♂,广西百色市田林县岑王老山,海拔2 050米,1999-Ⅶ-03,采集号8698-19,陈建秀,王松杰采.副模6♂♂, 8681-20(2), 8681-28(3), 8681-33(3), 8681-35(2), 8681-38(1), 8685-12; 110♀♀, 8678-20, 8681-20～42, 8685-7,8685-1～34, 8690-1～10, 8690-26, 8690-32, 8690-34, 8698-24, 海拔1 350～2 050米,1999-Ⅶ-31～Ⅷ-03,其它同正模.模式标本保存存在南京大学生物科学与技术系.     

山西鳞(虫兆)属二新种记述(弹尾目,鳞(虫兆)科)

记述采自山西地区的弹尾目Collembola鳞(虫兆)科Tomoceridae鳞(虫兆)属Tomocerus 2新种:黑鳞(虫兆)Tomocerus(Tomocerus)nigrus sp.nov.(山西:和顺禅堂寺)和霍县鳞(虫兆)Tomocerus(Tomocerus)huoensis sp.nov.(山西:霍县七里峪侧尾).新种模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.